Search results for "Effets"
showing 10 items of 41 documents
Littérature médiévale et sounds studies
2015
Axe 4 OS nat; International audience; no abstract
Mettre à jour les réseaux politiques ou définir le populisme ? L'attitude des médias face à la droite populiste allemande
2018
International audience; En Allemagne, l’espace politique entre la droite parlementaire et l’extrême droite est peu structuré. Les limites entre chaque camp manquent de clarté et laissent la place au développement d’une zone intermédiaire où s’exprime un populisme rassemblant des personnalités venues de divers horizons (membres de partis politiques, d’associations, intellectuels). En effet, ces personnes font office de passeurs entre les deux pôles, et elles s’illustrent dans les médias en prenant position dans des débats politiques particuliers qu’elles animent par leur engagement volontiers polémique (souveraineté nationale, rejet de l’Europe, lutte contre l’immigration…).Cet article analy…
Gares exurbanisées et développement urbain : Le cas des gares TGV bourguignonnes
2009
Dès la mise en service de la ligne TGV Sud-Est, au début des années 80, la Bourgogne a bénéficié de la création de deux nouvelles gares TGV, aménagées en périphérie des pôles urbains du Creusot et de Mâcon. Malgré leurs fonctions réduites, ces nouvelles gares périurbaines ont suscité d’ambitieux projets d’aménagement. De nouvelles zones d’activités ont ainsi vu le jour à proximité de ces gares. Ces projets n’ont eu toutefois que des retombées limitées en matière d’implantation d’activités économiques. Since the opening of TGV south-east railway line at the beginning of the 80s Bourgogne has profited by construction of two new stations beyond the edge of Le Creusot and Mâcon. Despite their l…
Incidence du passage obligatoire aux normes comptables IAS / IFRS sur le risque d'instabilité bancaire
2011
In this thesis, we study the economic consequences, in terms of instability, of the mandatory IAS/IFRS adoption in the banking industry. The thesis is organized as follows. In a first part (Chapter I), we develop a theoretical framework whose purpose is to understand the mechanisms through which the mandatory IAS/IFRS adoption by banks may influence the probability of occurrence of a banking crisis. At this stage, we show that several arguments, derived from the contractual and informational perspectives of accounting, can be mobilized in order to justify the hypothesis that the mandatory IAS/IFRS adoption has a positive or a negative influence on banking stability. The second part of the t…
Wearing glasses to hear differently? Aftereffects of visuomanual prismatic adaptation on auditory perception
2022
Sensorimotor plasticity is defined as the ability to produce an appropriate motor response face to environmental or bodily changes. The classical experimental paradigm to study sensorimotor plasticity is prism adaptation, which consists of pointing to visual targets while wearing prisms that shift the visual field laterally or vertically. Its aftereffects are not restricted to sensorimotor behavior but extend to sensorial modalities not directly involved during prism exposition, such as audition. There exists a mental representation of auditory frequencies in which low auditory frequencies are associated with the left part of space and high auditory frequencies with the right part of space.…
Rectifications optique et thermique générées à l'aide de jonctions tunnel planaires électromigrées
2017
The work described in this manuscrit consists in studying the optical rectification within plasmo-electronic devices. These ultra-compact optically adressed components with an ultra-fast time response induces a conversion of the incident field into a static current. The monolithically-integrated electronically optical antenna requires a detailed knowledge of nanoscale thermal and electrical transport mechanisms. This work also aims to discuss all thermal effects inherent in the optical excitation of these connected devices, in order to identify the different contributions in the generation of a photo-assisted current.
Cross-phase modulation effects in normal dispersive fibers and their applications
2018
In this Ph.D., physical effects arising from cross-phase modulation between twoorthogonally polarized signals propagating in normal dispersion fibers arestudied and some of their applications investigated.First, a 40-GHz pulse generator is designed by sending two orthogonallypolarized out-of-phase sinusoidal waves in a normally dispersive optical fiber.A large power imbalance between the two waves induces a periodic phasepotential for the weak replica which turns the normal dispersive defocusingregime into a focusing dynamics, thus compressing the sinusoidal wave intoshort and well-separated pulses.A signal sampler and magnifier was then designed using the same principle,sending a high powe…
Étude et manipulation de modes résonants en champ proche optique
2010
Within the quick nano-fabrication techniques evolution and the increasing needs in low space and energy opto-electronic functions on-chip integration, studies and control of electromagnetic resonances of sub-micrometric objects are crucial issues. One aim of this work was then to improve our knowledge of the light-matter interaction. To this end, optical near-field experiments and complementary numerical development of models have been performed to study electromagnetic resonances due to light-matter interaction in sub-micrometric resonators. As an introduction, the first part of the manuscript presents the main phenomena involved in near-field optical microscopy and the used SNOM operation…
Une chrysomèle contre l'ambroisie, est-ce réaliste ?
2016
Context - Despite intensive management practices carried out by stakeholders, common ragweed control is presently not sufficient to limit the spread of this annual invasive plant. Ali classical methods (mowing, chemical weeding, etc.) are limited in terms of efficiency. ln order to achieve a better management in the different habitats occupied by the plant, it is necessary to design innovative methods that could increase contra efficiency. The recent accidental introduction of a ragweed natural enemy in ltalia raises the question of the use of biological control agents. Could the regulation by a new phytophagous insect be considered as an integrated way of management in order to reduce the …
Végétation de début de saison en Afrique du Sud semi aride : effets mémoires et conditions environnementales
2010
Dans les régions semi arides africaines (précipitations annuelles entre 200 et 600 mm), les variations interannuelles du NDVI sont largement contrôlées par celles des précipitations de l'année. Toutefois, les valeurs de NDVI dépendent également de conditions ayant prévalu par deçà la saison sèche (Martiny et al., 2005 ; Camberlin et al., 2007). En Afrique du Sud, la reprise de l'activité de la végétation suit avec un à deux mois de retard le retour des pluies. Les variations interannuelles du NDVI de début d'été dépendent essentiellement des précipitations de début de saison des pluies. Mais les variations résiduelles, effets des pluies synchrones enlevés, mettent en évidence un double effe…