Search results for "Equality"

Hyvä, paha lähiö : nuoret ja asuinalueella syntyvä sosiaalinen pääoma

2018

Nuorten elämä kiinnittyy usein voimakkaasti asuinalueeseen ja lähiympäristöön. Viime vuosina sekä nuorten sosioekonominen eriarvoisuus että lähiöiden sosiaalinen eriytyminen ovat lisääntyneet. Joistakin ongelmista huolimatta huonomaineisetkin lähiöt tarjoavat nuorille positiivisia samaistumisen kohteita, tukiverkostoja, kaveriporukoita, identiteetin rakentamisen välineitä – ja sosiaalista pääomaa. Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan, miten lähiössä asuvat ja kasvaneet nuoret kuvaavat asuinpaikkaansa ja sinne kiinnittyviä sosiaalisia suhteita. Aineistona on Tampereella Tesoman lähiössä asuvien nuorten yksilö- ja ryhmähaastatteluja, joita analysoidaan sekä aineisto-…

Is Inequality Harmful for North-South Intra-Industry Trade Growth?

2007

Maximal function estimates and self-improvement results for Poincaré inequalities

2018

Our main result is an estimate for a sharp maximal function, which implies a Keith–Zhong type self-improvement property of Poincaré inequalities related to differentiable structures on metric measure spaces. As an application, we give structure independent representation for Sobolev norms and universality results for Sobolev spaces. peerReviewed

Interpolated measures with bounded density in metric spaces satisfying the curvature-dimension conditions of Sturm

2011

We construct geodesics in the Wasserstein space of probability measure along which all the measures have an upper bound on their density that is determined by the densities of the endpoints of the geodesic. Using these geodesics we show that a local Poincar\'e inequality and the measure contraction property follow from the Ricci curvature bounds defined by Sturm. We also show for a large class of convex functionals that a local Poincar\'e inequality is implied by the weak displacement convexity of the functional.

Effects of the Blair/Brown NHS Reforms on Socioeconomic Equity in Health Care

2012

The central objectives of the ‘Blair/Brown’ reforms of the English NHS in the 2000s were to reduce hospital waiting times and improve the quality of care. However, critics raised concerns that the choice and competition elements of reform might undermine socioeconomic equity in health care. By contrast, the architects of reform predicted that accelerated growth in NHS spending combined with increased patient choice of hospital would enhance equity for poorer patients. This paper draws together and discusses the findings of three large-scale national studies designed to shed empirical light on this issue. Study one developed methods for monitoring change in neighbourhood level socioeconomic…

A Hidden Curriculum? Coeducation and Gender Identity

2000

Different subjects, in particular, are shown to be gendered, and it is a feet that children invest and excel in subject matters in accordance with their sex. Findings cm the reinforcement of gender stereotypes are more convergent with studies showing much more clear-cut differences in attitude between boys and girls in mixed groups. Coeducation holds back intellectual and personal development because it gives particular cogency to the cognitive processes of gender categorisation not only of fields and professions, but also of one's self and of others. Most importantly, probably, is the socialisation process that takes place simply through the cohabitation of the two groups, with their suppo…

National level wealth inequality and socioeconomic inequality in adolescent mental wellbeing

2020

Abstract Background Previous research established a positive association between national income inequality and socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent health, but little is known about the extent to which national level inequalities in accumulated financial resources (i.e. wealth) are associated with these health inequalities. Therefore, we examined the association between national wealth inequality and income inequality and socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent mental wellbeing. Methods Data were from 17 countries participating in three successive waves (2010, 2014 and 2018) of the cross-sectional Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. We combined individual-level data…

Agents of change: Women in top management and corporate environmental performance

2020

International audience; We analyze the influence of gender diversity in top management on the environmental performance of French firms. Consistent with gender socialization theory, which posits that women are raised from childhood to be more nurturing and compassionate for others, we find that firms with more women in top management exhibit higher environmental performance. This result extends those already reported in the literature regarding the effect of gender diversity at board level. We also show that women in top management are associated with several key indicators such as development of eco‐friendly products and commitment to resource reduction. Furthermore, we find that the influ…

Gaming is related to enhanced working memory performance and task-related cortical activity

2017

Gaming experience has been suggested to lead to performance enhancements in a wide variety of working memory tasks. Previous studies have, however, mostly focused on adult expert gamers and have not included measurements of both behavioral performance and brain activity. In the current study, 167 adolescents and young adults (aged 13–24 years) with different amounts of gaming experience performed an n-back working memory task with vowels, with the sensory modality of the vowel stream switching between audition and vision at random intervals. We studied the relationship between self-reported daily gaming activity, working memory (n-back) task performance and related brain activity measured u…

Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systema…

2020

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