Search results for "Ekologi"
showing 10 items of 383 documents
Obrazy brudu - brud w obrazowaniu górnośląskich krytyków kultury
2012
The effect of an eco-label on the booking decisions of air passengers
2022
In the last few years there has been an increasing attempt to find solutions on how to mitigate the environmental impacts of air travel. Behavioral change has hereby been identified as the measure with the most significant impact. One way to encourage behavioral change is the use of eco-labels. Eco-labels have, to date, received scant attention in the aviation industry, and their effect on air travel behavior is still largely unknown. This study explores the effect of an eco-label on the booking decisions of passengers. We conduct a stated choice experiment with 553 air passengers. Our findings show that providing passengers with an eco-label leads to behavioral change, as the label makes t…
Offsetting harmful ecological impacts by restoring conservation areas
2019
Ihmistoiminnasta aiheutuvat ekologisesti haitalliset vaikutukset voidaan kompensoida tuottamalla luonnon kannalta hyötyjä, esimerkiksi ennallistamalla elinympäristöjä tai perustamalla uusia luonnonsuojelualueita. Elinympäristön ennallistaminen mahdollistaa elinympäristön palautumisen kohti luonnontilaa. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää, voitaisiinko jo aiemmin suojelluilla alueilla tehtävällä ennallistamisella saavuttaa ekologisessa kompensaatiossa tarvittava luontohyöty. Voi ehkä vaikuttaa siltä, että tällä tavoin tuotetut hyödyt eivät ole luonnon kannalta lisäisiä, koska toimenpiteet kohdistuvat alueisiin, jotka ovat jo suojeltu. Suomessa on kuitenkin tällä hetkellä monia suo…
Social impacts of biodiversity offsetting: A review
2022
Biodiversity offsetting is the widely studied last step of the mitigation hierarchy. Despite numerous studies and the methodological development completed for biodiversity calculations, the human aspect remains unsolved. Biodiversity conservation is typically governed at national or state levels, but the harm caused to biodiversity as well as people occurs locally. In biodiversity offsetting, biodiversity values can be relocated far from the original area, but relocating the values people hold regarding their nearby nature may not be possible. Acknowledging the local people's hopes and values may further complicate biodiversity offsetting, therefore it emphasises even more the need to avoid…
Bioetyki kulturowe w Ameryce Łacińskiej
2017
W artykule została przedstawiona charakterystyka bioetyki łacińskiej, jej korzenie i geneza, rozwój w poszczególnych, wybranych krajach, a także typowa problematyka. Bioetyka łacińska u swych początków jako dyscyplina akademicka czerpała głównie ze Stanów Zjednoczonych. Niewspółmierność problematyki paradygmatów bioetyki zachodniej do realiów krajów łacińskich doprowadziła do przewartościowania i prób wypracowania własnej, swoistej, bardziej adekwatnej bioetyki kulturowej.
Traits and phylogenies modulate the environmental responses of wood-inhabiting fungal communities across spatial scales
2022
Identifying the spatial scales at which community assembly processes operate is fundamental for gaining a mechanistic understanding of the drivers shaping ecological communities. In this study, we examined whether and how traits and phylogenetic relationships structure fungal community assembly across spatial scales. We applied joint species distribution modelling to a European-scale dataset on 215 wood-inhabiting fungal species, which includes data on traits, phylogeny and environmental variables measured at the local (log-level) and regional (site-level) scales. At the local scale, wood-inhabiting fungal communities were mostly structured by deadwood decay stage, and the trait and phyloge…
Comparison of epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry in counting freshwater picophytoplankton
2021
The smaller the phytoplankton, the greater effort is required to distinguish individual cells by optics-based methods. Flow cytometry is widely applied in marine picophytoplankton research, but in freshwater research its role has remained minor. We compared epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry in assessing the composition, abundance and cell sizes of autofluorescent picophytoplankton in epilimnia of 46 Finnish lakes. Phycocyaninrich picocyanobacteria were the most dominant. The two methods yielded comparable total picophytoplankton abundances, but the determination of cell sizes, and thus total biomasses, were on average an order of magnitude higher in the microscopy results. Howev…
A Survey on Technologies Which Make Bitcoin Greener or More Justified
2022
According to recent estimates, one bitcoin transaction consumes as much energy as 1.5 million Visa transactions. Why is bitcoin using so much energy? Most of the energy is used during the bitcoin mining process, which serves at least two significant purposes: a) distributing new cryptocurrency coins to the cryptoeconomy and b) securing the Bitcoin blockchain ledger. In reality, the comparison of bitcoin transactions to Visa transactions is not that simple. The amount of transactions in the Bitcoin network is not directly connected to the amount of bitcoin mining power nor the energy consumption of those mining devices; for example, it is possible to multiply the number of bitcoin transactio…
A comparison of the impacts of introduced signal crayfish and native noble crayfish in boreal lake ecosystems
2014
Road verges provide alternative habitats for some, but not all, meadow plants
2021
Questions Agricultural intensification has led to the decline of biodiverse meadows and other semi-natural grasslands. Road verges offer potential alternative habitats for meadow species, but they may not be suitable for all meadow species due to different soil properties, frequent disturbances, pollution or suboptimal management. Are the communities of vascular plants and bryophytes similar or dissimilar to those in mown or grazed meadows? What kind of species are associated with road verges, mown meadows or grazed meadows? How do the habitat types differ in their soil conditions and disturbance intensity? Location The study was conducted on 36 sites in Central Finland. Methods We compared…