Search results for "Elevated plus maze"
showing 10 items of 53 documents
Strain Differences in Open-Field and Elevated Plus-Maze Behavior of Rats Without and With Pretest Handling
1998
Behavior of two rat strains was analyzed with and without 1-week pretest handling. Male rats (150-200 g body weight) of the strains PVG/OlaHsd (PVG) and Hsd:Sprague-DawleySD (SPRD) were tested once in a standard open field and an enriched open field and twice in an elevated plus-maze. Behavioral analysis revealed significant differences between the two strains and differential effects of the pretest handling procedure. SPRD rats displayed higher levels of activity and exploratory behavior than the PVG rats, whereas PVG rats were obviously less anxious. One-week pretest handling had an "anxiolytic" effect and changed activity and exploration-related behavior of the animals in both strains. A…
Behavioral analysis indicates benzodiazepine-tolerance mediated by the benzodiazepine binding-site at the GABA(A)-receptor.
2001
Abstract 1. GABA A -receptor induced changes in locomotion and anxiety-like behaviors were studied in rats using an open-field and an elevated plus-maze. Acute and chronic doses of the benzodiazepine diazepam without and in combination with the GABA uptake inhibitor SKF-89976A were investigated. 2. Fifty-six male rats of the strain PVG/OlaHsd (PVG; 180–200g body wt) were used to assess the influence of the benzodiazepine binding-site to the development of tolerance. Rats were divided into six groups: The first receiving saline (0.9%), the second and third diazepam (10.0 mg/kg) daily for 23 days with or without an acute challenge of 2.0 mg/kg diazepam. The fourth group received diazepam (10.…
The high affinity dopamine uptake inhibitor, JHW 007, blocks cocaine-induced reward, locomotor stimulation and sensitization
2009
The discovery and evaluation of high affinity dopamine transport inhibitors with low abuse liability is an important step toward the development of efficacious medications for cocaine addiction. We examined in mice the behavioural effects of (N-(n-butyl)-3Ά-[bis(4Ά-fluorophenyl)methoxy]-tropane) (JHW 007), a benztropine (BZT) analogue that blocks dopamine uptake, and assessed its potential to influence the actions of cocaine in clinically-relevant models of cocaine addiction. In the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm, JHW 007 exposure did not produce place conditioning within an ample dose range but effectively blocked the CPP induced by cocaine administration. Similarly, in the CP…
Role of the amygdala in antidepressant effects on hippocampal cell proliferation and survival and on depression-like behavior in the rat
2021
The stimulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis by antidepressants has been associated with multiple molecular pathways, but the potential influence exerted by other brain areas has received much less attention. The basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA), a region involved in anxiety and a site of action of antidepressants, has been implicated in both basal and stress-induced changes in neural plasticity in the dentate gyrus. We investigated here whether the BLA modulates the effects of the SSRI antidepressant fluoxetine on hippocampal cell proliferation and survival in relation to a behavioral index of depression-like behavior (forced swim test). We used a lesion approach targeting th…
Temporal structure of the rat's behavior in elevated plus maze test
2012
Aim of the research was to evaluate, by means of quantitative and multivariate temporal pattern analyses, the behavior of Wistar rat in elevated plus maze (EPM) test. On the basis of an ethogram encompassing 24 behavioral elements, quantitative results showed that 130.14 ± 8.01 behavioral elements occurred in central platform and in closed arms (protected zones), whereas 88.62 ± 6.04 occurred in open arms (unprotected zones). Percent distribution was characterized by a prevalence of sniffing, walking and vertical exploration. Analysis of minute-by-minute duration evidenced a decrease for time spent in open arms and central platform and an increase for time spent in closed arms. As to multiv…
Multivariate temporal pattern analysis applied to the study of rat behavior in the elevated plus maze: Methodological and conceptual highlights
2014
Aim of this article is to illustrate the application of a multivariate approach known as t-pattern analysis in the study of rat behavior in elevated plus maze. By means of this multivariate approach, significant relationships among behavioral events in the course of time can be described. Both quantitative and t-pattern analyses were utilized to analyze data obtained from fifteen male Wistar rats following a trial 1 - trial 2 protocol. In trial 2, in comparison with the initial exposure, mean occurrences of behavioral elements performed in protected zones of the maze showed a significant increase counterbalanced by a significant decrease of mean occurrences of behavioral elements in unprote…
Spatial learning in male mice with different levels of aggressiveness: effects of housing conditions and nicotine administration
2003
The main aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the possible modulation of spatial learning ability by housing conditions and level of aggressiveness in mice, also testing whether differences in locomotion and anxiety could influence this relationship. Additionally, we have examined effects of nicotine in the acquisition and retention of a spatial learning task in groups of mice differing in these variables. NMRI male mice were either group-housed or individually housed for 30 days and then classified into mice with short (SAL) and long (LAL) attack latency after a pre-screening agonistic encounter. Locomotor activity and baseline levels of anxiety of these groups were evaluated i…
Adolescent but not adult ethanol binge drinking modulates cocaine withdrawal symptoms in mice.
2016
Background Ethanol (EtOH) binge drinking is an increasingly common behavior among teenagers that induces long-lasting neurobehavioral alterations in adulthood. An early history of EtOH abuse during adolescence is highly correlated with cocaine addiction in adulthood. Abstinence of cocaine abuse can cause psychiatric symptoms, such as anxiety, psychosis, depression, and cognitive impairments. This study assessed the consequences of adolescent exposure to EtOH on the behavioral alterations promoted by cocaine withdrawal in adulthood. Methods We pretreated juvenile (34-47 days old) or adult (68-81 days old) mice with EtOH (1.25 g/kg) following a binge-drinking pattern. Then, after a three-week…
Proteomic signature of the Dravet syndrome in the genetic Scn1a-A1783V mouse model.
2021
Abstract Background Dravet syndrome is a rare, severe pediatric epileptic encephalopathy associated with intellectual and motor disabilities. Proteomic profiling in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome can provide information about the molecular consequences of the genetic deficiency and about pathophysiological mechanisms developing during the disease course. Methods A knock-in mouse model of Dravet syndrome with Scn1a haploinsufficiency was used for whole proteome, seizure, and behavioral analysis. Hippocampal tissue was dissected from two- (prior to epilepsy manifestation) and four- (following epilepsy manifestation) week-old male mice and analyzed using LC-MS/MS with label-free quantificati…
Acute behavioural and neurotoxic effects of MDMA plus cocaine in adolescent mice.
2008
The poly-drug pattern is the most common among those observed in MDMA users, with cocaine being a frequently associated drug. This study evaluates the acute effects of MDMA (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg), alone or in combination with cocaine (25 mg/kg), on motor activity, anxiety (elevated plus maze and social interaction test), memory and brain monoamines in adolescent mice, Both drugs, administered alone or concurrently, produced hyperactivity and a decrease in social contacts. However, an anxiolytic effect, studied by means of the elevated plus maze and expressed as an increase in the time spent on the open arms, was observed only in those animals treated with cocaine and MDMA. The passive avoidan…