Search results for "England."
showing 10 items of 80 documents
Limits to Learning: the Transfer of Encyclopaedic Knowledge in the Early Middle Age
2013
Assessing the productivity change of water companies in England and Wales: A dynamic metafrontier approach
2017
The assessment of productivity change and its drivers across water companies and over time is a powerful tool for both regulators and companies when setting water tariffs. Water and sewerage companies (WaSCs) and water only companies (WoCs) provide different services. Hence, their productivity change cannot directly be evaluated jointly. In this paper and for the first time, we provide a pioneering approach to assess and compare the dynamics of productivity change of WaSCs and WoCs. To achieve this, both the traditional Malmquist productivity index and the metafrontier Malmquist productivity index and its components are computed to assess the productivity change for a sample of English and …
Les défis de l'orientation dans le monde (Dossier)
2005
05013; L'ensemble des textes traite des résultats de l'orientation en se fondant sur les notions communes d'efficacité et d'équité. Les textes font apparaître les outils de l'orientation. Ils sont regroupés en trois ensembles et l'objet traité dans chaque ensemble est particulier : l'orientation au collège pour le premier, l'admission et l'orientation dans l'enseignement supérieur pour le second, les politiques d'orientation pour le troisième. Chaque ensemble est en outre organisé de telle sorte que la diversité économique, politique et scolaire initiale soit peut ou prou respectée au sein de chacun d'eux.
Eco-Efficiency of the English and Welsh Water Companies: A Cross Performance Assessment
2021
Analyzing costs and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could be of great importance for the water utilities to supply water services in a healthy and sustainable manner. In this study, we measured the eco-efficiency of several water utilities in England and Wales by incorporating GHG as an undesirable output. For the first time, we evaluated the eco-efficiency of the water production process using robust cross-efficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) techniques. The further use of clustering and regression techniques allowed us to better understand the drivers of eco-efficiency. The results showed that the mean eco-efficiency of the water sector was 0.748, which indicates that costs and GHG e…
Measuring change in health care equity using small area administrative data – evidence from the English NHS 2001-8
2011
This study developed a method for measuring change in socio-economic equity in health care utilisation using small area level administrative data. Our method provides more detailed information on utilisation than survey data but only examines socio-economic differences between neighbourhoods rather than individuals. The context was the English NHS from 2001 to 2008, a period of accelerated expenditure growth and pro-competition reform. Hospital records for all adults receiving non-emergency hospital care in the English NHS from 2001 to 2008 were aggregated to 32,482 English small areas with mean population about 1,500 and combined with other small area administrative data. Regression models…
Neoliberalismo y procesos de privatización 'en' la educación pública en Inglaterra y España
2021
El neoliberalismo desde la década de los 80 ha impactado en las agendas de política educativa tanto nacionales como internacionales con el objetivo de introducir la racionalidad competitiva en el seno de los sistemas educativos. En gran medida, estas políticas introducen mecanismos que ponen a funcionar a los centros educativos bajo formas pedagógicas, de gestión y de gobierno similares a las de una empresa. No en vano, el impacto y profundidad de estas reformas están relacionadas con la historia, contexto, economía y objetivos de los responsables políticos en el poder en un momento dado. Por lo tanto, no podemos hablar de un neoliberalismo, sino de diversos neoliberalismos. En el presente …
RAISE study protocol: a cross-sectional, multilevel, neurobiological study of resilience after individual stress exposure
2021
IntroductionThis paper describes the protocol for an ongoing project funded by the Royal Society, the Resilience After Individual Stress Exposure (RAISE) study; which aims to examine the factors and mechanisms that facilitate resilient functioning after childhood adversity (CA).Methods and analysisWe aim to recruit up to 200 participants. We will use dimension reduction techniques (principal component analysis) on standard-normally transformed individual parameters of mental health, social functioning and CA to calculate a composite measure of adaptive (ie, ‘resilient’) psychosocial functioning. To examine the neuroimmune responses to stress and their relationship with the brain and social …
Does hospital competition harm equity? Evidence from the English National Health Service
2011
Increasing evidence shows that hospital competition under fixed prices can improve quality and reduce cost. Concerns remain, however, that competition may undermine socio-economic equity in the utilisation of care. We test this hypothesis in the context of the pro-competition reforms of the English National Health Service progressively introduced from 2004 to 2006. We use a panel of 32,482 English small areas followed from 2003 to 2008 and a difference in differences approach. The effect of competition on equity is identified by the interaction between market structure, small area income deprivation and year. We find a negative association between market competition and elective admissions …
Interethnic studies of TNF polymorphisms confirm the likely presence of a second MHC susceptibility locus in ankylosing spondylitis
2000
The objective of this study was to investigate TNF promoter region polymorphisms for association with susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The TNF -238 and -308 polymorphisms were genotyped in 306 English AS cases and 204 ethnically matched healthy B27-positive controls, and 96 southern German AS cases, 58 B27-positive and 251 B27-negative ethnically matched controls. Additionally, the TNF -376 polymorphism was genotyped in the southern German cases and controls. In the southern German AS patients a significant reduction in TNF -308.2 alleles was seen, compared with B27 positive controls (odds ratio 0.4, P = 0.03, 95% confidence interval 0.2-0.9), but no difference in allele frequ…
An unpublished De lapidibus in its manuscript tradition, with particular regard to the Anglo-Saxon area
2007
Il saggio offre un’edizione critica e l’analisi dettagliata di un interessante lapidario latino, finora mai pubblicato, che circolava nell’Inghilterra del tardo periodo anglosassone. Nella tradizione manoscritta (che comprende, allo stato attuale, otto codici), tale opera, intitolata ‘De lapidibus’, si trova associata a testi scientifici, ovvero trattati di geometria, di musica, di tipo computistico, sulla natura dei metalli, o ancora i cosiddetti de sphaera ceali e de mensuris. Il ‘De Lapidibus’ era assai verosimilmente destinato ad un uso didattico e si inserisce in quella vasta e intricata rete di rapporti e scambi culturali e di circolazione di idee e di intellettuali che nel corso del …