Search results for "Elemental composition"
showing 10 items of 36 documents
Forensic comparison of PVC tape backings using time resolved LA-ICP-MS analysis
2019
Abstract Adhesive tapes are common tools for criminal acts such as the construction of improvised explosive devices. Hence, tape samples can be used as evidence to link a suspect to a scene of crime or different crime scenes to each other. A set of 87 black electrical tapes was the subject of a study evaluating a LA-ICP-MS method for the characterization of tape backings regarding their elemental composition in a forensic context. LA-ICP-MS is a powerful tool in forensic investigations due to fast, quasi nondestructive analysis of small samples and detection or determination of elements up to the ultra-trace range. In this study, the development of a semiquantitative LA-ICP-MS method for fo…
Humic Substances for Agricultural Applications: Properties and Challenges
2021
Nowadays, humic substances, the main organic components of soils and many fossil sediments, are becoming a material of wide application in agriculture and many technologies. Elemental, functional and spectral (UV, fluorescence, FTIR, 13C NMR spectra) analysis of industrially produced, as well as reference humic substances demonstrate significant differences in properties of humic substances depending on their origin, and thus, their potential application in agriculture. For authentication of humic substances’ origin, their elemental composition, as well as stable isotope (δC, δN, δO) ratios can be used.
Characterization of Sorolla's gouache pigments by means of spectroscopic techniques
2016
Abstract This paper presents the characterization of the Joaquin Sorolla's gouache sketches for the oil on canvas series “Vision of Spain” commissioned by A. M. Huntington to decorate the library of the Hispanic Society of America in New York. The analyses were focused on the identification of the elemental composition of the gouache pigments by means of portable EDXRF spectrometry in a non-destructive mode. Additionally, SEM-EDX and FTIR analyses of a selected set of micro-samples were carried out to identify completely the pigments, the paint technique and the binding media. The obtained results have confirmed the identification of lead and zinc white, vermillion, earth pigments, ochre, z…
Elemental composition of seasoning products
2007
The elemental composition of seasoning products, like spices garlic and onion, has been reviewed paying special attention to methods proposed in the literature to determine specific elements or as much as possible components of these products which are widespread used in food preservation or food flavouring and can contribute to the intake of both, essential and toxic elements. Sample treatment and metal speciation aspects have been critically revised concerning onion, garlic and pepper (the most commonly studied products).
COMPOSITION OF REFUSE DERIVED FUELS IN LATVIA AND ESTONIA IN COMPARISION WITH WORLDWIDE AVERAGE VALUES
2019
Information about composition of RDF worldwide was collected using literature analysis. RDF samples produced in Latvia and Estonia were collected, those fractional and elemental composition analyzed using standard methods. Comparing obtained results with worldwide data we have found that the quality of local RDFs in general is higher than typical values, while elevated content of chlorine must be mentioned as a problem. Results also show that majority of chlorine in studied samples exists in organic form. Recommendations to overcome this problem have been developed.
Elemental composition of sediments from a former silver mine in Freiberg/East Germany
1999
Abstract We have determined the contents of 48 elements in 11 representative sediments from a former Ag-mine in Freiberg/Sachsen. As analytical method the instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was used without chemical preconcentration. Strongly varying compositions were observed for both the main and trace elements. Of particular interest were the high lanthanide and Th/U contents in these sediments.
The Diagnosis of Disease by Element Analysis
1988
The elemental composition of the human body images in principle the elements of the periodic system. In the literature, about 80 elements are reported to occur in the human body and the number is expected to increase by the introduction of methods more sensitive in detection. The elemental composition in reference man as published (1) is summarized in tab. 1. From the major elements in reference man, the determination of the elements nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chlorine and magnesium are of importance for the diagnosis of diseases. The importance of the element determination for the diagnosis of diseases is also documented by the numbers of element determinations done …
Coverage intervals for trace elements in human scalp hair are site specific.
2014
Coverage intervals for trace elements in human scalp hair commonly provide the basis for interpreting laboratory results and also in comparative decision-making processes regarding exposure risk assessment. This short communication documents, by some examples, that those computed for human hair are to be considered site specific, as they reflect local environmental conditions; also each geographic area has a typical profile of hair elemental composition of its inhabitants. Therefore, the levels of trace elements in hair are not strictly comparable between different areas of the world. This issue is particularly relevant when identification of anomalous environmental exposures are requested …
Trace elements in scalp hair of children living in differing environmental contexts in Sicily (Italy)
2012
We present here data about trace elements in human scalp hair samples to test whether they are valuable to reflect environmental exposure and contamination by trace elements. The study compares contents of trace elements in scalp hair from a total of 336 children, aged 11–13 years old, living in various geographical areas of Sicily (southern Italy) characterized by differing environmental conditions. Nineteen elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sr, U, V and Zn) were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Coverage intervals (CI) formulated by the elemental composition of hair samples from the Palermo subjects were compared with …
Penalized linear discriminant analysis and Discrete AdaBoost to distinguish human hair metal profiles: The case of adolescents residing near Mt. Etna
2016
The research focus of the present paper was twofold. First, we tried to document that human intake of trace elements is influenced by geological factors of the place of residence. Second, we showed that the elemental composition of human hair is a useful screening tool for assessing people's exposure to potentially toxic substances. For this purpose, we used samples of human hair from adolescents and applied two robust statistical approaches. Samples from two distinct geological and environmental sites were collected: the first one was characterized by the presence of the active volcano Mt. Etna (ETNA group) and the second one lithologically made up of sedimentary rocks (SIC group). Chemica…