Search results for "Epidemiology"

Nuove dipendenze del terzo millennio: l'utilizzo di steroidi anabolizzanti come sostanza d'abuso

2005

Obiettivo. L'abuso di sostanze anabolizzanti si sta configurando come un problema di rilevanza psicosociale. L'uso di steroidi anabolizzanti in questi ultimi anni si è spostato dalla pratica sportiva professionale allo sport amatoriale e ad ambiti occupazionali particolari (buttafuori, modelli, ect.). La letteratura indica l'assuntore di steroidi come un poliassuntore che mette in atto condotte pericolose e aggressive per sé e per gli altri. L'obiettivo di questo studio è indagare le abitudini, le condotte di vita e il profilo psicologico di un gruppo di soggetti che frequentano centri sportivi nella città di Palermo (Italia), per verificare come l'utilizzo sconsiderato di sostanze anaboliz…

Subarachnoid Haemorrhage-Incidence of Hospitalization, Management and Case Fatality Rate-In the Silesian Province, Poland, in the Years 2009-2019.

2022

Little is known about the epidemiology of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) in Poland, and until now no such research has been conducted for Silesia, which is the second largest province with circa 4.5 million inhabitants. Therefore, the current study was done to assess the data on SAH in the Silesian Province, Poland. The study was based on the data obtained from the administrative databases of the only public health insurer in Poland (the National Health Fund, NHF) from 2009 to 2019. The SAH cases were selected based on primary diagnosis coded in ICD-10 as I60. The total number of SAH cases was 2014 (41.8% men, 58.2% women). The number of SAH hospitalizations decreased from 199 in 2009 to 16…

Physiological and physical performance changes during a 20-day winter military training course and its subsequent 10-day recovery period

2023

The present study investigated physiological, mental and physical performance changes during a 20-day winter military training course and the following 10-day recovery period. Fifty-eight (age 19 ± 1 years, height 182 ± 6 cm, body mass 78.5 ± 7.2 kg) male soldiers volunteered. Body composition, serum biomarker levels and performance tests were measured four times during the study. In addition, questionnaires were collected daily for subjective stress and rate of perceived exertion. The course induced significant declines in body (−3.9%, p < 0.05) and fat mass (−31.6%, p < 0.05) as well as in all assessed physical performance variables (−9.2 - −20.2%, p < 0.05), testosterone (−73.7%, p < 0.0…

Assessing the Reduction Strategies of the Italian Measles Outbreaks through Dynamic Performance Management (DPM) approach

Contributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: A pooled analysis of 1018…

2018

Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure. Methods: We pooled 1018 population-based studies with blood pressure measurements on 88.6 million participants from 1985 to 2016. We first calculated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean dia…

How many longitudinal covariate measurements are needed for risk prediction?

2014

Abstract Objective In epidemiologic follow-up studies, many key covariates, such as smoking, use of medication, blood pressure, and cholesterol, are time varying. Because of practical and financial limitations, time-varying covariates cannot be measured continuously, but only at certain prespecified time points. We study how the number of these longitudinal measurements can be chosen cost-efficiently by evaluating the usefulness of the measurements for risk prediction. Study Design and Setting The usefulness is addressed by measuring the improvement in model discrimination between models using different amounts of longitudinal information. We use simulated follow-up data and the data from t…

Educational Impairment in Social Anxiety Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

2020

Tant la Fòbia social (FS) com el Trastorn d’estrès posttraumàtic (TEPT) s’han associat al baix rendiment acadèmic, però els estudis previs presentaven importants limitacions metodològiques. Per a realitzar recerca epidemiològica, és útil utilitzar els registres administratius i de salut poblacionals, com els disponibles a Suècia. Per tal de desenvolupar estudis amb garanties, és important que els codis diagnòstics que contenen aquests registres siguen vàlids i fiables. Aquesta tesi per compendi d’articles té com a primer objectiu validar el codi diagnòstic de l’FS (el codi diagnòstic del TEPT ja ha sigut prèviament validat) per a després explorar, per mitjà dels registres poblacionals suecs…

Changing epidemiology of human brucellosis, Germany, 1962-2005

2007

This endemic occupational disease has become a foodborne and travel-associated zoonosis primarily affecting Turkish immigrants.

Divergent Patterns and Trends in Breast Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Survival Among Older Women in Germany and the United States

2020

Background: Breast cancer treatment has changed tremendously over the last decades. In addition, the use of mammography screening for early detection has increased strongly. To evaluate the impact of these developments, long-term trends in incidence, mortality, stage distribution and survival were investigated for Germany and the United States (US). Methods: Using population-based cancer registry data, long-term incidence and mortality trends (1975&ndash

Psoriasis and Its Impact on In-Hospital Outcome in Patients Hospitalized with Acute Kidney Injury

2020

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease which affects the body far beyond the skin. Whereas there is solid evidence that chronic skin inflammation in psoriasis drives cardiovascular disease, the impact on renal impairment and acute kidney injury (AKI) is still unclear. We aimed to analyze the impact of psoriasis on the in-hospital outcome of patients hospitalized with AKI. Methods: In this retrospective database study, we investigated data on characteristics, comorbidities, and in-hospital outcomes for all hospitalized patients with AKI stratified for concomitant psoriasis, which were collected by the Federal Office of Statistics in Germany between 2005 and 2016. Results: Am…