Search results for "Electrophile"
showing 10 items of 258 documents
Generation and Oligomerization of N-Ferrocenyl Ketenimines via Open-Shell Intermediates
2016
In the presence of oxidant (Ag[SbF6]) and base, N-ferrocenyl thioamide Fc-NHC(S)CH3 (H-1; Fc = Fe(η5-C5H5)(η5-C5H4)) converts in an unexpected multistep reaction sequence to a novel N,S-heterocyclic ring, which initiates an oligomerization reaction. Key intermediates toward the resulting complicated material are Ag6(1)6 silver clusters of the anionic N,S-chelating ligand 1− and EPR-active piano stool complexes resulting from ring-slipped cyclopentadienyl ligands, as well as electrophilic N-ferrocenyl ketenimine Fc-N═C═CH2 (2) and its ferrocenium cation 2•+ formed by hydrosulfide elimination. Mechanistic insight is achieved using X-ray diffraction and mass spectrometry, as well as EPR and NM…
New electrophilic reactions of 2,2′-bisindolyls with acid chlorides and carbodienophiles
1996
Some new acylation and cyclization reactions of 2,2′-bisindolyls 1, 2 are described. The product patterns constitute acyl derivatives 3, 4, 5 and an aldehyde 7, indolo[2,3-a]carbazoles 6, 14, 17, 19, 20 and cyclopentadiindoles 22 and 24. In the reaction with aryne or diazotated anthranilic acid, a 3-benzoylindole derivative 9 and phenylindolyl azo dye 10 are formed. N-methylmaleimide reacts with 2,2′-bisindolyl 2 via Michael type addition, dehydrogenation and cyclization to several functionalized or anellated indole derivatives 11, 12, 13 and 14, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Conjugate Addition of Organolithium Reagents to α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids.
2010
Abstract Conjugate addition of primary, secondary, tertiary alkyl and phenyl lithium reagents to 2-alkenoic acids affords good yields of branched saturated carboxylic acids. Methyl groups at the α- and β-carbon of the 2-alkenoic acid decrease reactivity as acceptors, and foster deprotonation, respectively. The lithium enediolate resulting from the conjugate addition can react with electrophiles. PM3 calculations are in agreement with the substituent effects.
An analysis of the regioselectivity of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of benzonitrile n-oxides based on global and local electrophilicity and nu…
2009
The regioselectivity of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (13DC) reactions of benzonitrile N-oxides (BNOs) with electrophilic and nucleophilic alkenes has been analyzed by using global and local nucleophilicity and electrophilicity reactivity indices defined within the conceptual DFT. The BNOs react with electron-deficient and electron-rich ethylenes, but the regioselectivities of these polar reactions are different. Whereas the reactions with electron-rich ethylenes are completely regioselective, yielding 5-isoxazolines, a change in the regioselectivity is observed in the reactions with electron-deficient ethylenes, which yield a mixture of 4- and 5-isoxazolines. Analysis of the energies, geom…
A DFT study of the mechanism of NHC catalysed annulation reactions involving α,β-unsaturated acyl azoliums and β-naphthol.
2016
The mechanism of NHC catalysed annulation reactions involving an α,β-unsaturated acyl azolium and β-naphthol has been studied using DFT methods at the MPWB1K/6-311G(d,p) level in toluene. For the C-C bond formation step, which corresponds to the rate- and stereo-determining step of this NHC catalysed reaction, the two competitive addition modes, i.e. the 1,2- and the 1,4-additions, have been studied. In toluene, acyl azolium forms an ion pair (IP) with the counterion chloride anion. Interestingly, β-naphthol forms a hydrogen bond with the chloride anion of IP, increasing the nucleophilic character of β-naphthol and the electrophilic character of the acyl azolium moiety. For the first time, …
Reductive transformations - 11. stereoselective cycloannelation and bridging of the cyclooctatetraene dianionMakromol. Chem., Rapid. Commun. 1988, 9,…
1988
Abstract Bifunctional electrophiles with C4-, C6-, and C8-chains are reacted with the cyclooctatetraene dianion to selectively give novel cycloannelation and bridging products which possess a surprising stereochemistry and are useful starting compounds for further syntheses.
Deprotonation of Fluoro Aromatics Using Lithium Magnesates.
2004
Abstract 3-Fluoropyridine was deprotonated on treatment with 1/3 equiv of Bu 3 MgLi in THF at −10 °C. The lithium arylmagnesate formed was either trapped with electrophiles or involved in a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction with 2-bromopyridine. The use of a less nucleophilic lithium-magnesium-dialkylamide, (TMP) 3 MgLi, allowed the reaction of 3-fluoroquinoline, giving the 2,2′-dimeric derivative. 2-Fluoropyridine and 2,6-difluoropyridine were deprotonated using 1/3 equiv of the highly coordinated magnesate Bu 4 MgLi 2 in THF at −10 °C in the presence of a substoichiometric amount of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine. 1,3-Difluorobenzene reacted similarly when treated with Bu 3 MgLi;…
Synthesis of active principles from the leaves of Moringa oleifera using S-pent-4-enyl thioglycosides
1998
Abstract α - l -Rhamnosides of 4-hydroxy-benzyl compounds with nitrile, carbamate, and thiocarbamate groups occurring in Moringa oleifera leaf extracts and the α - l -rhamnoside of anisaldehyde derivatives were synthesised. Electrophilic activation of S -pent-4-enyl thiorhamnosides was applied for the construction of glycosidic linkages.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Active Principles from the Leaves of Moringa oleifera Using S-Pent-4-enyl Thioglycosides.
2010
Abstract α - l -Rhamnosides of 4-hydroxy-benzyl compounds with nitrile, carbamate, and thiocarbamate groups occurring in Moringa oleifera leaf extracts and the α - l -rhamnoside of anisaldehyde derivatives were synthesised. Electrophilic activation of S -pent-4-enyl thiorhamnosides was applied for the construction of glycosidic linkages.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkylation of Lithium Dienediolates of Butenoic Acids. Regioselectivity Effects of Structure and Leaving Group of the Alkylating…
2010
Abstract Regioselectivity of alkylation of but-2-enoic acids 1 and 2 by alkyl halides strongly depends on the reactivity of the electrophile. High α selectivity results for saturated alkyl halides, whereas poor α-selectivity is obtained for highly reactive allyl and benzyl halides. For reactive alkylating halides selectivity is partly governed by the ion pairing aggregates of the dienediolates. Lithium bromide and the carboxylate generated in the ongoing reaction cause opposite effects on regioselectivity.