Search results for "Epidemiology"
showing 10 items of 4214 documents
Humeral Shaft Fractures
2014
Humeral shaft fractures account for approximately 7 % of all fractures in adults. They occur after direct trauma such as traffic accidents or after indirect, rotational trauma in sports accidents or falls at home. There are two peaks of incidence in the adult population: the young male and the older female. The first patient typically is the victim of high-energy trauma with multiple lesions, a more severe humeral fracture type and concomitant soft tissue damage. The latter patient suffers a solitary lesion and is the victim of a low-energy accident such as a fall from a standing or sitting position. The fracture type is then simple and there is no or minimal soft tissue damage. As pain is …
Epidemiologie von Infektionskrankheiten bei Kindern in den alten Ländern der Bundesrepublik Deutschland*
1991
This study was done to describe the epidemiology of infectious diseases in children living in the old countries of the Federal Republic of Germany. After an intensive search for literature, data about notifiable diseases, data from insurance agencies and a random test from 700 charts of a general pediatrician were reviewed and analysed in a standardized way for their validity. No single review article on this topic was found. Estimates about the frequency of some specific infectious diseases as well as data about notifiable diseases proved to be unreliable and not useful from a scientific point of view. Published insurance data suggested, that infectious diseases may contribute comparativel…
Tumor diagnosis preceding Parkinson's disease: A case-control study
2004
Lower cancer risk in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients compared to the general population has been reported. However, most of the studies were based on death certificates. We designed a case–control study to estimate the association of tumor preceding PD onset and PD. PD patients were matched by age and gender to PD-free individuals, randomly selected from the municipalities of residence of cases. Occurrence of tumors preceding PD onset was assessed through a structured questionnaire. Neoplasms were categorized as benign, malignant, or of uncertain classification, and endocrine-related or not. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated using conditional logistic regression and adjusted for tumor cate…
Health Policy Model: Long-Term Predictive Results Associated with the Management of HCV-Induced Diseases in Italy
2014
Background: This study is aimed at describing the epidemiological and economic burden that HCV will generate in the next few years in Italy. Furthermore, the impact that future anti-HCV treatments may have on the burden of disease was considered. The analysis has been developed over the period 2013-2030 from the Italian National Health Service (NHS) perspective.Methods: A published system dynamic model was adapted for Italy in order to quantify the HCV-infected population, the disease progression and the associated cost from 1950 to 2030. The model structure was based on transition probabilities reflecting the natural history of the disease. In order to estimate the efficacy of current anti…
A case-control study on risk factors for nuclear, cortical and posterior subcapsular cataract: The Casteldaccia Eye Study
2005
. Purpose: To investigate risk factors for nuclear, cortical and posterior subcapsular age-related cataract. Methods: A case-control study was carried out on subjects aged 40 years and older, living in Casteldaccia, Sicily. Twenty-seven potential risk factors were investigated. Nuclear, cortical and posterior subcapsular opacities of the lens were classified according to the Lens Opacities Classification System II. Subjects with advanced lens opacities represented the cases, while an identical number of subjects without or with early cataract, matched for sex and age, were recruited as controls from within the same population. Results: Univariate analysis showed that myopia and iris atrophy…
Impact of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on Metabolic Comorbidities in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
2021
Abstract Objective Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a major risk factor for the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The published prevelance in epidemiological studies in this high risk population exceeds 70%. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the impact of NAFLD on T2D patients in Germany. Methods Using the Disease Analyzer Database (IQVIA), T2D patients with NAFLD diagnosed in Germany were matched to a cohort without NAFLD controlling for age, sex, physician, index year and metabolic comorbidities and assessed for their risk of developing myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral arterial disease (PAD) or chronic kidney disease, as well as the type …
Synchronous Antithyroid Drug-Induced Agranulocytosis and Fournier Gangrene
2018
ABSTRACT: Objective: Antithyroid drugs (ATDs) such as thioimidazoles (e.g., methimazole, also called thiamazole, and carbimazole) and propylthiouracil are commonly used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. A life-threatening reaction is agranulocytosis with an incidence of 0.1 to 0.5%. There are very few cases in the literature showing that the intake of ATDs finally led to sepsis with accompanying tissue necrosis.Methods: We present an unusual case of severe symptomatic agranulocytosis with sudden development of Fournier gangrene in a patient who was treated with ATDs for hyperthyroidism due to Graves disease.Results: A 69-year-old female was referred to our hospital with fever and a sore…
Disturbed Glucose Metabolism and Left Ventricular Geometry in the General Population
2021
Background: This study sought to investigate the prevalence and clinical outcome of left ventricular (LV) geometry in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the impact of glucose metabolism on the incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Methods: 15,010 subjects (35–74 years) of the population-based Gutenberg Health Study were categorized into euglycemia, prediabetes, and T2DM according to clinical and metabolic (HbA1c) information. Clinical outcome was assessed via structured follow-up. Results: The study comprised 12,121 individuals with euglycemia (81.6%), 1415 with prediabetes (9.5%), and 1316 with T2DM (8.9%). Prevalence of LVH increased from euglycemia (10.2%) ove…
The value of total thyroidectomy as the definitive treatment for Graves’ disease: A single centre experience of 594 cases
2019
Highlights • Total thyroidectomy is a safe and effective treatment for Graves’ disease. • It is associated with a very low incidence rate of post-operative complications. • Total thyroidectomy offers a rapid and definitive control of hyperthyroidism and its related symptoms.
Endocrine Disruptors and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Pregnancy: A Review and Evaluation of the Quality of the Epidemiological Evidence
2018
Exposure to environmental contaminants during pregnancy has been linked to adverse health outcomes later in life. Notable among these pollutants are the endocrine disruptors chemicals (EDCs), which are ubiquitously present in the environment and they have been measured and quantified in the fetus. In this systematic review, our objective was to summarize the epidemiological research on the potential association between prenatal exposure to EDCs and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) published from 2005 to 2016. The Navigation Guide Systematic Review Methodology was applied. A total of 17 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review, including: five cohorts and 12 case-control. According t…