Search results for "Embryo"
showing 10 items of 1872 documents
Implantation is apparently unaffected by the dopamine agonist Cabergoline when administered to prevent ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in women und…
2007
Background Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a result of ovarian overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor 2 (VEGFR2). VEGF/VEGFR2 binding disrupts cellular junctions and increases vascular permeability (VP), a characteristic of OHSS, but enhances angiogenesis, which is a fundamental step in implantation. In animals, the dopamine agonist Cabergoline (Cb2) prevents VP without affecting angiogenesis. In humans, Cb2 averts OHSS, but a possible detrimental effect on angiogenesis and implantation has not been explored. A pilot study was designed to analyze whether or not Cb2 administration, as a procedure for preventing OHSS, affects the outcome of as…
Early detection of embryonic malformations by transvaginal and color Doppler sonography.
1994
A total of 834 women with uneventful pregnancies were followed prospectively until the 15th week of gestation by TVS to screen for early embryonic malformations. Twenty-eight embryonic anomalies were detected in this series (3.3%). The median gestational age at diagnosis was 11 (range, 8 to 15) weeks. Two neural tube defects were missed by early TVS screening. Two suspected abdominal wall defects were not confirmed by repeat mid-second trimester abdominal sonography representing 6.7% of all fetal malformations evident by 24 weeks of gestation. The sensitivity and specificity of TVS screening for fetal malformations in this series were 93.3 and 99.7%, respectively. In addition, the role of T…
Effect of an intrauterine device on the gene expression profile of the endometrium.
2006
The human endometrium acquires the ability to allow embryo attachment just for a specific period of time during each menstrual cycle. Understanding of the opposite functional status, referred to as refractoriness, can potentially be used to improve receptivity in infertile patients or as an interceptive approach to prevent gestation.The objective of the study was to analyze the endometrial gene expression profile induced by an inert intrauterine device (IUD) at the time of implantation.We used a microarray containing more than 16,000 cDNAs to investigate the gene expression profile of receptive vs. refractory endometrium in the same women induced by the presence of an IUD. We compared the g…
Foetal erythrocytes exhibit an increased ability to scavenge for nitric oxide
1998
The presence of adult human whole blood inhibited in vitro relaxations of rat aortic rings by the nitric oxide (NO) donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP). Incubation with foetal blood containing the same concentration of haemoglobin produced a shift to the right of the relaxation curve. SNAP-induced vasorelaxations were more inhibited by dialysed solutions of haemoglobin than by the presence of erythrocytes in the organ bath, but there were no differences between the effect of adult or foetal haemoglobins. The presence of plasma from adult or foetal blood did not modify the effects of SNAP. Relaxations induced by endogenous, endothelium-derived, NO were more inhibited by foetal t…
Expression of aquaporins early in human pregnancy
2011
Abstract Background Aquaporins (AQPs) constitute a family of channel proteins implicated in transmembrane water transport. Thirteen different AQPs (AQP0–12) have been described but their precise biologic function still remains unclear. AQPs 1, 3, 4, 8, and 9 expression has been described in human chorion, amnion and placenta; however, AQP4 is the only that has been identified in the first trimester of human pregnancy. Objective To assess multiplicity of AQPs expression from 10th to 14th week gestation. Population and methods Chorionic villi samples (CVS) collected in pregnant women for prenatal diagnosis were analysed by real time-PCR to assess cDNA expression of AQPs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8…
Impact of chromosomal abnormalities on preimplantation embryo development.
2007
Objectives To evaluate the influence of numerical chromosomal abnormalities on preimplantation embryo development. Methods This study includes 6936 embryos from 1245 women undergoing preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). Indications for aneuploidy screening were: recurrent miscarriages, implantation failure, severe male factor, advanced maternal age, and mixed causes. Embryo biopsy was performed on day 3, and embryos were co-cultured until day 5, when embryo transfer was performed. Results In the aneuploidy screening regimen, normal euploid embryos showed significantly higher blastocyst rates (68.2%) compared to chromosomally abnormal (42.8%, p < 0.0001) and mosaic (53.7%, p < 0.0001) em…
Early pregnancy loss in women stimulated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocols according to oral contraceptive pill pretreatment.
2007
Objective To evaluate and compare the risk of early pregnancy loss in patients stimulated with GnRH antagonist protocols according to oral contraceptive pill (OCP) pretreatment. Design Retrospective case–control study. Setting Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad. University of Valencia. Spain. Patient(s) One thousand five hundred thirty-nine patients, aged Intervention(s) Reproductive outcome was compared based on the application (or not) of OCP pretreatment: 944 women were included in the OCP group and 595 in the non-OCP group. The Student's t test was used for statistics. Main Outcome Measure(s) Pregnancy, biochemical pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, early clinical pregnancy loss, early pre…
Live birth after embryo transfer in an unresponsive thin endometrium.
2014
A healthy term livebirth in a 35-year-old woman with ovarian failure, hypoplastic uterus and atrophic endometrium after cancer treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy was achieved by ovum donation. The detection of a receptive endometrium using a new diagnostic tool of endometrial receptivity encouraged the medical team to carry on with this poor prognosis case. To the best of our knowledge, here we report the thinnest endometrium to date in which a healthy, full term live birth has been described in assisted conception.
Storage of human oocytes in the vapor phase of nitrogen
2009
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of long-term vapor-phase nitrogen storage of vitrified human oocytes as a strategy for preventing the risk of cross-contamination due to direct contact with the liquid nitrogen (LN). Design Prospective randomized study. Setting Private infertility center, IVI, Valencia. Patient(s) Oocyte donors (n = 44) and recipients (n = 46). Intervention(s) Vitrification by the Cryotop method. Storage of vitrified oocytes in a vapor-phase nitrogen storage freezer and a traditional LN storage tank. Donation of the surviving oocytes and evaluation of fertilization, embryo development, and clinical results. Main Outcome Measure(s) Survival, fertilization, and cleavage…
Age and Uterine Receptiveness: Predicting the Outcome of Oocyte Donation Cycles
2005
The impact of advancing age on uterine receptiveness has always been a concern of the medical establishment. Oocyte donation (OD) is the perfect model for ascertaining the extent of this relationship, but the literature is somewhat unreliable, mainly due to the limited samples on which the studies are based and insufficient control of important variables such as embryo quality.The present work was developed in a private infertility clinic.We retrospectively evaluate the results of 3089 OD cycles that ended up in a d 3 embryo transfer. Severe male factor infertility was an exclusion criterion.The impact of patients' age on pregnancy, implantation, and miscarriage rates and obstetric outcome …