Search results for "Electron Spin Resonance"

showing 10 items of 153 documents

Irradiation induced defects in fluorine doped silica

2008

International audience; The role of fluorine doping in the response to UV pulsed laser and c radiation of silica preforms and fibers was studied using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Exposure to radiation mainly generates E0 centers, with the same effectiveness in fibers and in preforms. The E'concentration in F-doped silica fibers is found to increase with UV energy fluence till a saturation value, consistently with a precursor conversion process. These results show the fluorine role in reducing the strained Si–O bonds thus improving the radiation hardness of silica, also after drawing process.

Nuclear and High Energy Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Optical fiberMaterials scienceOptical fiberDopingchemistry.chemical_elementSilicaPhotochemistryCrystallographic defectSilica irradiation effects fluorine dopinglaw.inventionNuclear magnetic resonancechemistrylawElectron spin resonanceHalogenPACS: 71.55.Jv; 61.72.Ww; 76.30.Mi; 61.80.Ed; 61.80.BaFluorineDefectsIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceSpectroscopyInstrumentationFluorine doping
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Improvement of ESR dosimetry for thermal neutron beams through the addition of gadolinium.

2007

In this paper, the addition of gadolinium is proposed as a useful tool to enhance the electron spin resonance (ESR) sensitivity of organic compounds to thermal neutrons. The target of this work is the detection, through the ESR technique, of the thermal neutron fluence in a mixed field of photons and neutrons. Gadolinium was chosen because it has a very high capture cross section to thermal neutrons; its nuclear reaction with thermal neutrons induces complex inner shell transitions that generate, besides other particles, Auger electrons, which in turn release their energy in the neighborhood (only several nanometers) of the place of reaction. Gadolinium was added to two organic molecules: a…

Nuclear reactionMaterials scienceHot TemperaturePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsGadoliniumPhysics::Medical PhysicsAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGadoliniumRadiation DosageFluenceSensitivity and Specificitylaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeNuclear magnetic resonancelawRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeutronElectron paramagnetic resonanceRadiometryNeutronsDosimeterRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyAuger effectElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyReproducibility of ResultsNeutron temperatureESR dosimetry thermal neutron gadoliniumchemistrysymbolsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysics in medicine and biology
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Paramagnetic germanium-related centers induced by energetic radiation in optical fibers and preforms

2009

International audience; We investigated the creation processes of Ge-related paramagnetic point defects in silica fibers and preforms, doped with different amounts of germanium, and X-ray irradiated at several radiation doses. Different paramagnetic defect species, like GeE0, Ge(1) and Ge(2), were revealed by electron paramagnetic resonance measurements and their concentration was studied as a function of the irradiation dose. The comparison with the optical absorption spectra points out the main role of Ge(1) on the optical transmission loss of fibers in the UV region.

Optical fiberAbsorption spectroscopyAnalytical chemistryOptical spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumPACS: 42.81.-I 61.72.uf 61.80.Cb 76.30.Mi 78.40.Pglaw.inventionAbsorptionParamagnetismlawElectron spin resonanceMaterials ChemistryOptical fibersIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonance[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]ResonanceSilicaSilica optical fiber defects Geermanium dopingCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographic defectElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryCeramics and CompositesDefects
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Long-term ozone exposure of potato: Free radical content and leaf injury analysed by Q-band ESR spectroscopy and image analysis

2008

This paper presents Q-band electron spin resonance (ESR) studies on free radicals (FR) generated in potato leaves exposed to different O(3) levels in open-top chambers (OTC), together with a quantitative study of the relationship between FR signal intensity and area of potato leaf damage. The advantages of Q-band when compared to X-band ESR spectroscopy are analysed, the main advantage being an absence of overlapping between Mn(II) and FR signals, allowing a quantitative study of FR signal intensity. This study also reports on a graphical method developed to quantitatively measure the damaged area on leaves caused by ozone exposure. Results indicate a direct relationship between FR signal i…

OzoneFree RadicalsChemistryAirRadicalElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyAnalytical chemistryGeneral MedicineBiochemistrySignallaw.inventionPlant Leaveschemistry.chemical_compoundOzoneQ bandNuclear magnetic resonancelawContent (measure theory)Image Processing Computer-AssistedOzone exposureSpectroscopyElectron paramagnetic resonanceSolanum tuberosumFree Radical Research
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Recombinant water-soluble chlorophyll protein from Brassica oleracea var. Botrys binds various chlorophyll derivatives.

2003

A gene coding for water-soluble chlorophyll-binding protein (WSCP) from Brassica oleracea var. Botrys has been used to express the protein, extended by a hexahistidyl tag, in Escherichia coli. The protein has been refolded in vitro to study its pigment binding behavior. Recombinant WSCP was found to bind two chlorophylls (Chls) per tetrameric protein complex but no carotenoids in accordance with previous observations with the native protein [Satoh, H., Nakayama, K., Okada, M. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 30568-30575]. WSCP binds Chl a, Chl b, bacteriochlorophyll a, and the Zn derivative of Chl a but not pheophytin a, indicating that the central metal ion in Chl is essential for binding. WSCP …

PheophytinChlorophyllProtein FoldingDNA PlantLightTetrameric proteinPhotochemistryPigment bindingPhotosynthetic Reaction Center Complex ProteinsLight-Harvesting Protein ComplexesProtoporphyrinsmacromolecular substancesBrassicaBiologyBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundPigmentPhytolpolycyclic compoundsChlorophyll bindingChlorophyllidesSinglet OxygenCircular DichroismElectron Spin Resonance Spectroscopyfood and beveragesWaterCarotenoidsRecombinant ProteinsBiochemistrychemistrySolubilitySpectrophotometryChlorophyllvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumProtein foldingSpin LabelsOxidation-ReductionBiochemistry
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Modification of Structural and Luminescence Properties of Graphene Quantum Dots by Gamma Irradiation and Their Application in a Photodynamic Therapy

2015

Herein, the ability of gamma irradiation to enhance the photoluminescence properties of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) was investigated. Different doses of gamma-irradiation were used on GQDs to examine the way in which their structure and optical properties can be affected. The photoluminescence quantum yield was increased six times for the GQDs irradiated with high doses compared to the nonirradiated material. Both photoluminescence lifetime and values of optical band gap were increased with the dose of applied gamma irradiation. In addition, the exploitation of the gamma-irradiated GQDs as photosensitizers was examined by monitoring the production of singlet oxygen under UV illumination. T…

PhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceLuminescenceBand gapQuantum yieldgraphene quantum dot02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistryMicroscopy Atomic Force01 natural scienceslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawQuantum DotsSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationParticle SizePhotosensitizing Agentsgraphene quantum dotsSinglet OxygenGraphenebusiness.industrySinglet oxygenElectron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologygamma irradiation0104 chemical scienceschemistryPhotochemotherapyphotodynamic therapyQuantum dotGamma Raysgamma irradiation; graphene quantum dots; photodynamic therapy; photoluminescence; quantum yieldOptoelectronicsGraphiteSpectrophotometry Ultravioletphotoluminescence0210 nano-technologyLuminescencebusinessquantum yield
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Power saturation of ESR signal in ammonium tartrate exposed to 60Co gamma-ray photons, electrons and protons.

2006

Abstract Marrale, M., Brai, M., Triolo, A., Bartolotta, A. and D'Oca, M. C. Power Saturation of ESR Signal in Ammonium Tartrate Exposed to 60Co γ-Ray Photons, Electrons and Protons. Radiat. Res. 166, 802–809 (2006). In this paper we present an investigation of the electron spin resonance (ESR) line shape of ammonium tartrate (AT) dosimeters exposed to radiation with different linear energy transfer (LET). We exposed our dosimeters to γ-ray photons (60Co), 7 MeV and 14 MeV initial energy electrons, and 19.3 MeV initial energy protons. The differences in the power saturation behavior of ESR spectra of AT irradiated with photons, electrons and protons could be correlated to the effective LET o…

PhotonBiophysicsLinear energy transferElectronsElectronRadiationRadiation DosageSensitivity and Specificitylaw.inventionlawRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLinear Energy TransferIrradiationCobalt RadioisotopesElectron paramagnetic resonanceRadiometrySaturation (magnetic)TartratesPhotonsRadiationDosimeterChemistryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyReproducibility of ResultsDose-Response Relationship RadiationAmmonium Tartrate 60Co -Ray Photons Electrons and Protons.Gamma RaysAtomic physicsProtonsAlgorithmsRadiation research
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Sensitivity of alanine dosimeters with gadolinium exposed to 6 MV photons at clinical doses.

2011

In this study we analyzed the ESR signal of alanine dosimeters with gadolinium exposed to 6 MV linear accelerator photons. We observed that the addition of gadolinium brings about an improvement in the sensitivity to photons because of its high atomic number. The experimental data indicated that the addition of gadolinium increases the sensitivity of the alanine to 6 MV photons. This enhancement was better observed at high gadolinium concentrations for which the tissue equivalence is heavily reduced. However, information about the irradiation setup and of the radiation beam features allows one to correct for this difference. Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to obtain information on …

PhotonESR dosimetryGadoliniumMonte Carlo methodAccelerationBiophysicschemistry.chemical_elementGadoliniumLinear particle acceleratorRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIrradiationRadiometryMonte Carlo simulationAlaninePhotonsRadiationDosimeterAlanineChemistryX-RaysRadiochemistryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyDose-Response Relationship RadiationSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Alanine dosimeters gadoliniumLinear ModelsSensitivity (electronics)Monte Carlo MethodRadiation research
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Information processing in nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.

1988

An extended image analysis and classification system is presented to discuss the principal composition of the components as well as the methods of its realization in the field of reference based NMR diagnostics and tissue characterization.

PhysicsField (physics)Principal (computer security)Biomedical EngineeringBiophysicsInformation processingSpin–lattice relaxationElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyBrainModels TheoreticalImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingCharacterization (materials science)Spin–spin relaxationNuclear magnetic resonancePattern recognition (psychology)Data DisplayImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRealization (systems)HydrogenMagnetic resonance imaging
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Aggregation behavior of amphiphilic p(HPMA)-co-p(LMA) copolymers studied by FCS and EPR spectroscopy.

2012

A combined study of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy gave a unique picture of p(HPMA)-co-p(LMA) copolymers in aqueous solutions, ranging from the size of micelles and aggregates to the composition of the interior of these self-assembled systems. P(HPMA)-co-p(LMA) copolymers have shown high potential as brain drug delivery systems, and a detailed study of their physicochemical properties can help to elucidate their mechanism of action. Applying two complementary techniques, we found that the self-assembly behavior as well as the strength of hydrophobic attraction of the amphiphilic copolymers can be tuned by the hydrophobic LMA content or…

Polymers and PlasticsPolymersBioengineeringFluorescence correlation spectroscopyMicelleModels Biologicallaw.inventionBiomaterialsSurface-Active AgentsDrug Delivery SystemslawPolymer chemistryAmphiphileMaterials ChemistrySide chainCopolymerElectron paramagnetic resonanceAlkylMicelleschemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyDomperidoneHydrophobeSpectrometry FluorescenceLiposomesMethacrylatesHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsBiomacromolecules
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