Search results for "Engineering sciences"
showing 10 items of 2347 documents
Cell inactivation and membrane damage after long-term treatments at sub-zero temperature in the supercooled and frozen states.
2008
The survival of cells subjected to cooling at sub-zero temperature is of paramount concern in cryobiology. The susceptibility of cells to cryopreservation processes, especially freeze-thawing, stimulated considerable interest in better understanding the mechanisms leading to cell injury and inactivation. In this study, we assessed the viability of cells subjected to cold stress, through long-term supercooling experiments, versus freeze-thawing stress. The viability of Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and leukemia cells were assessed over time. Supercooled conditions were maintained for 71 days at -10 degrees C, and for 4 h at -15 degrees C, and -20 degrees C, without additives or…
Semantic interoperability between BIM and GIS – review of existing standards and depiction of a novel approach
2019
International audience; When it comes to Big Data ecosystems, main technical challenges pertain to defining links between data, information and knowledge, thus reaching interoperability. Interoperability issues are addressed in the context of data curation related tasks. Interoperability is a major prerequisite for achieving data automation, validation, thus fighting counter-productiveness (notably through data incentivisation). The demand for interoperable, reusable and open data is more and more present, thus pushing forward the research for innovation data curation approaches. This article gives a high level description of our approach for bridging the interoperability gap among GIS (Geo…
Effet de l'orientation des fibres des plis adjacents sur la résistance au délaminage en mode I pur = Effect of the fibre's orientation of adjacent pl…
2009
National audience; Ce travail concerne l'étude de l'effet de l'orientation des fibres des plis adjacents à la fissure dans une éprouvette DCB (Double Cantilever Beam) sur la résistance au délaminage en mode I pur. Afin d'isoler l'influence de l'orientation l'étude porte sur des stratifiés particuliers ayant tous les mêmes matrices de comportement global A B D. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent une grande variation de résistance au délaminage GIC et des courbes R selon l'orientation des plis situés de part et d'autre du plan de fissure. Une modélisation par éléments finis permet de mettre en évidence l'importance de l'état de contraintes locales et donc de l'endommagement au voisinage du …
Structure and Deformations of Pd−Ni Core−Shell Nanoparticles
2005
International audience; Homogeneous collections of Pd−Ni core−shell nanoparticles have been prepared by decomposition of metal−organic compounds and studied by several electron microscopy techniques: transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-filtered microscopy (EFTEM), and by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The physical and chemical properties of the Pd shell are supposed to depend on its electronic properties, which are influenced by the presence of the Ni core and by the deformation in the Pd lattice. Here, the interfacial structure of Pd/Ni and the lattice deformations in t…
Eurofusion-DEMO Divertor - Cassette Design and Integration
2020
International audience; The Eurofusion-DEMO design will complete the Pre Conceptual Design phase (PCD) with a PCD Gate, named G1, scheduled to take place in Q4 2020 that will focus on assessing the feasibility of the plant and its main components prior to entering into the Conceptual Design phase. In the paper first an overview is given of the Eurofusion-DEMO Divertor Assembly including design and interface description, systems and functional requirements, load specification, system classification, manufacturing procedures and cost estimate. Then critical issues are discussed and potential design solutions are proposed, e.g.:- Neutron material damage limits of the different (structural) mat…
Carbon dioxide in effervescent wines: influence on descriptive analysis, discrimination and consumer liking
2008
National audience
New Trends in Molecular Techniques to Identify Microorganisms in Dairy Products
2018
International audience; Dairy products constitute one of the most important types of functional foods. Most of these functional properties have been attributed to their complex microbial ecosystem. Moreover, microorganisms are responsible for the broad diversity of tastes, aromas, and textures of dairy products. For instance, many bacteria make a positive contribution to the organoleptic quality of cheeses or fermented milk. However, some other bacteria may have adverse effects, or may even present a health risk from a safety point of view. Thus, it is of a paramount importance to control microbial ecosystem of dairy products. Traditionally culture-based methods have been used for the ident…
FRIPON: a worldwide network to track incoming meteoroids
2020
Context. Until recently, camera networks designed for monitoring fireballs worldwide were not fully automated, implying that in case of a meteorite fall, the recovery campaign was rarely immediate. This was an important limiting factor as the most fragile - hence precious - meteorites must be recovered rapidly to avoid their alteration. Aims. The Fireball Recovery and InterPlanetary Observation Network (FRIPON) scientific project was designed to overcome this limitation. This network comprises a fully automated camera and radio network deployed over a significant fraction of western Europe and a small fraction of Canada. As of today, it consists of 150 cameras and 25 European radio receiver…
Optical remote sensing and the retrieval of terrestrial vegetation bio-geophysical properties – A review
2015
Abstract: Forthcoming superspectral satellite missions dedicated to land monitoring, as well as planned imaging spectrometers, will unleash an unprecedented data stream. The processing requirements for such large data streams involve processing techniques enabling the spatio-temporally explicit quantification of vegetation properties. Typically retrieval must be accurate, robust and fast. Hence, there is a strict requirement to identify next-generation bio-geophysical variable retrieval algorithms which can be molded into an operational processing chain. This paper offers a review of state-of-the-art retrieval methods for quantitative terrestrial bio-geophysical variable extraction using op…
Revelation of aroma potential of grape pomace and spent coffee ground by the use of microbial glycosidases.
2021
The food industry is evolving and tends to reduce its environmental impact, to control its waste and to valorise all of its production. Grapes and coffee are among the main agricultural products in the world and not all of the byproducts resulting from their processing are still valued today. New ways of valorisation are seeked in order to limit production losses. Yet, these byproducts are rich in glycosides, the amount of which may be from two to five times greater than that of the free volatile compounds. Grape pomace and spent coffee ground could be used to naturally produce volatile compounds from their glycosides. These volatile compounds could be useful in the production of cosmetics,…