Search results for "Endocrine System"
showing 10 items of 1530 documents
Single administration of tripeptide α-MSH(11-13) attenuates brain damage by reduced inflammation and apoptosis after experimental traumatic brain inj…
2013
Following traumatic brain injury (TBI) neuroinflammatory processes promote neuronal cell loss. Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a neuropeptide with immunomodulatory properties, which may offer neuroprotection. Due to short half-life and pigmentary side-effects of α-MSH, the C-terminal tripeptide α-MSH(11-13) may be an anti-inflammatory alternative. The present study investigated the mRNA concentrations of the precursor hormone proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and of melanocortin receptors 1 and 4 (MC1R/MC4R) in naive mice and 15 min, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after controlled cortical impact (CCI). Regulation of POMC and MC4R expression did not change after trauma, while MC1R levels incr…
Stage-specific inductive signals in the Drosophila neuroectoderm control the temporal sequence of neuroblast specification.
2001
One of the initial steps of neurogenesis in the Drosophila embryo is the delamination of a stereotype set of neural progenitor cells (neuroblasts) from the neuroectoderm. The time window of neuroblast segregation has been divided into five successive waves (S1-S5) in which subsets of neuroblasts with specific identities are formed. To test when identity specification of the various neuroblasts takes place and whether extrinsic signals are involved, we have performed heterochronic transplantation experiments. Single neuroectodermal cells from stage 10 donor embryos (after S2) were transplanted into the neuroectoderm of host embryos at stage 7 (before S1) and vice versa. The fate of these cel…
Gas chromatographic analysis of resveratrol in plasma, lipoproteins and cells after in vitro incubations
1998
Resveratrol is a trihydroxystilbene present in certain red wines. It may play a role in the inhibition of lipoprotein oxidation and platelet activity. We have developed the first method to measure resveratrol in animal and human samples and to study its incorporation in vitro. After adding epicoprostanol as an internal standard, samples are subjected to lipid extraction in the presence of antioxidant and under dim light to minimize both denaturation and isomerization of the trans-resveratrol to the cis-form. Extracts were purified by cold acetone precipitation and the resveratrol-containing acetone phase was evaporated under nitrogen. The resveratrol was analyzed as a trimethylsilyl derivat…
Interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 1 (1q 25-32): Clinical and endocrine features with a long term follow-up
2003
Deletion of long arm of chromosome 1 (1q-) is a rare condition with malformations of many organs (central nervous system, heart, kidney, etc.). Authors describe a young girl characterised by 1q 25-32 deletion, with severe intra- and extrauterine growth retardation, facial dismorphisms, multiple organ malformations. The patient is followed for a long-term clinical and endocrine evaluation, with evidence of hypoplastic hypophysis and multiple endocrine deficiency.
Chronic exposure to glucocorticoids induces suboptimal decision-making in mice.
2021
AbstractAnxio-depressive symptoms as well as severe cognitive dysfunction including aberrant decision-making (DM) are documented in neuropsychiatric patients with hypercortisolaemia. Yet, the influence of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis on DM processes remains poorly understood. As a tractable mean to approach this human condition, adult male C57BL/6JRj mice were chronically treated with corticosterone (CORT) prior to behavioural, physiological and neurobiological evaluation. The behavioural data indicate that chronic CORT delays the acquisition of contingencies required to orient responding towards optimal DM performance in a mouse Gambling Task (mGT). Specifically, CORT-treat…
Diurnal variation of corticotropin-releasing factor binding sites in the rat brain and pituitary.
1996
1. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is thought to be involved in the regulation of the diurnal activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and to act as a neurotransmitter in the brain. To date it is unknown whether the binding sites of the central CRF system are subject to diurnal variations. 2. We measured the number of CRF binding sites over the course of a complete 24-hr light-dark cycle in the pituitary, amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), cingulate cortex, visceral cortex, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and locus ceruleus of rats by in vitro receptor autoradiography with iodinated ovine CRF. A 24-hr time course was also es…
mdm2 mRNA expression is associated with survival in ovarian cancer
1997
Expression of mdm-2 mRNA was measured in 90 ovarian-cancer tissue specimens using the S1 nuclease assay, to investigate a possible association between MDM2 expression and prognosis. mdm-2 mRNA expression was an independent prognostic factor for patients with primary ovarian cancer, FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stages III and IV (n = 57), who all received chemotherapy with carboplatin or cisplatin and cyclophosphamide. Median survival time for patients (FIGO stages III and IV) with no detectable expression of mdm-2 mRNA (n = 14) was 171 days, as compared with 839 days for patients (n = 43) with detectable mdm-2 mRNA (p = 0.0194; log-rank test). However, no ass…
Anticancer platinum agents and light
2019
Abstract Since the discovery of cisplatin, light activation has been employed as a strategy to switch and improve the anticancer effects of platinum compounds. This contribution highlights some of the most representative discoveries obtained in the field of platinum-based photochemotherapy over the years.
Assessing the impact of copy number variants on miRNA genes in autism by Monte Carlo simulation.
2014
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are childhood neurodevelopmental disorders with complex genetic origins. Previous studies have investigated the role of de novo Copy Number Variants (CNVs) and microRNAs as important but distinct etiological factors in ASD. We developed a novel computational procedure to assess the potential pathogenic role of microRNA genes overlapping de novo CNVs in ASD patients. Here we show that for chromosomes # 1, 2 and 22 the actual number of miRNA loci affected by de novo CNVs in patients was found significantly higher than that estimated by Monte Carlo simulation of random CNV events. Out of 24 miRNA genes over-represented in CNVs from these three chromosomes only …
M6_Microfluidics_for_CNT
2018
The hydrodynamic trap holds an incoming droplet until the arrival of following droplet. The previous droplet leaves the trap in very rapid manner.