Search results for "Endometrium"

Obesity and assisted reproductive technology outcomes.

2006

Obesity is a rising health problem in Western societies. It has been related to increased morbidity and mortality rates due to several pathologies. In the field of gynaecology and reproduction, obesity is associated with menstrual disorders, hirsutism, infertility, miscarriage and obstetric complications. It is known to impair human reproduction through different mechanisms such as insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and elevated leptin levels. Weight management and dietary intervention can reverse this situation and improve reproductive function. Obesity can also impair the outcome of assisted reproductive technologies. The lower probability of a healthy live birth described in obese wome…

Cystic adenomyosis spreading into subserosal-peduncolated myoma: How to explain it?

2015

Abstract Introduction Cystic adenomyosis is a rare variant of adenomyosis characterized by well- circumscribed cavitated endometrial gland and stroma located within the myometrium. The cysts usually measure ≥ 1 cm in diameter, contain a “chocolate-colored” fluid and do not open into the overlaying endometrium. Case presentation We present a case of a peduncolated-subserosal cystic adenomyoma, namely cystic adenomyosis, correlated with pelvic MR imaging, laparoscopic surgery technique and histopathology findings. Conclusions In this case, the peculiar growth pattern of cystic adenomyosis in a myoma represents a singular condition rarely reported in the medical literature. We therefore suppor…

The role of the leptin in reproduction.

2006

Since its discovery in 1994, leptin has appeared to be a pleiotrophic hormone, governing energy homeostasis and affecting many tissues in the body. Numerous pieces of evidence have accumulated showing that leptin potentially plays an important role in the control of the reproductive function.This review presents the major concepts for the role of leptin in the modulation of reproductive function. As a marker of the nutritional status, leptin affects the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis, regulating gonadotrophin-releasing hormone and luteinising hormone secretion, and appears to be a permissive factor in the onset of the puberty. This protein and its receptor have been found in the reprodu…

Paracrine dialogue in implantation

2002

We know that the implantation process requires a functionally normal embryo at the blastocyst stage and a receptive endometrium, but also a communication link between them is needed. This paracrine dialogue between the embryo, endometrium and the corpus luteum are known to occur in ruminants and primates, more specifically endometrial-embryonic interactions have been reported in rodents and primates but not in humans. This process is a highly regulated mechanism and many molecules take part in this cross-talk. Here, we present updated information in humans on the embryonic regulation of endometrial epithelial molecules such as chemokines, adhesion and anti-adhesion molecules, and leptin dur…

Determinants of endometrial receptivity.

2005

Understanding the molecular changes that occur during the window of implantation is fundamental to our knowledge of human reproduction. Lately, the development of microarray technology has allowed this process to be studied from a global molecular perspective. In the last 2 years, researchers have focused their efforts on throwing light on the gene expression profile of the receptive endometrium. The genes hold the key to the development of the endometrium at any stage, and we have focused our work on the window of implantation. The four most recently published works in this field have revealed a long list of genes that are up- or downregulated at the time of implantation. Although these st…

Embryo ATP production can be modulated by maternal mitochondrial DNA secreted from the human endometrium in extracellular vesicles

2019

Mir-661: A key Factor in Embryo-Maternal dialog With Potential Clinical Application to Predict Implantation Outcome?

2015

Implantation resulting in a full-term pregnancy is, by large, more than a passive process in which the developed conceptus is passively glued to the uterus through adhesive molecules. It is the result of a perfectly orchestrated dialog between a viable embryo and a receptive endometrium, through a mixture of paracrine and juxtacrine processes in which many key proteins and growth factors play fundamental roles (Pellicer et al., 2002.) Since their discovery, microRNAs have become prominent regulatory candidates, providing missing links for a few biological pathways in this process, although their exact role in human normal embryo formation and endometrial preparation for pregnancy remains un…

Tumor Size, an Additional Risk Factor of Local Recurrence in Low-Risk Endometrial Cancer: A Large Multicentric Retrospective Study.

2018

ObjectiveThe identification of patients with endometrial cancer (EC) at higher risk for relapse is critical to individualize and better tailor postoperative treatment. No evidence is available regarding the possible association between tumor size (TS) and the risk of local recurrence. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between TS and risk/type of recurrence in EC patients, stratified according to the new European Society of Medical Oncology-European Society of Gynecological Oncology-European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology classification.MethodsData of patients with histologically proven EC who received primary surgical treatment between November 1999 and June 20…

Endometrial and Cervical Cancers

2021

Uterine corpus and cervical cancers are showing, in the last decades, increasing incidence and mortality in industrialized and developing countries, respectively; on the other hand, innovative therapeutic strategies are emerging for the management of advanced gynecological malignancies. Risk factors and predisposing conditions are widely and continually studied; thus, prevention, through lifestyle correction and/or validated screening tests, could represent a promising tool to diagnose earlier and reduce mortality of uterine cancers. Herein, management of endometrial and cervical tumors from diagnosis to commonly applied standards of care and experimental frontiers are depicted so as to pro…

Bioengineering strategies of the uterus towards improving current investigative models and female reproductive health

2018

In this thesis, we intended to develop tissue-engineering approaches based on decellularized (DC) uterine tissues obtained from whole organs to improve several aspects within reproductive medicine. We hypothesized that that the decellularization of whole uteri from different species has not only the potential to, one day, create tissue-engineered, transplantable organs but that the DC endometrial fraction can also be processed further into thin sections, ECM hydrogels and coatings that can be used as a biocompatible tissue-specific substrate for cell and embryo culture. Moreover, we intended to corroborate if the differences in the cyclically and drastically changing endometrium are transla…