Search results for "Efficient"

showing 10 items of 1603 documents

Niobium Nitride Thin Films for Very Low Temperature Resistive Thermometry

2019

We investigate thin film resistive thermometry based on metal-to-insulator-transition (niobium nitride) materials down to very low temperature. The variation of the NbN thermometer resistance have been calibrated versus temperature and magnetic field. High sensitivity in tempertaure variation detection is demonstrated through efficient temperature coefficient of resistance. The nitrogen content of the niobium nitride thin films can be tuned to adjust the optimal working temperature range. In the present experiment, we show the versatility of the NbN thin film technology through applications in very different low temperature use-cases. We demonstrate that thin film resistive thermometry can …

Niobium nitrideMaterials scienceFOS: Physical sciencesApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)02 engineering and technology7. Clean energy01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials ScienceThin film010306 general physicsNanoscopic scaleElectrical impedance[PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall]Resistive touchscreenCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsbusiness.industryPhysics - Applied Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMagnetic fieldchemistryThermometerOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessTemperature coefficientJournal of Low Temperature Physics
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Morpho-agronomic and genetic diversity among twelve sicilian agro-ecotypes of lentil (Lens culinaris)

2015

Although Sicily is relatively small (about 25000 km2), it accounts for several agro-ecotypes of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), for many of which no data on morphological, agronomic, and organoleptic characteristics are available to date. Thus, experiments were performed to characterize 12 lentil agro-ecotypes from different areas of Sicily, including some small islands surrounding the main island, and to assess the extent of genetic diversity (by means of six inter-simple sequence repeat [ISSR] primers). A famous agro-ecotype from central Italy (Castelluccio di Norcia) and two commercial varieties from Canada (Eston and Laird) were also included in the study. The results showed a large deg…

Nitrogen fixationPhenotypic diversitySettore AGR/07 - Genetica AgrariaISSRPhenotypic diversity; Molecular markers; ISSR; Hydration coefficient; Nitrogen fixationHydration coefficientMolecular markerSettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni Erbacee
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Moisture absorption, thermal conductivity and noise mitigation of clay based plasters: The influence of mineralogical and textural characteristics

2016

Abstract Three pre-mixed clay based plasters successfully employed in green building practices in several European countries (Spain, France, Germany, and United Kingdom), mainly used for interior wall coating and finishing, were tested in this paper. Their compositional and textural characteristics as well as plastic behaviour were investigated through a multi-analytical approach in a previous paper. A natural earth (Terra Rossa red soil sampled in north-western Sicily), theoretically appropriate for the production of earthen plaster, was also subjected to the same analytical routine and compared with the three commercially available products. Humidity control capacity by the determination …

Noise mitigation0211 other engineering and technologiesHumidityMineralogyGeology02 engineering and technologyMoisture absorptionRaw material021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyEquilibrium moisture contentEarthen plasterGreen buildingNoise reduction coefficientThermal conductivityGeochemistry and PetrologyTerra rossaThermal conductivity021105 building & constructionClay based plaster0210 nano-technologyPorosityPorosityGeologySettore GEO/09 -Georis. Miner.e Appl.Mineral.-Petrogr. per l'Ambi.ed i B.Cult.
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Nonlinear coefficient measurement in highly dispersive fibers

2018

We present a novel approach for measuring nonlinear coefficients in fibers with significant pulse broadening. We perform a proof-of-concept demonstration for 200-m-long polarization-maintaining and single-mode fibers pumped at 1060 nm with ps pulses.

Nonlinear systemOptical fiberOpticsMaterials sciencelawbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsPulse broadeningNonlinear coefficientbusinesslaw.invention
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Generalizations of the periodicity Theorem of Fine and Wilf

2005

We provide three generalizations to the two-dimensional case of the well known periodicity theorem by Fine and Wilf [4] for strings (the one-dimensional case). The first and the second generalizations can be further extended to hold in the more general setting of Cayley graphs of groups. Weak forms of two of our results have been developed for the design of efficient algorithms for two-dimensional pattern matching [2, 3, 6].

Normal subgroupDiscrete mathematicsCombinatoricsVertex-transitive graphCayley graphEfficient algorithmPattern matchingMathematics
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Visual information flow in Wilson-Cowan networks.

2020

In this paper, we study the communication efficiency of a psychophysically tuned cascade of Wilson-Cowan and divisive normalization layers that simulate the retina-V1 pathway. This is the first analysis of Wilson-Cowan networks in terms of multivariate total correlation. The parameters of the cortical model have been derived through the relation between the steady state of the Wilson-Cowan model and the divisive normalization model. The communication efficiency has been analyzed in two ways: First, we provide an analytical expression for the reduction of the total correlation among the responses of a V1-like population after the application of the Wilson-Cowan interaction. Second, we empiri…

Normalization (statistics)PhysiologyComputer scienceComputationPopulationModels Biological050105 experimental psychologyRetina03 medical and health sciencesWilson–Cowan equations0302 clinical medicineMulti-informationtotal correlationHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesVisual PathwaysEfficient coding hypothesisEfficient representation principleeducationVisual Cortexeducation.field_of_studyNormalization modelGeneral Neuroscience05 social sciencesUnivariateFOS: Biological sciencesQuantitative Biology - Neurons and CognitionDivisive normalizationVisual PerceptionNeurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)Total correlationNeural Networks ComputerNerve NetAlgorithm030217 neurology & neurosurgeryImage compressionJournal of neurophysiology
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Determination of mass attenuation coefficient by numerical absorption calibration with Monte-Carlo simulations at 59.54 keV

2016

Abstract This study presents a numerical method in order to determine the mass attenuation coefficient of a sample with an unknown chemical composition at low energy. It is compared with two experimental methods: a graphic method and a transmission method. The method proposes to realise a numerical absorption calibration curve to process experimental results. Demineralised water with known mass attenuation coefficient ( 0.2066 cm 2 g − 1 at 59.54 keV) is chosen to confirm the method. 0.1964 ± 0.0350 cm 2 g − 1 is the average value determined by the numerical method, that is to say less than 5% relative deviation compared to more than 47% for the experimental methods.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsCalibration curveMonte Carlo method[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsTransmission geometryTransmission methodCalibrationMass attenuation coefficientMass attenuation coefficient[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det][ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]InstrumentationChemical compositionPhysicsbusiness.industryNumerical analysisSelf-absorptionMonte-Carlo method0104 chemical sciencesComputational physicsbusinessGamma spectrometry
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Measurement of high energy resolution inelastic proton scattering at and close to zero degrees

2009

13 pages, 15 figures.-- Printed version published Jul 1, 2009.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsHigh energy resolutionM1 excitationForward scatterCyclotronMeasurement at 0 degreesTRANSITIONSInelastic scatteringDispersion matchingISOVECTORlaw.inventionSHELL NUCLEINuclear physicsNUCLEON-NUCLEON INTERACTIONlawBEAM LINEE1 Coulomb excitationFOCAL-PLANE POLARIMETERInstrumentationInelastic proton scatteringPolarization transfer coefficientsISOSCALARElastic scatteringPhysicsBackground subtractionPolarization transfer coefficientScatteringResolution (electron density)SPIN EXCITATIONSBeamlinePhysics::Accelerator PhysicsMeasurement at 0ºAtomic physicsSPECTROMETER GRAND RAIDENINTERMEDIATE ENERGIES
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Effective diffusion coefficient and diffusion-controlled reactions in insulating solids with defects

1995

Abstract The expressions for effective diffusion coefficient are obtained in the mean field approximation for two-phase system for spatial dimensions of 1, 2 and 3. The existence of potential barrier for diffusion on the phase boundary was taken into account via the boundary conditions. Obtained formulae could be applied in the theory of diffusion-controlled reactions and for interpreting the experimental data on defect diffusion in two-phase media.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMolecular diffusionRadiationMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsAnomalous diffusionCondensed Matter PhysicsFick's laws of diffusionDiffusion layerPhoton transport in biological tissueGrain boundary diffusion coefficientEffective diffusion coefficientGeneral Materials ScienceDiffusion (business)Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids
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Changes in the thermoelectric response of vitreous carbon due to the irradiation by γ-rays

2014

In order to study variations in the thermoelectric properties, some commercial glassy carbon samples were subjected to a sequence of steps consisting of a combination of irradiation with γ-rays produced by radioisotopes 60Co, and hydrogen adsorption when the samples were put in an over pressured atmosphere of this gas. With this procedure it was possible to observe that the irradiation decreases the electrical conductivity of glassy carbon samples and the hydrogenation changes the sign of Seebeck coefficient. The material initially is an n-type semiconductor, but with hydrogenation changes to p-type semiconductor. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the hydrogenated vitreous carbon is mo…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsRadiationMaterials scienceγ-raybusiness.industryXRDAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGlassy carbonCondensed Matter PhysicsAmorphous solidX-rayCrystallographySemiconductorchemistrySeebeck coefficientThermoelectric effectGeneral Materials ScienceCrystalliteIrradiationsense organsElectronicsbusinessCarbonRadiation Effects and Defects in Solids 169
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