Search results for "Epidemiology"

showing 10 items of 4214 documents

Center differences and cross-national invariance in help-seeking for panic disorder. A report from the cross-national collaborative panic study.

1992

Help-seeking behaviour for treatment of panic disorder was investigated in the sample of the Cross-National Collaborative Panic Study Second Phase. A total of 1168 patients were entered into this trial in 14 countries. Although there were significant center differences in prior treatment and utilization of health services there were also similarities. Treatment had been provided mainly by general practitioners. Drug treatment consisted mostly of prescription of classical tranquilizers and had a longer duration than treatment by psychotherapy. Patients with agoraphobic avoidance, past major depression and longer duration of illness used medical and psychiatric treatment facilities more inten…

AdultCross-Cultural ComparisonMalemedicine.medical_specialtyImipramineHealth (social science)Social PsychologyEpidemiologyPharmacotherapyEpidemiologymedicineHumansMedical prescriptionPsychiatryDepression (differential diagnoses)Alprazolambusiness.industryPanic disorderIncidencePanicPatient Acceptance of Health Caremedicine.diseaseHelp-seekingPsychiatry and Mental healthCross-Sectional StudiesPanic DisorderFemalemedicine.symptombusinessAnxiety disorderClinical psychologySocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology
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OXA-163-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Cairo, Egypt, in 2009 and 2010

2012

ABSTRACT Two genetically unrelated OXA-163-carrying Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were identified from two infection cases in June 2009 and May 2010 in Cairo, Egypt. OXA-163-producing Enterobacteriaceae had been previously reported in Argentina only. Both patients had no history of travel abroad. The emergence of this newly recognized OXA-48-related β-lactamase able to hydrolyze cephalosporins and carbapenems is especially worrying in a geographic area where OXA-48 is endemic and effective surveillance for antibiotic resistance is largely unaffordable.

AdultDNA BacterialMaleMicrobiology (medical)Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaOXA-163EpidemiologyKlebsiella pneumoniaemedicine.drug_classMolecular Sequence DataCephalosporinSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicatabeta-Lactam Resistancebeta-LactamasesTravel abroadMicrobiologyAntibiotic resistancepolycyclic compoundsmedicineHumansOXA-163; Klebsiella pneumoniaebiologyGeographic areaHydrolysisSequence Analysis DNAKlebsiella infectionsbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbiology.organism_classificationVirologyAnti-Bacterial AgentsCephalosporinsKlebsiella InfectionsKlebsiella pneumoniaeCarbapenemsbacteriaEgyptFemaleJournal of Clinical Microbiology
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Persistent Endemicity of Salmonella bongori 48:z 35 :− in Southern Italy: Molecular Characterization of Human, Animal, and Environmental Isolates

2002

ABSTRACT From 1984 to 1999, we collected 31 isolates of the rare serovar Salmonella bongori 48:z 35 :− in southern Italy. Twenty-four of the isolates were from cases of acute enteritis in humans. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis showed that all but one of our isolates were at least 80% similar. Our findings suggest that genetically related S. bongori 48:z 35 :− strains are endemically circulating in southern Italy.

AdultDNA BacterialMicrobiology (medical)SerotypeSalmonella bongoriSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaVeterinary medicineHuman animalSalmonellaEndemic DiseasesEpidemiologymedicine.disease_causeEnteritisMicrobiologySalmonellamedicineAnimalsHumansSalmonella bongori Human isolates Animal isolates Environmental Isolates ItalyGel electrophoresisSalmonella Infections AnimalbiologyInfantmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationPulsed field electrophoresisEnteritisBacterial Typing TechniquesElectrophoresis Gel Pulsed-FieldItalyChild PreschoolSalmonella InfectionsEndemic diseasesWater MicrobiologyJournal of Clinical Microbiology
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Influence of family history of NIDDM on basal metabolic rate in sedentary and active women

2011

Aim and methods: The influence of family history of non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) on basal metabolic rate (BMR) has been investigated in 116 voluntarily women: 25 sedentary and 34 athletes without a family predisposition to type 2 diabetes (FH-); 21 sedentary and 15 athletes with a second degree predisposition to NIDDM (FH +); 10 sedentary and 11 athletes with a first degree predisposition to NIDDM (FH ++). Results: The results showed that family history on type 2 diabetes is strongly related to sedentary in women with significant high body weight values and an increased fat mass. There was no significant difference in the body parameters among the athletes groups, confirming the p…

AdultDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Case-Control StudiesBody CompositionHumansFemaleBasal MetabolismExerciseBody composition Diabetes mellitus Energy metabolism Epidemiology Motor activity Risk factors Type 2
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Association of the Dietary-Based Diabetes-Risk Score (DDS) with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (…

2019

AbstractIt is crucial to identify people at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to implement preventive interventions in order to address these pandemics. A simple score exclusively based on dietary components, the Dietary-Based Diabetes-Risk Score (DDS) showed a strong inverse association with incident T2DM. The objective was to assess the association between DDS and the risk of GDM in a cohort of Spanish university graduates. The ‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’ project is a prospective and dynamic cohort which included data of 3455 women who notified pregnancies between 1999 and 2012. The diagnosis of GDM is self-reported and further confi…

AdultDiabetes dietary scoreInverse Associationmedicine.medical_specialtyDiabetes riskSettore MED/09 - Medicina Internaendocrine system diseasesMedicine (miscellaneous)Cohort StudiesFood groupYoung AdultPregnancyRisk FactorsInternal medicineHumansMedicineProspective StudiesDiabetes preventionNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)Gestational diabetes risknutritional and metabolic diseasesType 2 Diabetes Mellitusmedicine.diseaseDietGestational diabetesDiabetes GestationalSpainCohortFemalebusinessCohort studieCohort study
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Nutritional characteristics of a rural Southern Italy population: the Ventimiglia di Sicilia Project.

2002

Knowledge of alimentary habits among populations permits a better definition of appropriate public health interventions. We designed the epidemiological project "Ventimiglia di Sicilia" to characterize the risk profile in a rural village with low total cholesterol levels and low early cardiovascular mortality but with a large prevalence of overweight and obesity, which previously have been significantly associated with total mortality.488 individuals of age 20 to 69 years were included in the dietary survey conducted by a seven-day food record.Alimentary habits were characterized by high consumption of total and complex carbohydrates (respectively 52.5 +/- 7.6% and 46.6 +/- 8.2% of daily en…

AdultDietary FiberMaleRural PopulationGerontologymedicine.medical_specialtyMediterranean dietPopulationMedicine (miscellaneous)Rural Healthcardiovascular risk Mediterranean diet nutritional habits rural populations Southern ItalyOverweightDiet MediterraneanDiet SurveysEnvironmental healthEpidemiologyDietary CarbohydratesPrevalenceHumansMedicineDietary surveyLongitudinal StudiesObesityProspective StudiesRisk factoreducationExerciseAgedCardiovascular mortalityeducation.field_of_studyNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryFeeding BehaviorMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseDietary FatsObesityDiet RecordsCholesterolCross-Sectional StudiesItalyCardiovascular DiseasesFemalemedicine.symptomEnergy Intakebusiness
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Effects of Mediterranean Diet on Lipid Levels and Cardiovascular Risk in Renal Transplant Recipients

1999

<i>Background:</i> Renal transplant recipients have an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. These patients present abnormalities of lipoprotein profile which are persistent and involve an increasing number of individuals, suggesting the opportunity of an early therapeutic intervention. <i>Methods:</i> We evaluated the effects of a 10- to 12-week diet based on the American Heart Association step-one diet criteria, modified with an increased intake of monounsaturated fats and alimentary fibers, on lipid profile and lipid-related cardiovascular risk in 78 normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic renal transplant recipients. <i>Results:</i> Diet led to a s…

AdultDietary FiberMalemedicine.medical_specialtyMediterranean dietHypercholesterolemiaGastroenterologychemistry.chemical_compoundDietary Fats UnsaturatedRisk FactorsInternal medicineMediterranean SeamedicineHumansRisk factorKidneyCholesterolbusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)Middle Agedmedicine.diseaseKidney TransplantationLipidsDietLipoproteins LDLTransplantationCholesterolEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryCardiovascular DiseasesFemalebusinessLipoproteinKidney diseaseNephron
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Strategic responses to intimate partner violence against women in Spain: a national study in primary care

2012

Background Research on women99s responses to intimate partner violence (IPV) has largely been limited to women who have been exposed to severe physical violence with scarce generalisation. This study aimed to analyse how Spanish abused women from different backgrounds and with different IPV characteristics respond to violence. Method Women experiencing IPV before the previous year (1469) were selected from a large cross-sectional national survey of adult women recruited during 2006–7 among female patients seeking medical care for whatever reason in primary healthcare services. The outcome variables were women9s responses to IPV and the predictor variables were personal and social resources …

AdultDomestic ViolenceEpidemiologyDistancingeducationPsychological interventionPoison controlSuicide preventionbehavioral disciplines and activitiesOccupational safety and healthPregnancySurveys and QuestionnairesInjury preventionmental disordersHumansMedicineDones Salut i higienePsychological abuseFamily CharacteristicsPrimary Health Carebusiness.industryBattered WomenPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthsocial sciencesMiddle AgedPatient Acceptance of Health CareSelf ConceptCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsMental HealthSexual PartnersSocioeconomic FactorsSpainWomen's HealthDomestic violenceDones Delictes contraFemaleHealth Services ResearchbusinessClinical psychology
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Studies on the Australia antigen

1972

Australia antigen typings on leprosy and control samples from West Bengal (India) and Angola (Africa) showed a considerably higher incidence of this antigen in lepromatous lepers as compared with other types of this disease resp. controls. By this the findings of Blumberg et al. (1967) in the Philippines could be confirmed. The possible reasons for this observations are discussed.

AdultElectrophoresisAdolescentBlack PeopleIndiaBiologyWhite PeopleHepatitis B AntigensAntigenLeprosyGeneticsmedicineHumansChildGenetics (clinical)AgedHepatitisLepromatous leprosyIncidence (epidemiology)Middle AgedHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseGenetics PopulationPhenotypeAngolaImmunologyWest bengalLeprosyHuman Genetics
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Physical activity and sleep profiles in Finnish men and women

2013

Background. Physical activity (PA) and sleep are related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and their risk factors. The interrelationship between these behaviors has been studied, but there remain questions regarding the association of different types of PA, such as occupational, commuting, and leisure time to sleep, including quality, duration and sufficiency. It is also unclear to what extent sleep affects peoples’ PA levels and patterns. Our aim is to investigate the interrelationship between PA and sleep behaviors in the Finnish population, including employment status and gender. Methods. The study comprised population based data from the FINRISK 2012 Study. A stratified, random sample of…

AdultEmploymentMaleGerontologyelintavatmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationPhysical activityphysical activityMotor Activityuni (lepotila)sukupuoliSex Factorshealth behaviorSurveys and QuestionnairesLatent class analysisEpidemiologynukkuminenlatent class analysisHumansMedicineHealth behavioreducationFinlandAgededucation.field_of_studyunityöllisyystilannePhysical activityChronotypebusiness.industryPublic healthPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthChronotypeMiddle AgedSleep in non-human animalsLatent class modelterveyskäyttäytyminenchronotypeFemaleBiostatisticsSleepbusinessfyysinen aktiivisuusResearch ArticleBMC Public Health
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