Search results for "Epidemiologic methods"

showing 10 items of 109 documents

The adjunctive use of a controlled-release chlorhexidine chip following treatment with a new ultrasonic device in supportive periodontal therapy: a p…

2007

Abstract:  Objective:  The aim of this randomised, split-mouth, controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of a controlled-release chlorhexidine chip (CHX chip) as an adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing (SRP) with a newly developed ultrasonic device in supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Materials and methods:  Twenty patients with moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis, displaying at least four sites with probing depth (PD) ≥5 mm and persistent bleeding on probing (BOP), were recruited for the study. The target sites were randomly treated with either a newly developed piezo-driven ultrasonic device VectorTM- or ultrasonic system (VUS) + CHX chip or VUS alone…

AdultMalemedicine.drug_classUltrasonic TherapyBleeding on probingDental PlaqueDentistryUltrasonic deviceScaling and root planingAntisepticPeriodontal Attachment LossmedicineHumansDentistry (miscellaneous)Periodontal Diseasesbusiness.industryChlorhexidineChlorhexidineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCombined Modality TherapyControlled releaseChronic periodontitisClinical trialDelayed-Action PreparationsAnti-Infective Agents LocalDental ScalingFemalemedicine.symptomEpidemiologic Methodsbusinessmedicine.drugInternational Journal of Dental Hygiene
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Treatment of intrabony defects using guided tissue regeneration and autogenous spongiosa alone or combined with hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosph…

2007

The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the clinical regeneration of deep intrabony defects using guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with autogenous spongiosa (ASB) alone or using GTR with a mixture of ASB with a bovine-derived xenograft (BDX) or a synthetic composite bone substitute (hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate [HA/beta-TCP]).Sixty-four patients with a total of 93 intrabony defects of 2- or 3-wall morphology and an intrabony component (IC)or=4 mm participated in this study. Defects were treated with a bioabsorbable membrane and ASB alone or ASB mixed with HA/beta-TCP or BDX. Clinical parameters measured at baseline and 12 months after surgery included IC, bleeding …

AdultCalcium PhosphatesMaleBone substituteBleeding on probingTransplantation HeterologousDentistrymedicineAnimalsHumansBone regenerationPeriodontitisAgedPeriodontitisβ tricalcium phosphatebusiness.industryRegeneration (biology)SmokingAlveolar Ridge AugmentationAlveolar Ridge AugmentationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseTreatment efficacyBone SubstitutesGuided Tissue Regeneration PeriodontalPeriodonticsCattleFemaleHydroxyapatitesmedicine.symptombusinessEpidemiologic MethodsJournal of periodontology
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EPI-CT: design, challenges and epidemiological methods of an international study on cancer risk after paediatric and young adult CT

2015

Computed tomography (CT) has great clinical utility and its usage has increased dramatically over the years. Concerns have been raised, however, about health impacts of ionising radiation exposure from CTs, particularly in children, who have a higher risk for some radiation induced diseases. Direct estimation of the health impact of these exposures is needed, but the conduct of epidemiological studies of paediatric CT populations poses a number of challenges which, if not addressed, could invalidate the results. The aim of the present paper is to review the main challenges of a study on the health impact of paediatric CTs and how the protocol of the European collaborative study EPI-CT, coor…

CT scanmedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsNeoplasms Radiation-InducedBRAIN-TUMORSPopulationMEDLINEEpidemiological methodPediatricsRisk AssessmentRADIATION-EXPOSURERadiation ProtectionATOMIC-BOMB SURVIVORSMONTE-CARLORisk FactorsNORTHERN ENGLANDEpidemiologyMedicine and Health Sciencescohort studymedicineHumanscancerCOMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHYeducationWaste Management and DisposalTHYROID-CANCEReducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryepidemiological methodsPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineEuropeRadiological weaponleukaemiaEmergency medicineCohortSUBSEQUENT RISKCHILDHOOD LEUKEMIAIONIZING-RADIATIONEpidemiologic MethodsTomography X-Ray ComputedRisk assessmentbusinessCohort studyJournal of Radiological Protection
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A screening instrument for a Sicilian neuroepidemiological survey in the elderly.

2003

Abstract We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of a screening instrument developed for use in a two-phase neuroepidemiological survey in Sicily. The Sicilian Epidemiological Dementia Study (SEDES) project will evaluate the prevalence and incidence of dementia, parkinsonisms and essential tremor in four Sicilian municipalities. It is a two-phase door-to-door survey. To identify subjects with possible neurological disorders, in this study, we developed a screening instrument including a symptoms questionnaire and simple physical tasks for parkinsonisms and essential tremor. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was chosen for screening dementia. The symptoms questionnaire and simple…

MaleAgingmedicine.medical_specialtyHealth (social science)NeurologyParkinsonismSensitivity and SpecificityElderlySurveys and QuestionnairesValidationEpidemiologyTremormedicinePrevalenceDementiaHumansScreening instrumentGeriatric AssessmentSicilyAgedAged 80 and overEssential tremorbusiness.industryParkinsonismIncidence (epidemiology)IncidenceHealthy subjectsParkinson Diseasemedicine.diseasenervous system diseasesScreening instrumentPhysical therapyEssential tremorDementiaFemaleGeriatrics and GerontologybusinessEpidemiologic MethodsGerontologyArchives of gerontology and geriatrics
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The nutrigenetic influence of the interaction between dietary vitamin E and TXN and COMT gene polymorphisms on waist circumference: a case control st…

2015

Background Abdominal obesity (AO) is a common modifiable risk factor for certain non-communicable diseases associated with enhanced oxidative stress (OS). The objective of this work was to investigate whether the interaction between antioxidant vitamin intake and OS-related polymorphisms modulates gene-associated anthropometry in a Spanish population. Methods A total of 246 subjects with AO, and 492 age and gender matched non-AO subjects were included in the study. Anthropometric, biochemical, and OS parameters, and antioxidant dietary intake data were assessed using validated procedures. DNA from white blood cells was isolated and the genotype of seven polymorphisms from genes involved in …

MaleAntioxidantPolimorphismmedicine.medical_treatment:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Thioredoxins [Medical Subject Headings]Antioxidantes:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings]AntioxidantsVitamin E intakeObesidad abdominalchemistry.chemical_compoundNutrigenomicsThioredoxinsPolymorphism (computer science):Anatomy::Cells::Blood Cells::Leukocytes [Medical Subject Headings]Risk FactorsGenotypeVitamin E:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleosides::Deoxyribonucleosides::Deoxyguanosine [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Physiological Effects of Drugs::Growth Substances::Micronutrients::Vitamins [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Metabolic Phenomena::Metabolism::Oxidative Stress [Medical Subject Headings]Abdominal obesityNutrigenómicaMedicine(all)AnthropometryAge FactorsGeneral MedicineAbdominal obesity:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Overweight::Obesity::Obesity Abdominal [Medical Subject Headings]Middle Aged:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Models Statistical::Logistic Models [Medical Subject Headings]Waist circumferenceDietaFemale:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genotype [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.symptomFactores de riesgoVitaminAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeVitamina ECatechol-O-methyltransferaseBiology:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Structures::Genome::Genome Components::Genes::Genes Reporter [Medical Subject Headings]Catechol O-Methyltransferase:Chemicals and Drugs::Biological Factors::Pigments Biological::Carotenoids::Retinoids::Vitamin A [Medical Subject Headings]Polymorphism Single NucleotideGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySex FactorsInternal medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Oxygen Compounds::Reactive Oxygen Species [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Physiological Effects of Drugs::Protective Agents::Antioxidants [Medical Subject Headings]medicinePerímetro abdominal:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Waist Circumference [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds 2-Ring::Benzopyrans::Vitamin E [Medical Subject Headings]HumansObesityPolymorphismThioredoxinAgedCatechol-O-methyl transferaseBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)Vitamin EResearchCase-control studyGenes informadores:Disciplines and Occupations::Natural Science Disciplines::Biological Science Disciplines::Biology::Genetics::Genomics::Nutrigenomics [Medical Subject Headings]DietOxidative StressEndocrinologychemistrySpainOxidative stressCase-Control Studies:Chemicals and Drugs::Enzymes and Coenzymes::Enzymes::Transferases::One-Carbon Group Transferases::Methyltransferases::Catechol O-Methyltransferase [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleic Acids::DNA [Medical Subject Headings]Genotipo
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Single-centre, triple-blinded, randomised, 1-year, parallel-group, superiority study to compare the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve ga…

2019

IntroductionBariatric surgery is increasingly recognised as an effective treatment option for subjects with type 2 diabetes and obesity; however, there is no conclusive evidence on the superiority of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy. The Oseberg study was designed to compare the effects of gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy on remission of type 2 diabetes and β-cell function.Methods and analysisSingle-centre, randomised, triple-blinded, two-armed superiority trial carried out at the Morbid Obesity Centre at Vestfold Hospital Trust in Norway. Eligible patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either gastric bypass or sleeve gastrecto…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtySleeve gastrectomyβ-cell functionmedicine.medical_treatment1843Gastric BypassBariatric Surgery030209 endocrinology & metabolismType 2 diabeteslaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSuperiority TrialRandomized controlled trialClinical ProtocolslawGastrectomyDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineInsulin-Secreting CellsmedicineProtocolHumans030212 general & internal medicine1506VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Kardiologi: 771Glycated Hemoglobinbusiness.industryNorwayGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseRoux-en-Y anastomosismorbid obesityObesity MorbidDiabetes and EndocrinologyTreatment OutcomeDiabetes Mellitus Type 2GastrectomyFemaleLaparoscopytype 2 diabetesbusinessEpidemiologic MethodsBody mass indexrandomised controlled trialsleeve gastrectomy
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Towards enhancing research on adolescent positive mental health

2019

The positive mental health and well-being perspective represents innovative public health research of first-rank priority in Europe. Good mental health is both a state and a resource for everyday life. Hence, the concept often refers to a subjective feeling (hedonic component) as well as positive functioning (eudaimonic component). Different conceptualisations of mental health-related issues are a background to this paper, which gives a brief overview of three research issues in the Nordic countries. First, the development in the occurrences of adolescent mental health-related indicators such as life satisfaction, health, sleep, and school pressure. Second, review of Nordic methodological s…

medicine.medical_specialtyResource (biology)lcsh:Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminologymedia_common.quotation_subjecthyvinvointiepidemiologic methodslcsh:HV1-9960henkinen hyvinvointiState (polity)nuoretpositive mental healthmedicinemeasurement toolsadolescentsmedia_commonPohjoismaatEpidemologic methodsbusiness.industryPublic healthmittausPerspective (graphical)General MedicinePublic relationsMental healthkansainvälinen vertailuPeer reviewmittausmenetelmätNordic countriespositive mental health measurement tools adolescents epidemiologic methods Nordic countriesbusinessPsychologypositivementalhealthNordisk Välfärdsforskning
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Hyperuricemia protects against low bone mineral density, osteoporosis and fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016

Background: Serum uric acid (SUA) accounts for about 50% of extracellular antioxidant activity, suggesting that hyperuricemia may have a protective role in diseases characterized by high levels of oxidative stress, such as osteoporosis. We aimed to meta-analyse data regarding bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis and fractures in people with higher SUA vs. lower SUA concentrations. Materials and methods: Two investigators conducted a literature search using PubMed and Scopus, without language restrictions. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used for BMD; risk ratios (RRs) and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for cross-sectional data. Most possible adju…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyBone densityClinical BiochemistryOsteoporosis030209 endocrinology & metabolismBone mineral density; fractures; hyperuricemia; osteoporosis; uric acid; Bone Density; Epidemiologic Methods; Female; Humans; Hyperuricemia; Male; Osteoporosis; Osteoporotic Fractures; Uric AcidhyperuricemiaBiochemistryBone remodelingNO03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBone mineral density; fractures; hyperuricemia; osteoporosis; uric aciduric acidBone DensityInternal medicinemedicineBone mineral densityHumansHyperuricemiaFemoral neck030203 arthritis & rheumatologyBone mineralbusiness.industryHazard ratioGeneral MedicineOdds ratiofracturesmedicine.diseaseosteoporosismedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyFemalebusinessEpidemiologic MethodsOsteoporotic FracturesBone mineral density fractures hyperuricemia osteoporosis uric acid.
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Gut microbiota steroid sexual dimorphism and its impact on gonadal steroids: influences of obesity and menopausal status

2020

[Background]: Gonadal steroid hormones have been suggested as the underlying mechanism responsible for the sexual dimorphism observed in metabolic diseases. Animal studies have also evidenced a causal role of the gut microbiome and metabolic health. However, the role of sexual dimorphism in the gut microbiota and the potential role of the microbiome in influencing sex steroid hormones and shaping sexually dimorphic susceptibility to disease have been largely overlooked. Although there is some evidence of sex-specific differences in the gut microbiota diversity, composition, and functionality, the results are inconsistent. Importantly, most of these studies have not taken into account the go…

Male:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cross-Sectional Studies [Medical Subject Headings]PhysiologyGut flora:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Mice:Chemicals and Drugs::Hormones Hormone Substitutes and Hormone Antagonists::Hormones::Gonadal Hormones [Medical Subject Headings]0302 clinical medicineOverweight persons:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings]TestosteroneProgesteronaGonadal Steroid HormonesTestosteronaTestosteroneProgesterone:Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings]Sex Characteristics0303 health sciencesMicrobiotaIntestins -- MalaltiesMiddle AgedSex ; Gender ; Gonadal steroids ; Testosterone ; Progesterone ; Microbiome ; Sexual dimorphism.Persones obeses3. Good healthMenopause:Phenomena and Processes::Microbiological Phenomena::Microbiota [Medical Subject Headings]Intestins -- MicrobiologiaCaracteres sexualeslcsh:QR100-130Female:Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Climacteric::Menopause [Medical Subject Headings]SexAnimal studiesIntestines -- DiseasesMenopauseMenopausaAdultMicrobiology (medical):Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Sex Characteristics [Medical Subject Headings]:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]SexoSteroid biosynthesisBiologyIntestines -- Microbiologydigestive systemMicrobiologylcsh:Microbial ecology:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Case-Control Studies [Medical Subject Headings]03 medical and health sciencesSexual dimorphismmedicineAnimalsHumansObesityMicrobiome:Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]Aged030304 developmental biology:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Mice [Medical Subject Headings]ResearchGender:Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationObesityGastrointestinal Microbiome:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Overnutrition::Obesity [Medical Subject Headings]Gonadal steroidsSexual dimorphismCross-Sectional Studies:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Case-Control StudiesIdentidad de géneroMicrobiome030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMicrobiome
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Predictors of employees' early retirement intentions: an 11-year longitudinal study.

2009

Background Adjusting work life and encouraging older employees to continue at work has become a common challenge as the workforce ages. Gender differences in retirement decisions have largely been overlooked in previous studies, despite the fact that retirement as a life course event and the experience of retirement can be gender dependent. Aims To explore which personal and work-related psychological factors predict early retirement intentions among older women and men and to investigate the stability of these predictors through use of longitudinal data. Methods This research is based on an 11-year follow-up study of ageing Finnish municipal employees. Data on 1101 employees' early retirem…

GerontologyEmploymentMaleLongitudinal studyAgingmedia_common.quotation_subjectHealth StatusIntentionPersonal SatisfactionPensionsSex FactorsPerceptionHumansOccupationsFinlandmedia_commonAgedRetirementSocial perceptionPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthLife satisfactionMiddle AgedMiddle ageWork (electrical)WorkforceLife course approachFemalePsychologyEpidemiologic MethodsOccupational medicine (Oxford, England)
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