Search results for "Effects"

showing 10 items of 2634 documents

A Self-Sorting Scheme Based on Tetra-Urea Calix[4]arenes

2009

Size and shape do matter: When dimerized in nonpolar solvents, an equimolar mixture of eleven tetra-urea calix[4]arenes with different wide-rim substituents self-sorts into only six out of 35 different homo- and heterodimers (see picture). Since the calixarene scaffold and the four urea units are the same in all cases, the self-sorting process is driven only by the cooperative action of steric requirements and stoichiometry.

Steric effectsbiologyHydrogen bondSupramolecular chemistryGeneral Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCalixarenePolymer chemistryUreaTetraOrganic chemistrySelf-assemblyStoichiometryAngewandte Chemie International Edition
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Bioinspired functional analogs of the active site of molybdenum enzymes: Intermediates and mechanisms

2015

Abstract Molybdenum(VI) complexes of the general type MoVI(L)2(E)O (L = 2-(aryl N CH)-pyrrolylato, E = O, NtBu) and their relevance as bioinspired functional analogs for molybdenum-containing oxotransferases are reviewed. All complexes are capable of transfering oxygen atoms to PR3 (forward oxygen atom transfer) giving OPR3 and phosphane molybdenum(IV) complexes MoIV(L)2(E)(PR3) (with a second equivalent PR3) via the transient phosphoryl complex MoIV(L)2(E)(OPR3) and the five-coordinate intermediate MoIV(L)2(E). Reactivity of MoIV(L)2(E) and the favored stereochemistry of products from excess PR3 MoIV(L)2(E)(PR3) depend on the steric demand of the chelate ligands (L)−, the π donor ligand E …

Steric effectsbiologyLigandDimerInorganic chemistryActive siteProtonationRedoxMedicinal chemistryInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferchemistryCatalytic cycleMaterials Chemistrybiology.proteinPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCoordination Chemistry Reviews
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On the application of the extended Fujita-Nishioka equation to polysubstitued system. A kinetic study of the rearrangement of several poly-substitued…

2005

Abstract The rearrangement rates of several di-, tri-, tetra- or penta-substituted Z -arylhydrazones of 3-benzoyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole ( 1a – 18a ) into the relevant 2-aryl-4-benzoylamino-5-phenyl-1,2,3-triazoles ( 1b – 18b ) have been determined in 1:1 (v:v) dioxane/water in a wide range of p S + (3.80–12.50) at different temperatures. The kinetic data obtained have been correlated with those previously collected for the rearrangement of ortho -, meta - and para -substituted Z -arylhydrazones ( 19a – 38a ) by means of an extension of the linear free-energy relationship (LFER) proposed by Fujita and Nishioka, thus considering steric ( E s ) and field ( F o ) proximity effects in additi…

Steric effectsbiologyStereochemistryArylOrganic ChemistryOxadiazoleSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicabiology.organism_classificationKinetic energyBiochemistryMedicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMHR reaction Fujita-Nishioka equation base catalysisDrug DiscoveryElectronic effectTetraReactivity (chemistry)Taft equation
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Dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes of hydrazone phenolate ligands - syntheses and activities in catalytic oxidation reactions

2021

Abstract The new cis-dioxomolybdenum (VI) complexes [MoO2(L2)(H2O)] (2) and [MoO2(L3)(H2O)] (3) containing the tridentate hydrazone-based ligands (H2L2 = N'-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-methylbenzohydrazide and H2L3 = N'-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-(hydroxyimino)propanehydrazide) have been synthesized and characterized via IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The catalytic activities of complexes 2 and 3, and the analogous known complex [MoO2(L1)(H2O)] (1) (H2L1 = N'-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-methylbenzohydrazide) have been evaluated for various oxidation reactions, viz. oxygen atom transfer from dimethyl sulfoxide to t…

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_classification010405 organic chemistryDimethyl sulfoxideLigandOrganic ChemistryHydrazone010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesRedoxMedicinal chemistry0104 chemical sciencesCatalysisInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCatalytic oxidationchemistryDrug DiscoveryElectrochemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTriphenylphosphineJournal of the Indian Chemical Society
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Association of 2-acylaminopyridines and benzoic acids. Steric and electronic substituent effect studied by XRD, solution and solid-state NMR and calc…

2013

Abstract Eight single crystal X-ray structures, solid-state NMR spectroscopic, and theoretical studies utilizing QTAIM methodology were used to characterize the 2-acyl (alkyl in acyl = methyl, ethyl, t-butyl, and 1-adamantyl) amino-6-R-pyridine/4-R′-benzoic acid (R,R′ = H or Me) cocrystals. As expected among alkyl groups 1-adamantyl due to its bulkiness has the most significant effect on the relative positions of molecules in cocrystals. In addition, the subtle electronic and steric effects by the methyl substituents were observed. The theoretical calculations with full geometry optimizations are in agreement with the experimental findings (geometry, energy of hydrogen bonds). Based on the …

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_classification010405 organic chemistryHydrogen bondChemical shiftOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistrySubstituent010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical ChemistryInorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySolid-state nuclear magnetic resonanceMoleculeNon-covalent interactionsta116SpectroscopyAlkylJournal of Molecular Structure
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Macromolecules in ordered media: 4. Poly(2-vinyl pyridine)-liposome association induced by electrostatic interactions

1997

Abstract We have investigated the interaction between vesicles based on dimyristoyl phosphatidic acid (DMPA) and a polymer, such as poly(2-vinyl pyridine) (P2VPy), on the basis of both partition and binding models. The resulting association curves are non monotonous being three regions clearly evidenced. The electrostatic and steric origin of the attractive or repulsive interactions are analyzed as a function of pH, ionic strength and temperature using the fluorescence spectroscopy technique. We emphasize the importance of differentiating the ideal definition of the binding constant from the theoretically evaluated including the activity coefficient, γ, to take into account shifts from the …

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_classificationActivity coefficientPolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryPolymerBinding constantPolyelectrolyteFluorescence spectroscopychemistryChemical physicsIonic strengthMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryMacromoleculePolymer
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ChemInform Abstract: Mukaiyama-Michael Reactions with trans-2,5-Diarylpyrrolidine Catalysts: Enantioselectivity Arises from Attractive Noncovalent In…

2014

The 2,5-diphenylpyrrolidine-catalyzed enantioselective Mukaiyama—Michael reaction between substituted furans and enals is studied.

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_classificationAddition reactionChemistryOrganocatalysisEnantioselective synthesisNon-covalent interactionsGeneral MedicineCombinatorial chemistryCatalysisChemInform
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Linked Amido—Cyclopentadienyl Complexes of Group 3 and 4 Metals: The First “Post-Metallocenes”

1999

Linked amido—cyclopentadienyl ligands were introduced by Bercaw and Shapiro in the late eighties with the catalysts of the type Sc(η5:η1-C5Me4SiMe2N t Bu)X (X = H, alkyl) [1]. These electronically more unsaturated and sterically more accessible analogs of ansa-scandocene complexes were found to be capable of catalyzing the living oligomerization of the α-olefins propylene, 1-butene, and 1-pentene. In these complexes the steric constraint [2] of Brintzinger-type ansa-metallocenes is alleviated by the replacement of one cyclopentadienyl ligand by an amido ligand NR’ (Scheme 1). In order to explore sterically demanding derivatives of this dianionic ligand (C5R4ZNR’)2-, iron and titanium comple…

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_classificationAgostic interactionCyclopentadienyl complexLigandChemistryGroup (periodic table)chemistry.chemical_elementMedicinal chemistryAlkylCatalysisTitanium
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Mononuclear tungsten(VI) complexes with methylenebis(6-alkylphenol)s

2003

Abstract Reaction of monomeric tungsten(VI) complex [W(eg)3] (1) (eg=1,2-ethanediolate dianion) with either one or 2 equiv. of 2,2′-methylenebis(6-alkylphenol) [alkyl=Me (H2L1), iPr (H2L2), tBu (H2L3)] provides heteroleptic complexes [W(eg)2(Ln)] (2) and [W(eg)(Ln)2] (3), respectively. Sterically hindered ligand precursor H2L3, which bear bulky tert-butyl groups in ortho-positions, can form only a complex corresponding to formula 2.

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_classificationAlkylphenolLigandchemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structureTungstenMedicinal chemistryInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAlkylPolyhedron
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Energy interactions in amyloid-like fibrils from NNQQNY.

2014

We use large-scale MP2 calculations to analyze the interactions appearing in amyloid fibers, which are difficult to determine experimentally. To this end, dimers and trimers of the hexapeptide NNQQNY from the yeast prion-like protein Sup35 were considered as model systems. We studied the energy interactions present in the three levels of organization in which the formation of amyloid fibrils is structured. The structural changes in the hydrogen bonds were studied too. It was found that the most energetic process is the formation of the β-sheet, which is equally due to both hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. The aromatic rings help stabilize these aggregates through stacking of t…

Steric effectschemistry.chemical_classificationAmyloidHydrogen bondChemistryStereochemistryStatic ElectricityStackingGeneral Physics and AstronomyAromaticityHydrogen BondingRing (chemistry)London dispersion forceProtein Structure SecondaryPolymerizationsymbols.namesakeCrystallographysymbolsNon-covalent interactionsThermodynamicsAmino Acid SequencePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryvan der Waals forceDimerizationPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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