Search results for "Endocrine System"
showing 10 items of 1530 documents
Differential Effects of Fluvoxamine and Other Antidepressants on the Biotransformation of Melatonin
2001
Melatonin, the predominant product of the pineal gland, is involved in the maintenance of diurnal rhythms. Nocturnal blood concentrations of melatonin have been shown to be enhanced by fluvoxamine, but not by other serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Because fluvoxamine is an inhibitor of several cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, the authors studied the biotransformation of melatonin and the effects of fluvoxamine on the metabolism of melatonin in vitro using human liver microsomes and recombinant human CYP isoenzymes. Melatonin was found to be almost exclusively metabolized by CYP1A2 to 6-hydroxymelatonin and N-acetylserotonin with a minimal contribution of CYP2C19. Both reactions were potently in…
Isolation of Vibrio vulnificus Serovar E from Aquatic Habitats in Taiwan
1999
ABSTRACT The existence of strains of Vibrio vulnificus serovar E that are avirulent for eels is reported in this work. These isolates were recovered from water and oysters and differed from eel virulent strains in (i) fermentation and utilization of mannitol, (ii) ribotyping after Hin dIII digestion, and (iii) susceptibility to eel serum. Lipopolysaccharide of these strains lacked the highest molecular weight immunoreactive bands, which are probably involved in serum resistance.
Field testing of a vaccine against eel diseases caused by Vibrio vulnificus
2001
The field results of a vaccination programme against Vibrio vulnificus serovar E (biotype 2) in a Spanish eel farm are reported. A total of 9.5 million glass eels were vaccinated from January 1998 to March 2000 by prolonged immersion followed by 2 subsequent reimmunisations after 12 to 14 and 24 to 28 d, respectively. The acquired protection and the immune response against serovar E were estimated over a period of 6 mo after vaccination. A similar vaccination schedule was conducted with elvers in a Danish eel farm. In this case, the acquired protection and the immune response against serovar E and the new eel-pathogenic serovars, recently described in Denmark, were evaluated over a short te…
Vibrio vulnificus serovar A: an emerging pathogen in European anguilliculture.
2006
The spread of the emerging pathogen Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 serovar A in Danish anguilliculture is reported. Serovar A was originally isolated in a Spanish eel farm in 2000 and occurred in Denmark in the summer of 2004, affecting eels of 5-10 g body weight cultured in fresh water. The Danish eels showed clinical signs different from those reported for Spanish eels, such as severe haemorrhages in the head and gill region with necrosis of the soft tissues. Danish isolates were biochemically and serologically identical to Spanish serovar A strains and also highly virulent for eels by both intraperitoneal injection and immersion challenges. Vaccination with Vulnivaccine, a vaccine against V…
Isolation of a new serovar of Vibrio vulnificus pathogenic for eels cultured in freshwater farms
2003
The present work reports the isolation of a new serovar of Vibrio vulnificus pathogenic for eels cultured in freshwater farms. This serovar, named Serovar A, produced two outbreaks of low morbidity and mortality in one Spanish eel farm in September 2000 and March 2001. The vibriosis affected healthy eels, weighting between 10 and 100 g, that had been vaccinated against the serovar E of the species (formerly biotype 2) at least 6 months before. Some of the diseased eels showed symptoms different to those reported for the classical vibriosis due to serovar E. These symptoms included bleeding ventral ulcers together with haemorrhagic intestine. Bath experimental challenges demonstrated that (i…
Screening of Ovarian steroidogenic pathway in Ciona intestinalis and its modulation after Tributyltin exposure
2010
In this study, we have identified several ovarian steroids in Ciona with high similarity to vertebrate steroids and showed that cholesterol, corticosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, estrone, estradiol-17beta, testosterone, pregnenolone, progesterone, have identical molecular spectra with vertebrate steroids. In addition, we have studied the effects of an endocrine disruptor (tributyltin: TBT) on these sex hormones and their precursors, ovarian morphology, and gene expression of some key enzymes in steroidogenic pathway in the ovary of Ciona. Ovarian specimens were cultured in vitro using different concentrations of TBT (10{sup -5}, 10{sup -4} and 10{sup -3} M). Ethanol was used as solvent co…
Single intense prenatal stress reduce behavioural suppression in an operant conflict paradigm in the adult progeny. Influence of Metyrapone administr…
2008
Stressors presented during late prenatal period can have long-term effects on offspring behaviour (1). Indeed we showed that in the rat progeny a single immobilization procedure at gestational day 16 enhances spatial learning in a non-aversive, rewarded-facilitated learning task, the Can Test, and decreases anxiety-like behaviour in the elevated plus maze (2). In this study, we wanted to investigate: (i) the effects of a single prenatal immobilization-stress on the operant conflict task (OCT), an anxiety-related procedure, in which positively reinforced responses are suppressed by contingent punishment (3); (ii) the expression of mineralcorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors (MRs, GRs) in t…
Photodegradation of pharmaceutical drugs in aqueous TiO2 suspensions: mechanism and kinetics
2007
WOS: 000251165800003
proTRAC - a software for probabilistic piRNA cluster detection, visualization and analysis
2012
Abstract Background Throughout the metazoan lineage, typically gonadal expressed Piwi proteins and their guiding piRNAs (~26-32nt in length) form a protective mechanism of RNA interference directed against the propagation of transposable elements (TEs). Most piRNAs are generated from genomic piRNA clusters. Annotation of experimentally obtained piRNAs from small RNA/cDNA-libraries and detection of genomic piRNA clusters are crucial for a thorough understanding of the still enigmatic piRNA pathway, especially in an evolutionary context. Currently, detection of piRNA clusters relies on bioinformatics rather than detection and sequencing of primary piRNA cluster transcripts and the stringency …
Topotecan (T) ± sorafenib (S) in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC): A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized NOGGO–AGO intergroup Trial—TR…
2016
5522Background: Sorafenib (S), a multi TK-inhibitor in combination with topotecan (T), a topoisomerase inhibitor showed preclinical synergistic effects in ovarian cancer but critical toxicity. To a...