Search results for "Electricity"
showing 10 items of 1225 documents
Towards an integrated design of renewable electricity generation and storage systems for NZEB use: A parametric analysis
2021
Abstract Although nearly zero energy buildings have attracted growing research attention, literature analysis shows that only a limited number of researches try to couple load match/grid interaction issues and environmental impacts in early design stages. The study proposes a novel multidisciplinary design approach that allows to integrate these two conflicting aspects aiming to find trade-offs. The proposed approach has been applied to a building case study, equipped with a photovoltaics system without energy storage. The results show that even though on yearly basis the energy use (5,290 kWhe) is largely overcome by the on-site energy generation (8069 kWhe), an oversized PV system alone m…
Application of reverse electrodialysis to site-specific types of saline solutions: A techno-economic assessment
2019
Abstract Salinity gradients are a non-conventional source of renewable energy based on the recovery of the Gibbs free energy related to the mixing of solutions at different concentrations. Reverse Electrodialysis is a promising and innovative technology able to convert this energy directly into electric current. The worldwide availability of salinity gradients is limited to those locations where water bodies at different salinity levels are present. The present work analyses a number of different scenarios worldwide, in locations where salinity gradients are naturally available or generated by anthropogenic activities. A techno-economic model of the Reverse Electrodialysis process is presen…
The adoption of photovoltaic micro production systems in Finland
2016
A sustainable supply of energy is one of the most important requirements in order to achieve sustainable development. By using renewable resources society is not dependent on depleting reserves, but instead can have an inexhaustible source of clean energy. The rapid development of photovoltaics has led to lowered prices and increased efficiency making them more attractive alternative as a source of household electricity. Although governments play a key role in setting the constraints of how renewable energy is adopted, the wide-spread adoption of distributed electricity production ultimately depends on consumer decisions to buy them. This study examined the adoption process of photovoltaic …
Assessment of the Present and Future Offshore Wind Power Potential: A Case Study in a Target Territory of the Baltic Sea Near the Latvian Coast
2013
Offshore wind energy development promises to be a significant domestic renewable energy source in Latvia. The reliable prediction of present and future wind resources at offshore sites is crucial for planning and selecting the location for wind farms. The overall goal of this paper is the assessment of offshore wind power potential in a target territory of the Baltic Sea near the Latvian coast as well as the identification of a trend in the future wind energy potential for the study territory. The regional climate model CLM and High Resolution Limited Area Model (Hirlam) simulations were used to obtain the wind climatology data for the study area. The results indicated that offshore wind en…
Expectations and forward risk premium in the Spanish deregulated power market
2010
Abstract Deregulation in energy markets has entailed important changes in the way agents conduct business. Price risk arises as a result of fluctuations in the future price of electricity and agents assume long or short positions in the forward and spot markets to hedge their exposure to price risk. The presence of forward risk premium in prices is evidence of the fact that agents act in the market according to risk considerations. This work aims to analyse the information content of the difference between the forward and spot prices (the so-called forward premium) regarding the agents’ decisions. We find that the sign and magnitude of the ex post forward premium depend on the unexpected va…
Catalysis in glycine N-methyltransferase: testing the electrostatic stabilization and compression hypothesis.
2006
Glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) is an S-adenosyl-l-methionine dependent enzyme that catalyzes glycine transformation to sarcosine. Here, we present a hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) computational study of the reaction compared to the counterpart process in water. The process takes place through an SN2 mechanism in both media with a transition state in which the transferring methyl group is placed in between the donor (SAM) and the acceptor (the amine group of glycine). Comparative analysis of structural, electrostatic, and electronic characteristics of the in-solution and enzymatic transition states allows us to get a deeper insight into the origins of the enzyme's c…
Intelligent system for electrical heating control based on optical precipitation sensor
2018
Abstract The paper presents testing results of the SCADA system IntelHeat introduced at the Latvian Railways for automated heating control of railway points during winters with the purpose of electricity saving by optimized real-time assignment of heating levels. The system is based on innovative optical sensors of precipitation detecting rain and snow particles using diffuse and specular reflection channels. The results of trial exploitation demonstrated the ability of the IntelHeat system to manage points heating flexibly in accordance with changes of weather conditions and correspondence with archived meteorological data.
Long-run operation of a reverse electrodialysis system fed with wastewaters.
2018
The performance of a Reverse ElectroDialysis (RED) system fed by unconventional wastewater solutions for long operational periods is analysed for the first time. The experimental campaign was divided in a series of five independent long-runs which combined real wastewater solutions with artificial solutions for at least 10 days. The time evolution of electrical variables, gross power output and net power output, considering also pumping losses, was monitored: power density values obtained during the long-runs are comparable to those found in literature with artificial feed solutions of similar salinity. The increase in pressure drops and the development of membrane fouling were the main det…
Development of a process for the treatment of synthetic wastewater without energy inputs using the salinity gradient of wastewaters and a reverse ele…
2019
Abstract Electrochemical processes are considered very effective methods for the treatment of wastewater contaminated by organics resistant to conventional biological processes and various inorganic pollutants. Large sites that treat wastewaters usually deal with a large number of waters often characterized by different salinity contents, that could be potentially used to provide the energy necessary for the electrochemical remediation. Hence, in this work a reverse electrodialysis (RED) process for the treatment of synthetic wastewaters contaminated by organics, without energy inputs, using the salinity gradient of different wastewaters, was studied, for the first time. It was found that t…
Poly(sarcosine) surface modification imparts stealth-like properties to liposomes
2019
Circulation lifetime is a crucial parameter for a successful therapy with nanoparticles. Reduction and alteration of opsonization profiles by surface modification of nanoparticles is the main strategy to achieve this objective. In clinical settings, PEGylation is the most relevant strategy to enhance blood circulation, yet it has drawbacks, including hypersensitivity reactions in some patients treated with PEGylated nanoparticles, which fuel the search for alternative strategies. In this work, lipopolysarcosine derivatives (BA-pSar, bisalkyl polysarcosine) with precise chain lengths and low polydispersity indices are synthesized, characterized, and incorporated into the bilayer of preformed…