Search results for "Endocrine System"
showing 10 items of 1530 documents
Alternative sites for ecdysteroid production in insects
1990
Summary Several evidences have been obtained in various insect species demonstrating that, besides prothoracic glands and ovaries, other tissues could be alternative sites of moulting hormone production. After a detailed review on the various methods of investigation and criteria required to validate such observations, the nature of these sites, namely oenocytes, epidermis and testes, is discussed. Their possible involvement in moulting and/or reproduction is analyzed, giving the opportunity to put forward several new hypotheses. In particular, autocrine and paracrine secretions of ecdysteroids could play a role in localized developmental events, more difficult to control from endocrine gla…
Toxicity effects of the organic UV-filter 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor in zebrafish embryos
2019
Abstract Ultraviolet (UV) filters are widely used in personal care products and due to their lipophilicity these chemicals tend to bioaccumulate in the aquatic biota. 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) is one of the most used UV-filters, and it is commonly detected in freshwater fish tissues. This substance is suspected to be an endocrine disruptor due to its interaction with Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) and HP-Thyroid (HPT)-axis. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 4-MBC on apical endpoints, biochemical markers and on genes involved in endocrine pathways in Danio rerio. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 4-MBC (0.083–0.77 mg/l) from 0 to 96 h post-fertil…
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoarthritis
2019
Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoarthritis (OA) are common diseases that frequently co-exist, along with overweight/obesity. While the mechanical impact of excess body weight on joints may explain lower limb OA, we sought to explore whether T2DM is linked to OA outside of excess weight and whether T2DM may play a role in OA pathophysiology. The consequence of T2DM on OA outcomes is a question of research interest. Methods: We conducted a critical review of the literature to explore the association between T2DM and OA, whether any association is site-specific for OA, and whether the presence of T2DM impacts on OA outcomes. We also reviewed the literature to assess the saf…
Role of exercise-induced hepatokines in metabolic disorders.
2019
International audience; The health-promoting effects of physical activity to prevent and treat metabolic disorders are numerous. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet completely deciphered. In recent years, studies have referred to the liver as an endocrine organ, since it releases specific proteins called hepatokines. Some of these hepatokines are involved in whole body metabolic homeostasis and are theorized to participate in the development of metabolic disease. In this regard, the present review describes the role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21, Fetuin-A, Angiopoietin-like protein 4, and Follistatin in metabolic disease and their production in response to acute exerci…
Recomendaciones preventivas cardiovasculares. Actualización PAPPS 2020
2020
The recommendations of the semFYC's Program for Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (PAPPS) for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are presented. The following sections are included: Epidemiological review, where the current morbidity and mortality of CVD in Spain and its evolution as well as the main risk factors are described; Cardiovascular (CV) risk tables and recommendations for the calculation of CV risk; Main risk factors such as arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus, describing the method for their diagnosis, therapeutic objectives and recommendations for lifestyle measures and pharmacological treatment; Indications for antiplatelet therapy, a…
Clinical Role of CA125 in Worsening Heart Failure
2020
Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between antigen carbohydrate 125 (CA125) and the risk of 1-year clinical outcomes in patients with worsening heart failure (HF). Background CA125 is a widely available biomarker that is up-regulated in patients with acute HF and has been postulated as a useful marker of congestion and risk stratification. Methods In a large multicenter cohort of patients with worsening HF, either in-hospital or in the outpatient setting, the independent associations between CA125 and 1-year death and the composite of death/HF readmission (adjusted for outcome-specific prognostic risk score [BIOSTAT risk score]) were determined by usin…
Endocrinology and physiology of pseudocyesis
2013
This literature review on pseudocyesis or false pregnancy aims to find epidemiological, psychiatric/psychologic, gynecological and endocrine traits associated with this condition in order to propose neuroendocrine/endocrine mechanisms leading to the emergence of pseudocyetic traits. Ten women from 5 selected studies were analyzed after applying stringent criteria to discriminate between cases of true pseudocyesis (pseudocyesis vera) versus delusional, simulated or erroneous pseudocyesis. The analysis of the reviewed studies evidenced that pseudocyesis shares many endocrine traits with both polycystic ovarian syndrome and major depressive disorder, although the endocrine traits are more akin…
Pathophysiology orientated therapy of the aging bladder
2004
Aging is associated with changes of organ systems including skin, bone metabolism and the muscoloskeletal, endocrine, cardiovascular, and genitourinary systems . Concerning age-related changes in lower urinary tract function, the incidence of nocturia and general neurological or vascular diseases with impact on detrusor function are comparable for men and women. However, there are also sex related differences in lower urinary tract symptoms [LUTS) such as bladder outlet obstruction in men (due to agerelated prostate growth) and gonadal insufficiency, multiparity, cystocele or enterocele in women. In addition to the common occurrence of LUTS in elderly people, comorbidity increases with age,…
Diagnosis, phenotype, and prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome.
2006
New diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) suggested three main phenotypes: classic (hyperandrogenism and anovulation), ovulatory, and normoandrogenic. However, it is unclear whether the normoandrogenic phenotype actually represents PCOS. Overall, 6% to 8% of reproductive-aged women suffer from PCOS, making this disorder one of the most common endocrine abnormalities.
Effekt von Calcium und Magnesium auf die Parathormonfreisetzung aus humanem Parathyreoidea-Gewebe in vitro
1982
The effects of calcium and magnesium on parathyroid hormone release from eight adenomas causing primary hyperparathyroidism and six hyperplastic glands causing hypercalcemic secondary hyperparathyroidism were investigated in vitro using single cell suspensions from the respective tissue. We observed suppression of parathyroid hormone release with increasing concentrations of either cation. The quantitative hormone secretions of both adenomatous and hyperplastic glands was identical.