Search results for "Employment"
showing 10 items of 704 documents
Prostitution voluntary or forced. A contribution to the debate
2011
La tesis abolicionista de que nadie puede elegir libremente vender su cuerpo ha sido cuestionada por quienes reclaman el reconocimiento de derechos laborales para los trabajadores del sexo, lo cual ha dado lugar a una encendida polémica sobre el carácter voluntario o forzado de la prostitución. Los testimonios de veintitrés mujeres (incluyendo cinco ex prostitutas), recogidos mediante entrevistas en profundidad, sugieren que todas ellas están situadas en un punto intermedio del continuum que va desde la coerción criminal hasta la opción vocacional. Los pasajes relativos específicamente al itinerario de acceso a este mundo permiten distinguir tres tipos de prostitución en función del grado d…
Competencias profesionales y empleo en el futuro periodista: el caso de los estudiantes de Periodismo de la Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU
2010
Presentamos un trabajo de investigacion cientifica enfocado en dos aspectos: la adquisicion de competencias profesionales en los alumnos de la licenciatura de Periodismo de la Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU y la importancia que otorgan a diferentes aspectos de un empleo. Este ultimo aspecto, partiendo del Informe Reflex de ANECA “El profesional flexible en la Sociedad del Conocimiento” establecemos una comparativa entre los resultados alli obtenidos y el caso particular de los alumnos de Periodismo de la Cardenal Herrera-CEU. Para descubrir estos aspectos presentamos un trabajo empirico para conocer en que medida los alumnos de ultimo curso de la licenciatura de la Universidad Cardenal He…
Modelling the labour market of minority ethnic groups
2012
Abstract This paper investigates the effects, in terms of labour and macroeconomic indicators, of closing the gap between the ethnic minority employment rate and the overall population rate using a computable general equilibrium modelling framework. The labour market has been integrated by indicators related to ethnicity, employment status and occupational class. The policy test has been designed for the UK. According to the results, the policy actions aimed to remove the barriers that contribute to the unemployment of the minority ethnic groups improve not only the employment and occupational status of these groups, but the effects are also positive in terms of aggregate employment, GDP, t…
School-to-Work Transition of Engineering graduates and PhDs in France: which consequences from a new tax credit for employers who hire young PhD grad…
2018
International audience; French governments have taken many initiatives towards strengthening the employability of PhD graduates in the private sector. The "Young Doctors Program" (DJD) was introduced in 1999 in order to encourage R&D employers to hire recent PhD graduates by atargeted measure of the Research Tax Credit. Since 2008, it has provided a substantial cost reduction if firms recruit recent PhD graduates. Our research seeks to address the positive impact of this program by examining the consequences such cost reduction have on the beginning of the careers of PhDs and graduates in engineering. Data from two national follow-up surveys conducted in 2007 and 2013 are analyzed to determ…
La production et valorisation des compétences sur le marché du travail : des approches néo-classiques à l'économie des conventions
2003
This research starts from human capital theory to study the production and valorization of competences in the labor market. Using the potentials and constraints of the neo-classical approach, the incorporation of other areas of economic science as well as other social sciences contributions are proposed. We believe that the key notions economics of education - human capital and wages, are necessary but they are inadequate to explain the level of individual competence or his level of remuneration. We propose a coherent integration of the theoretical and methodological tools of economics of education as well as of the economics of conventions and economics of human resources. And it includes …
La precariedad laboral en inmigrantes en situación irregular en España y su relación con la salud
2009
ResumenObjetivoDescribir las características de la precariedad laboral en inmigrantes irregulares en España y su relación con la salud.MétodosEstudio cualitativo que utiliza los principios de la inducción analítica. Se definió una submuestra del proyecto ITSAL, cuya muestra teórica se identificó a partir de la definición de inmigrante en España y de la literatura. Las áreas de estudio fueron 4 ciudades de España. La muestra final fue de 44 trabajadores inmigrantes irregulares, de 4 nacionalidades.ResultadosAlgunas características de la precariedad laboral percibidas por los inmigrantes irregulares fueron: elevada inestabilidad laboral; ausencia total de empoderamiento en tanto no cuentan co…
Search, Nash bargaining and rule-of-thumb consumers
2011
Abstract This paper analyses the effects of introducing two typical Keynesian features, namely rule-of-thumb (RoT) consumers and consumption habits, into a standard labour market search model. RoT consumers use the margin that hours and wage negotiation provides them to improve their lifetime utility, by narrowing the gap in utility with respect to Ricardian consumers. This margin for intertemporal optimisation has not been studied yet, because this class of restricted agents has been mainly used in models with no equilibrium unemployment. Our approach allows for a deeper study of the effects of shocks on vacancies, unemployment, hours, wages and how they interact. As habits increase, RoT c…
A New Aid Modality for Africa: Old Age Cash Transfers
2010
This paper examines the issue of foreign aid and cash transfers to individuals in low-income economies typically found in Africa. Old-age conditional cash transfers and new mobile banking technology can cope with the well-documented problems related to moral hazard and high transaction costs with such policy interactions. Cash transfers can stimulate old and retired individuals’ demand for the consumption goods and services, and thereby affect product prices and wages. Developing economies being characterised by underemployment and gross substitution between consumption and leisure, these transfers can stimulate the labour supply and increase capacity utilisation and the production of labou…
La conformación del cooperativismo en Brasil: tendencias y desafíos en el Siglo XXI
2002
The paper deals with the subject of cooperativism focusing on a view of the co-operative system in Brazil, as well as the process of formation and consolidation of the models and the influences of the different aspects of co-operative thought. We then present an analysis of the process of economic modernisation and the transformations in the co-operative system in the 70s to 90s decades, and lastly, we analyse the current tendencies and challenges for cooperativism in Brazil.
Crises, Labor Market Policy, and Unemployment
2013
Using a sample of 97 countries spanning the period 1980?2008, we estimate that financial crises have a large negative impact on unemployment in the short term, but that this effect rapidly disappears in the medium term in countries with flexible labor market institutions, whereas the impact of financial crises is less pronounced but more persistent in countries with more rigid labor market institutions. These effects are even larger for youth unemployment in the short term and long-term unemployment in the medium term. Conversely, large upfront, or gradual but significant, comprehensive labor market policies have a positive impact on unemployment, albeit only in the medium term.