Search results for "Epidemiologic methods"

showing 10 items of 109 documents

Pain in patients living in Norwegian nursing homes

2008

The aims of this study were to describe the pain and use of pain medication in nursing home patients and examine which variables that were associated with pain. Inpatients ( n = 307) older than 64 years from nursing homes were included. Pain was measured with a 4-point verbal rating scale in the self-reported group (SRG) and Doloplus-2 in the proxy-rated group (PRG). The mean age was 86 years (SD, 7), and more than two-thirds were female. A total of 128 (60%) patients were able to self-report their pain. Approximately 50% of the SRG reported ‘pain now’, and of these, nearly 50% reported moderate or severe pain intensity. Better cognitive function was associated with higher pain and receivi…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyActivities of daily livingPain medicationPainNorwegianActivities of Daily LivingmedicineHomes for the AgedHumansSevere painIn patientAgedPain MeasurementAged 80 and overAnalgesicsNorwaybusiness.industryMean ageGeneral MedicinePain managementlanguage.human_languageNursing HomesAnesthesiology and Pain MedicinePhysical therapylanguageFemaleEpidemiologic MethodsNursing homesbusinessPalliative Medicine
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Elasticity as a measure for online determination of remission points in ongoing epidemics.

2020

The correct identification of change-points during ongoing outbreak investigations of infectious diseases is a matter of paramount importance in epidemiology, with major implications for the management of health care resources, public health and, as the COVID-19 pandemic has shown, social live. Onsets, peaks, and inflexion points are some of them. An onset is the moment when the epidemic starts. A "peak" indicates a moment at which the incorporated values, both before and after, are lower: a maximum. The inflexion points identify moments in which the rate of growth of the incorporation of new cases changes intensity. In this study, after interpreting the concept of elasticity of a random va…

Statistics and Probability2019-20 coronavirus outbreakCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Computer scienceEpidemiology01 natural sciencesTime010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciencesRemission induction0302 clinical medicinePandemicHealth careEconometricsHumansComputer Simulation030212 general & internal medicine0101 mathematicsElasticity (economics)EpidemicsPandemicsProportional Hazards Modelsbusiness.industryRemission InductionCOVID-19businessEpidemiologic MethodsRandom variableRate of growthStatistics in medicineREFERENCES
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Detection of spatial disease clusters with LISA functions.

2011

Detection of disease clusters is an important tool in epidemiology that can help to identify risk factors associated with the disease and in understanding its etiology. In this article we propose a method for the detection of spatial clusters where the locations of a set of cases and a set of controls are available. The method is based on local indicators of spatial association functions (LISA functions), particularly on the development of a local version of the product density, which is a second-order characteristic of spatial point processes. The behavior of the method is evaluated and compared with Kulldorff's spatial scan statistic by means of a simulation study. It is shown that the LI…

Statistics and ProbabilityAdultMaleDisease clustersEpidemiologyScan statisticIrregular shapePoint processDisease OutbreaksSet (abstract data type)StatisticsCluster AnalysisHumansComputer SimulationSensitivity (control systems)MathematicsAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryPattern recognitionMiddle AgedSpainData Interpretation StatisticalSpatial clusteringFemaleKidney DiseasesArtificial intelligencebusinessEpidemiologic MethodsType I and type II errorsStatistics in medicine
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White blood cell counts as risk markers of developing metabolic syndrome and its components in the Predimed study.

2013

Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; TRIAL REGISTRATION Controlled-Trials.comISRCTN35739639. BACKGROUND The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that includes hyperglucemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia and central obesity, conferring an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The white blood cell (WBC) count has been proposed as a marker for predicting cardiovascular risk. However, few prospective studies have evaluated the relationship between WBC subtypes and risk of MetS. METHODS Participants were recruited from seven PREDIMED study centers. Both a baseline cross-sectional (n = 4,377) and a prospe…

MaleSíndrome metabòlicaMediterranean dietNeutrophilsEpidemiologyEstudios transversalesMetabolic disorders:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged::Aged 80 and over [Medical Subject Headings]Disease:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings]Diet Mediterranean:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Leukocyte CountLymphocitesRisk FactorsBlood plasmaPathologyMedicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyAged 80 and overMetabolic SyndromeClinical ChemistryMultidisciplinary:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Nutrition Therapy::Diet Therapy::Diet Mediterranean [Medical Subject Headings]QRMiddle AgedMetabolic syndromeClinical Laboratory Sciences1932-6203:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cross-Sectional Studies [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.anatomical_structureCholesterolCardiovascular diseasesCardiovascular DiseasesMedicineWhite blood cellsFemalePublic HealthEnfermedades cardiovascularesResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialty:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Longitudinal Studies::Prospective Studies [Medical Subject Headings]Recuento de linfocitosScience:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]Mediterranean cookingDiagnostic MedicineInternal medicineWhite blood cell:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Clinical Laboratory Techniques::Cytological Techniques::Cell Count::Blood Cell Count::Leukocyte Count::Lymphocyte Count [Medical Subject Headings]Cuina mediterràniaHumansLymphocyte CountObesity:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases [Medical Subject Headings]Cardiovascular Disease EpidemiologyAged:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Syndrome X [Medical Subject Headings]business.industryMalalties cardiovascularsRecuento de leucocitosSíndrome X metabólicomedicine.diseaseObesityLong-Term CareDieta mediterránea:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Clinical Laboratory Techniques::Cytological Techniques::Cell Count::Blood Cell Count::Leukocyte Count [Medical Subject Headings]Biomarker EpidemiologyCross-Sectional Studies:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]GeriatricsImmunologyClinical ImmunologyPreventive MedicineMetabolic syndrome:Anatomy::Cells::Blood Cells::Leukocytes::Granulocytes::Neutrophils [Medical Subject Headings]businessDyslipidemiaBiomarkersGeneral Pathology
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Combination of clinical risk profile, early exercise testing and circulating biomarkers for evaluation of patients with acute chest pain without ST-s…

2007

Objective: To investigate the combination of clinical data, exercise testing and biomarkers for the evaluation of patients with chest pain without ST-segment deviation or troponin elevation. Design: Prospective cohort design. Settting: Two teaching hospitals in Spain. Patients: 422 patients presenting to the emergency department were studied. Leukocyte count, C-reactive protein (CRP), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) were determined. A validated clinical risk score (number of points according to pain characteristics and risk factors) was used for clinical evaluation and early exercise testing was performed. Main outcome m…

Chest Painmedicine.medical_specialtyMyocardial InfarctionPhysical exerciseChest painInternal medicineNatriuretic Peptide BrainmedicineHumansMyocardial infarctionRisk factorProspective cohort studyFramingham Risk Scorebiologybusiness.industryST elevationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseTroponinPeptide FragmentsTroponinSurgeryExercise Testbiology.proteinCardiologymedicine.symptomEpidemiologic MethodsCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessBiomarkersHeart
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County-level socioeconomic and crime risk factors for substantiated child abuse and neglect.

2019

Rates of substantiated child abuse and neglect vary significantly across counties. Despite strong cross-sectional support for links between social-contextual characteristics and abuse and neglect, few longitudinal studies have tested relations between these risk factors and substantiated rates of abuse/neglect. The goal of this study was to identify county-level socioeconomic and crime factors associated with substantiated abuse/neglect rates over 13 years (2004-2016). Annual county-level data for Tennessee, obtained from the KIDS COUNT Data Center, included rates of substantiated child abuse and neglect, children's race and ethnicity, births to unmarried women, teen birth rate, children in…

Child abuseAdultMale050103 clinical psychologyAdolescentmedia_common.quotation_subjectPoison controlSuicide preventionArticleNeglectBirth rateYoung AdultInjury preventionDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesChild AbuseChildSocioeconomic statusmedia_common05 social sciencesSex OffensesInfant NewbornHuman factors and ergonomicsInfantHispanic or LatinoTennesseeBlack or African AmericanPsychiatry and Mental healthSocioeconomic FactorsChild PreschoolPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthFemaleCrimePsychologyEpidemiologic Methods050104 developmental & child psychologyDemographyChild abuseneglect
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Spatial analysis of the relationship between mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and drinking water hardness

2004

Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives. Previously published scientific papers have reported a negative correlation between drinking water hardness and cardiovascular mortality. Some ecologic and case-control studies suggest the protective effect of calcium and magnesium concentration in drinking water. In this article we present an analysis of this protective relationship in 538 municipalities of Comunidad Valenciana (Spain) from 1991-1998. We used the Spanish version of the Rapid Inquiry Facility (RIF) developed under the European Environment and Health Information System (EUROHEIS) research project. The strateg…

GerontologyMaleMini-Monograph: Information SystemsHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisWater supply:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings]Disease:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Sanitation::Sanitary Engineering::Water Supply [Medical Subject Headings]Magnesio:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]PreescolarMediana EdadReference ValuesExposición a Riesgos AmbientalesMedicineCluster AnalysisMagnesiumMasculinoChildEnfermedades Cardiovascularesgeographic information systems:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Child::Child Preschool [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Weights and Measures::Reference Values [Medical Subject Headings]AdultoAguaEpidemiologic SurveillanceEnvironmental exposureMiddle AgedHumanos:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure [Medical Subject Headings]Abastecimiento de aguarelative risk:Information Science::Information Science::Information Storage and Retrieval::Databases as Topic::Databases Factual::Geographic Information Systems [Medical Subject Headings]Cardiovascular DiseasesNiñoChild Preschool:Diseases::Nervous System Diseases::Central Nervous System Diseases::Brain Diseases::Cerebrovascular Disorders [Medical Subject Headings]Female:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant [Medical Subject Headings]Risk assessmentAdulthierarchical spatial modelsAdolescentAncianoSistemas de Información Geográfica:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Cluster Analysis [Medical Subject Headings]:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn [Medical Subject Headings]Risk AssessmentCalcioWater Supply:Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Metals::Metals Alkaline Earth::Calcium [Medical Subject Headings]Environmental health:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Metals::Metals Light::Magnesium [Medical Subject Headings]Humans:Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Hydroxides::Water [Medical Subject Headings]:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases [Medical Subject Headings]Socioeconomic status:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Child [Medical Subject Headings]Agedbusiness.industry:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Assessment [Medical Subject Headings]Public Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfant NewbornInfantWaterLactanteEnvironmental ExposureValores de ReferenciaAnálisis por ConglomeradosEstudios Epidemiológicosenvironmental epidemiologyCerebrovascular DisordersEpidemiologic StudiesTrastornos Cerebrovasculares:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Relative riskspatial smoothingCalciumbusinessMedición de Riesgo:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies [Medical Subject Headings]Environmental epidemiology
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EULAR/PRINTO/PRES criteria for Henoch-Schonlein purpura, childhood polyarteritis nodosa, childhood Wegener granulomatosis and childhood Takayasu arte…

2010

EULAR/PRINTO/PRES Objectives To validate the previously proposed classification criteria for Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP), childhood polyarteritis nodosa (c-PAN), c-Wegener granulomatosis (c-WG) and c-Takayasu arteritis (c-TA).Methods Step 1: retrospective/prospective webdata collection for children with HSP, c-PAN, c-WG and c-TA with age at diagnosis <= 18 years. Step 2: blinded classification by consensus panel of a representative sample of 280 cases. Step 3: statistical (sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve and.-agreement) and nominal group technique consensus evaluations.Results 827 patients with HSP, 150 with c-PAN, 60 with c-WG, 87 with c-TA and 52 with c-other were compar…

Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)myalgiaVasculitismedicine.medical_specialtyHenoch-Schonlein purpuraAdolescentIgA VasculitisClassification criteriaInternational CooperationImmunologychildhood polyarteritis nodosaBiochemistryGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyRheumatologyhemic and lymphatic diseasesTerminology as TopicSchoenlein-HenochmedicineHumansImmunology and Allergycardiovascular diseasesArteritisChildPurpurac-Wegener granulomatosisAdolescent; Child; Epidemiologic Methods; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Humans; International Cooperation; Polyarteritis Nodosa; Purpura Schoenlein-Henoch; Takayasu Arteritis; Terminology as Topic; Rheumatology; Immunology; Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Immunology and Allergycriteria; children; Henoch-Schönlein purpura; childhood polyarteritis nodosa; Wegener granulomatosis; Takayasu arteritis; EULAR; PRINTO; PRESPolyarteritis nodosabusiness.industryGranulomatosis with Polyangiitismedicine.diseaseTakayasu ArteritisDermatologyPolyarteritis NodosaSurgeryHenoch-Schönlein purpuraIgA vasculitisSettore MED/38 - PEDIATRIA GENERALE E SPECIALISTICAmedicine.symptomEpidemiologic MethodsGranulomatosis with polyangiitisVasculitisbusinessRheumatismc-Takayasu arteriti
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Urokinase-plasminogen-activator receptor expression in disseminated tumour cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood of patients with clinically …

2009

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the expression of urokinase-plasminogen-activator receptor (uPA-R) in disseminated tumour cells (DTC) in bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) of patients with clinically localized prostate cancer before radical prostatectomy (RP), and to assess the associations with pathological variables and prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS In all, 52 patients (47 with clinically localized cancer and five with benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH, as controls) were prospectively enrolled. BM and PB samples were drawn before surgery. DTC were enriched using a commercial system, cytokeratin (CK) 8/18 was used to detect DTC, and uPA-R expression was detected by dual-immunostaining of t…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyUrologyReceptor expressionmedicine.medical_treatmentGastroenterologyReceptors Urokinase Plasminogen ActivatorCytokeratinProstate cancerBone MarrowInternal medicinemedicineBiomarkers TumorHumansAgedProstatectomybusiness.industryProstatectomyCancerProstatic NeoplasmsHyperplasiaMiddle AgedProstate-Specific Antigenmedicine.diseaseNeoplastic Cells CirculatingPrognosisImmunohistochemistryUrokinase receptormedicine.anatomical_structureLymphatic MetastasisBone marrowNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessEpidemiologic MethodsBJU international
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Obesity and survival in operable breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant anthracyclines and taxanes according to pathological subtypes: a pooled…

2013

Obesity is an unfavorable prognostic factor in breast cancer (BC) patients regardless of menopausal status and treatment received. However, the association between obesity and survival outcome by pathological subtype requires further clarification. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis including 5,683 operable BC patients enrolled in four randomized clinical trials (GEICAM/9906, GEICAM/9805, GEICAM/2003-02, and BCIRG 001) evaluating anthracyclines and taxanes as adjuvant treatments. Our primary aim was to assess the prognostic effect of body mass index (BMI) on disease recurrence, breast cancer mortality (BCM), and overall mortality (OM). A secondary aim was to detect differences o…

Índice de Masa CorporalOncologyReceptor ErbB-2medicine.medical_treatmentObesidad:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Survival Analysis [Medical Subject Headings]Supervivencia sin EnfermedadBody Mass IndexAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsMedicineAnthracyclinesYoung adultMedicine(all)Hazard ratioNeoplasias de la MamaPronósticoFemeninoMiddle AgedPrognosisChemotherapy regimenTreatment OutcomeFemaleTaxoidsMastectomyResearch ArticleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAnálisis de Supervivencia:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass Index [Medical Subject Headings]Breast NeoplasmsDisease-Free SurvivalYoung AdultBreast cancerInternal medicineAdjuvant therapyHumansObesity:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Prognosis::Disease-Free Survival [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Breast Neoplasms [Medical Subject Headings]AgedGynecologyDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industry:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Antineoplastic Agents [Medical Subject Headings]Retrospective cohort studyAntineoplásicosmedicine.disease:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Overnutrition::Obesity [Medical Subject Headings]:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Multivariate Analysis:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Prognosis [Medical Subject Headings]Neoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessBody mass index
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