Search results for "Efficient"

showing 10 items of 1603 documents

Structure and composition of model cheeses influence sodium NMR mobility, kinetics of sodium release and sodium partition coefficients

2012

International audience; The mobility and release of sodium ions were assessed in model cheeses with three different lipid/protein ratios, with or without added NaCl. The rheological properties of the cheeses were analysed using uniaxial compression tests. Microstructure was characterised by confocal laser scanning microscopy. (23)Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to study the molecular mobility of sodium ions in model cheeses through measurements of the relaxation and creation times. Greater mobility was observed in cheeses containing a lower protein content and with added NaCl. The kinetics of sodium release from the cheese to an aqueous phase was correlated with th…

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy030309 nutrition & dieteticsSodiumKineticsAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSodium ChlorideAnalytical ChemistryIon03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyCheeseIons0303 health sciencesSodiumRelaxation (NMR)Aqueous two-phase system04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicineMicrostructure040401 food sciencePartition coefficientKineticschemistryComposition (visual arts)Rheology[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionFood ScienceFood Chemistry
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A novel approach to determining physicochemical and absorption properties of 6-fluoroquinolone derivatives: experimental assessment

2002

The ToSS MoDe approach is used to estimate the n-octanol/buffer partition coefficient, the apparent intestinal absorption rate constant and intestinal permeability from a 6-fluoroquinolone data set. Improved in silico methods for predicting a drug's ability to be transported across biological membranes and other biopharmaceutical properties is highly desirable to optimize new drug development. The physicochemical property (Log P) of 26 6-fluoroquinolone derivatives and the absorption properties (Log K(a) and Log P(eff)) of 21 derivatives were well described by the present approach. The models obtained confirm the important role of lipophilicity in the absorption process and its relation wit…

MaleAbsorption (pharmacology)ChemistryAnalytical chemistryPharmaceutical ScienceThermodynamicsGeneral MedicineModels BiologicalIntestinal absorptionRatsPartition coefficientMoment (mathematics)Structure-Activity RelationshipSarafloxacinAnti-Infective AgentsIntestinal AbsorptionMolar refractivityLipophilicityAnimalsRats WistarFluoroquinolonesBiotechnologyAntibacterial agentEuropean Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics
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Intrinsic Absolute Bioavailability Prediction in Rats Based on In Situ Absorption Rate Constants and/or In Vitro Partition Coefficients: 6‐Fluoroquin…

2000

A preliminary study attempting to predict the intrinsic absolute bioavailability of a group of antibacterial 6-fluoroquinolones-including true and imperfect homologues as well as heterologues-was carried out. The intrinsic absolute bioavailability of the test compounds, F, was assessed on permanently cannulated conscious rats by comparing the trapezoidal normalized areas under the plasma concentration-time curves obtained by intravenous and oral routes (n = 8-12). The high-performance liquid chromatography analytical methods used for plasma samples are described. Prediction of the absolute bioavailability of the compounds was based on their intrinsic rat gut in situ absorption rate constant…

MaleAbsorption (pharmacology)In situChemistryAnalytical chemistryBiological AvailabilityPharmaceutical ScienceIn vitroAbsorptionRatsBioavailabilityPartition coefficientAnti-Infective AgentsPharmacokineticsArea Under CurveAnimalsRats WistarDigestive SystemFluoroquinolonesAbsolute bioavailabilityAntibacterial agentJournal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Influence of image reconstruction parameters on cardiovascular risk reclassification by Computed Tomography Coronary Artery Calcium Score

2018

Objective: To investigate the influence of different CT reconstruction parameters on coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) values and reclassification of predicted cardiovascular (CV) risk. Methods: CACS was evaluated in 113 patients undergoing ECG-gated 64-slice CT. Reference CACS protocol included standard kernel filter (B35f) with slice thickness/increment of 3/1.5 mm, and field-of-view (FOV) of 150–180 mm. Influence of different image reconstruction algorithms (reconstructed slice thickness/increment 2.0/1.0–1.5/0.8–3.0/2.0–3.0/3.0 mm; slice kernel B30f-B45f; FOV 200–250 mm) on Agatston score was assessed by Bland-Altman plots and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) ana…

MaleAccuracy and precisionRadiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingCardiac computed tomographyComputed Tomography AngiographyComputed tomographyIterative reconstructionCoronary Artery Disease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyRisk Assessment030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImage reconstruction algorithmRisk FactorsImage Processing Computer-AssistedMedicineHumansReconstruction parameterProspective StudiesVascular CalcificationAgedReconstruction parametersmedicine.diagnostic_testCoronary artery calcium scorebusiness.industryCoronary artery calcium scoreCardiovascular risk classificationGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedCardiovascular riskConcordance correlation coefficientCardiovascular DiseasesCardiac computed tomography; Cardiovascular risk; Cardiovascular risk classification; Coronary artery calcium score; Reconstruction parametersFemalebusinessAgatston scoreNuclear medicineSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaCoronary Artery Calcium ScoringAlgorithms
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Hearing in Real-Life Environments (HERE) : Structure and Reliability of a Questionnaire on Perceived Hearing for Older Adults

2019

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

MaleAgingIntraclass correlationHealth StatusvanhuksetAudiologyIntelligibility (communication)01 natural sciencesspeech perception0302 clinical medicineHearingSurveys and Questionnaires030223 otorhinolaryngology010301 acousticshuonokuuloisuusAged 80 and overSpeech perceptionikäkuulota3142Social ParticipationkuuloHearing levelTest scoreComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGAuditory PerceptionFemalemedicine.symptomPsychologyikääntyneetResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtySpeech perceptionHearing loss03 medical and health sciencesSpeech and HearingCronbach's alpha0103 physical sciencesmedicineotorhinolaryngologic diseasesHumansSound LocalizationHearing Lossquestionnaire validationOrientation SpatialAgedagingReproducibility of ResultsQuestionnaire validationta3125ikääntyminenOtorhinolaryngologyhearingStandardized coefficientQuality of LifeSelf ReportFactor Analysis StatisticalCOSMIN criteria
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Brain changes in long-term zen meditators using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion tensor imaging: a controlled study.

2013

Introduction: This work aimed to determine whether 1 H magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are correlated with years of meditation and psychological variables in long-term Zen meditators compared to healthy non-meditator controls. Materials and Methods: Design. Controlled, cross-sectional study. Sample. Meditators were recruited from a Zen Buddhist monastery. The control group was recruited from hospital staff. Meditators were administered questionnaires on anxiety, depression, cognitive impairment and mindfulness. 1 H-MRS (1.5 T) of the brain was carried out by exploring four areas: bot…

MaleAnatomy and PhysiologyMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyBiochemistryBrain mappingDiagnostic RadiologyBehavioral NeuroscienceNuclear magnetic resonancelong-term Zen meditatorsMultidisciplinarymedicine.diagnostic_testQRBrainNeurochemistryMiddle AgedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMental HealthDiffusion Tensor ImagingMeditationmedicine.anatomical_structureMedicineFemaleNeurochemicalsGlutamateRadiologyResearch ArticleAdultbrainScienceSuperior parietal lobuleNeurological SystemWhite matterFractional anisotropymedicineHumansEffective diffusion coefficientBiologybusiness.industryFunctional NeuroimagingMagnetic resonance imagingNeuroanatomyCross-Sectional StudiesPsicologianervous systemCase-Control StudiesPosterior cingulateFisiologia humanabusinessmeditatorNeuroscienceDiffusion MRIPLoS ONE
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GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC ESTIMATION OF ACETYLCHOLINE IN THE RABBIT HEART USING A NITROGEN SELECTIVE DETECTOR

1973

The distribution of ACh in the rabbit heart was investigated by a modified gas chromatographic estimation method. ACh was extracted with perchloric acid, precipitated as reineckate and demethylated with sodium benzenethiolate. The tertiary amines derived from ACh and other choline esters were concentrated by a microdistillation procedure. Gas chromatography was performed using a nitrogen selective detector. In the range of concentrations between 0.4 and 2.5 nmol ACh per tissue sample the coefficient of variation was 5.2 per cent. The recovery of ACh added to heart extracts was 101 per cent. Evidence for the identity of the choline ester isolated from rabbit hearts and authentic ACh was obta…

MaleChromatography GasHeart VentriclesCoefficient of variationSodiumchemistry.chemical_elementBlood PressureBiochemistryCholineCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundMethodsmedicineAnimalsBioassayCholineHeart AtriaPerchloric acidButyrylcholineChromatographyChemistryMyocardiumAcetylcholineRatsButyratesBiological AssayFemaleRabbitsGas chromatographyPropionatesAcetylcholinemedicine.drugJournal of Neurochemistry
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Determination of globotriaosylceramide in plasma and urine by mass spectrometry

2009

Abstract Background: Fabry disease is an X-chromosomally inherited lysosomal storage disorder leading to accumulation of glycosphingolipids, mainly globotriaosylceramide (ceramide-trihexoside, Gb3). Concentrations of Gb3 in plasma and urine have been used to diagnose Fabry disease and to monitor enzyme replacement therapy with recombinant α-galactosidase. Methods: Gb3 was purified from plasma or urine by combined liquid extraction/protein precipitation and solid-phase extraction, and was detected by flow-injection analysis electrospray mass spectrometry (MS) using multi-reaction-monitoring. Calibration was performed via standard addition using C17-Gb3 as internal standard. The most abundant…

MaleCoefficient of variationClinical BiochemistryGlobotriaosylceramideUrinechemistry.chemical_compoundTandem Mass SpectrometryLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometryBlood plasmamedicineHumansProtein precipitationEnzyme Replacement TherapyChromatographyTrihexosylceramidesSolid Phase ExtractionBiochemistry (medical)General MedicineReference Standardsmedicine.diseaseFabry diseaseLysosomal Storage Diseaseschemistryalpha-GalactosidaseStandard additionCalibrationFabry DiseaseFemaleChromatography Liquidcclm
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Prediction of the mesiodistal size of unerupted canines and premolars for a group of Romanian children: a comparative study

2013

Objectives The aim of the present study was to develop an optimization method of multiple linear regression equation (MLRE), using a genetic algorithm to determine a set of coefficients that minimize the prediction error for the sum of permanent premolars and canine dimensions in a group of young people from a central area of Romania represented by a city called Sibiu. Material and Methods To test the proposed method, we used a multiple linear regression equation derived from the estimation method proposed by Mojers, to which we adjusted regression coefficients using the Breeder genetic algorithm. A total of 92 children were selected with complete permanent teeth with no clinically visible …

MaleCuspidCorrelation coefficientAdolescentDentistryCorrelationPredictive Value of TestsReference ValuesLinear regressionGenetic algorithmStatisticsHumansOdontometryBicuspidTooth UneruptedChildGeneral DentistryMathematicsPermanent teethbusiness.industryRomaniaLinear modelReproducibility of ResultsRegression analysisOriginal ArticlesOrgan SizeGenetic algorithmsDentition mixedlcsh:RK1-715Mesiodistal crown diametersRomanian populationlcsh:DentistryLinear ModelsCalipersFemalebusinessRegression analysisAlgorithms
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Males influence maternal effects that promote sexual selection: a quantitative genetic experiment with dung beetles Onthophagus taurus

2003

J.S.K. was funded by the Academy of Finland, L.W.S. by the Australian Research Council, J.H. by an Australian Postgraduate Award, and J.L.T. by a postdoctoral research fellowship from the University of Western Australia. Recently, doubt has been cast on studies supporting good genes sexual selection by the suggestion that observed genetic benefits for offspring may be confounded by differential maternal allocation. In traditional analyses, observed genetic sire effects on offspring phenotype may result from females allocating more resources to the offspring of attractive males. However, maternal effects such as differential allocation may represent a mechanism promoting genetic sire effects…

MaleDifferential-allocationOffspringMaternal effectsQH301 BiologyCondition dependenceevoluutioseksuaalivalintaOnthophagus taurusScarabaeidaeCoefficient of additive genetic varianceAcuminatus coleopteraFluctuating asymmetryHeritabilityDifferential allocationQH301Alternative reproductive tacticsGenetic variationAnimalsSex RatioSelection GeneticEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsCallosobruchus-maculatus coleopteraLek paradoxGeneticsbiologyFluctuating asymmetrySireMaternal effectGenetic VariationHeritabilitybiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionColeopteraIndirect genetic effectsEvolutionary biologySexual selectionBruchid beetleBody ConstitutionFemaleFemale fecundity
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