Search results for "Electric field"

showing 10 items of 545 documents

Electrostatic field theory and circuit analysis in the design of coalescers with pulsed dc voltage

2009

This paper presents a mathematical analysis of the electric field and interfacial free charge experienced by the emulsion in an electrostatic coalescer that is subjected to a pulsed dc voltage. Previous work in this area is re-assessed, but the analysis is expanded. A novel static analysis of the system is presented, giving valuable physical insight. It becomes obvious that there must be a limited range of frequencies that are effective in a pulsed dc scheme. Thereafter, analytical expressions for the steady-state solution, where both the switching frequency and duty ratio (or mark space ratio) can be varied, are presented for the first time. These expressions are used to derive voltage and…

ChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringPulsed DCGeneral ChemistryMechanicsStatic analysisIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringExpression (mathematics)Coalescerlaw.inventionlawDuty cycleElectric fieldElectronic engineeringEnvironmental ChemistryNetwork analysisVoltageChemical Engineering Journal
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Enhanced nonlinear optical properties and thermal stability of donor-acceptor substituted oligothiophenes

1997

Abstract Linear and nonlinear optical properties of a series of novel donor-acceptor substituted α-oligothiophenes were investigated by means of electrooptical absorption measurements (EOAM) and electric field induced second harmonic generation (EFISH). The second-order polarizabilities β(−2ω; ω, ω) were related to dipole changes Δμ ag and transition dipoles μ ag associated with low-lying charge-transfer (CT) excitations by using the perturbational two-level approximation. Systematic variation of the donor and acceptor groups led to compounds with exceptional nonlinearity and thermal stability. Too strong donor/acceptor pairs, however, yielded structures in the charge-resonance (CR) limit w…

ChemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomySecond-harmonic generationMolecular physicsAcceptorCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceNonlinear systemDipoleNonlinear opticalComputational chemistryElectric fieldThermal stabilityPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Chemical Physics
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Energy distribution of plasma-assisted electron and ion emission from TGS single crystals

2008

Abstract Electron and ion emission accompanying non-thermal plasma processes, produced at the surface of TGS single crystals under driving ac electric field exceeding 10 3  V/cm, have been carried out. These plasma-assisted emission of electrons and ions were examined by means of time and energy distribution measurements. The intensity of registered charges (electrons and ions) displayed on the 2 ms time scale are represented by two distinct peaks. Time dependent energy spectrum of charges, detected under our experimental conditions, involves electrons and ions with maximum energy up to 30–40 eV for first peaks and up to 70–80 eV for second one. Additionally, the energy of electrons is focu…

ChemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomySurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryElectronPlasmaCondensed Matter PhysicsElectric chargeTriglycine sulfateSurfaces Coatings and FilmsIonIntensity (physics)chemistry.chemical_compoundElectric fieldAtomic physicsEnergy (signal processing)Applied Surface Science
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Effect of hydrogen bonds on polarizability of a water molecule in (H2O)(N) (N = 6, 10, 20) isomers.

2010

Abstract: Polarizabilities of the low-lying isomers of (H2O)N (N = 6, 10, 20) clusters were computed by using Density Functional Theory. The global polarizabilities of the water isomers were found to depend mainly on the total number of water molecules rather than their cluster structures. We show that this result hides in fact a strong heterogeneity of the molecular polarizability within the different isomers. The global polarizability of a cluster was divided into a sum of molecular contributions by using the Hirshfeld partitioning scheme. We reveal that the value of the local polarizability of a molecule in the cluster is correlated with the number and type of the hydrogen bonds (HB) the…

ChemistryHydrogen bondPhysicsIntermolecular forceGeneral Physics and AstronomyWaterHydrogen BondingIsomerismComputational chemistryPolarizabilityChemical physicsElectric fieldIntramolecular forcePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCluster (physics)MoleculeDensity functional theoryPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Intense laser effects on donor impurity in a cylindrical single and vertically coupled quantum dots under combined effects of hydrostatic pressure an…

2010

WOS: 000280235800010

ChemistryHydrostatic pressureBinding energyGeneral Physics and AstronomySurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsEffective mass (solid-state physics)Quantum wellsImpurityQuantum dotIntense laser effectsElectric fieldElectric fieldRectangular potential barrierAtomic physicsHydrostatic pressureImpurityQuantum well
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DFT Calculations of the Electric Field Gradient at the Tin Nucleus as a Support of Structural Interpretation by119Sn Mössbauer Spectroscopy

2005

DFT calculations, using an all-electron basis set and with full geometry optimization, were performed on 34 Sn(II) and Sn(IV) compounds of known structure and (119)Sn Mössbauer parameters, to obtain the theoretical values of the electric field gradient components, V(xx), V(yy), and V(zz), at the tin nucleus. These were used to determine the quantity V = V(zz)[1+ 1/3((V(xx) - V(yy))/((V(zz))(2)](1/2), for each investigated compound, which is related to the quadrupole splitting (DeltaE) parameter according to DeltaE = 1/2eQV, where e is the electronic charge and Q is the quadrupole moment of the tin nucleus. The linear fitting of the correlation plot of the experimental DeltaE, versus the cor…

ChemistryOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryQuadrupole splittingElementary chargeCatalysisBond lengthQuadrupoleMössbauer spectroscopyTinSpectroscopyElectric field gradientChemistry - A European Journal
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Electric field induced alignment-orientation conversion in diatomic molecules: analysis and observation for NaK

1999

This article reports the observation of the molecular fluorescence circularity under irradiation with linearly polarised light. This alignment-orientation conversion phenomenon arises as a result of partial transformation from alignment of the ensemble of 1 P state molecular angular momenta into their orientation under the effect of non-linear dc Stark effect. Circularity rate up to 0.12 was observed in D 1 P! X 1 S fluorescence of 23 Na 39 K molecules in agreement with the theoretically predicted value.

ChemistryOrganic ChemistryFluorescenceDiatomic moleculeAnalytical ChemistryInorganic Chemistrysymbols.namesakeStark effectOrientation (geometry)Electric fieldsymbolsMoleculeIrradiationAtomic physicsSpectroscopyNAKJournal of Molecular Structure
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The prediction of the nuclear quadrupole splitting of 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy data by scalar relativistic DFT calculations.

2006

The electric field gradient components for the tin nucleus of 34 tin compounds of experimentally known structures and Sn-119 Mossbauer spectroscopy parameters were computed at the scalar relativistic density functional theory level of approximation. The theoretical values of the electric field gradient components were used to determine a quantity, V, which is proportional to the nuclear quadrupole splitting parameter (Delta E). In a subsequent linear regression analysis the effective nuclear quadrupole moment, Q, was evaluated. The value of (11.9 +/- 0.1) fm(2) is a significant improvement over the non-relativistic result of (15.2 +/- 4.4) fm(2) and is in agreement with the experimental val…

ChemistryOrganic ChemistryScalar (physics)Analytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryElectronic structureQuadrupole splittingCatalysisQuadrupoleMössbauer spectroscopyDensity functional theoryAtomic physicsSpectroscopyElectric field gradientChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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<title>Level-crossing spectroscopy of the 7, 9, and 10D states of Cs in an external electric field</title>

2007

We discuss experimental and theoretical studies of coherent excitation of magnetic sublevels in n D states of cesium that cross in an external electric field. Crossings of mF magnetic sublevels of hyperfine F levels with ΔmF = ±2 lead to resonances in the linearly polarized laser induced fluorescence, while crossings with ΔmF = ±1 lead to resonances in the circularly polarized laser induced fluorescence. These resonances can be exploited to observe alignment to orientation conversion. From the level crossing signals it is possible to measure atomic properties, such as the tensor polarizability α2 and the hyperfine constant A . Alignment to orientation conversion involves the deformation of …

ChemistryPolarizabilityLinear polarizationMagnetismElectric fieldAtomPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsSpectroscopyHyperfine structureExcitationSPIE Proceedings
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The use of X-ray-induced and thermostimulated visible and UV luminescence for understanding X-ray poling of silica glasses

2007

In this paper, we studied the X-ray-induced visible and UV luminescence (XRL) during X-ray irradiation, afterglow (after X-ray was switched off) and thermostimulated luminescence (TSL). Comparisons were performed between with and without applying an electric field of 1.5 kV/mm on the sample. The typical TSL curve for X-ray-irradiated samples present two peaks centered at 90 and 280 °C. The relative intensity of these two peaks is X-ray dose dependent. An external electric field enhances the XRL, but has no effect on the afterglow. The TSL and afterglow spectra are identical with one peak at 3.25 eV, whereas XRL spectrum displays an additional peak at 4.25 eV. A model of electron exchange be…

ChemistryPolingBiophysicsX-rayAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryThermoluminescenceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAfterglowElectric fieldIrradiationStimulated emissionLuminescenceJournal of Luminescence
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