Search results for "Equality"

showing 10 items of 1338 documents

Micro-investment perspective and the potential of the universal basic income

2018

In this article, we explore the prospects of Basic Income (BI) as a development policy tool. Our approach is to analyse the BI as a tool for promoting micro-investments and as a general development policy instrument, thus deliberately departing from the perception of cash transfers as targeted poverty reduction tools. As experiences in testing BI systems in developing country contexts are limited to local and regional experiments in Namibia and India (Haarmann et al., 2009; Haarmann & Haarmann, 2012; Davala et al., 2015), conclusive assessments about the impacts of the BI cannot be drawn. Therefore, we aim to estimate potential impacts of the BI by synthesising existing knowledge. This esti…

Basic incomeCash transfersEconomic growthinequalityInequalitypilot programmes050204 development studiesmedia_common.quotation_subjectGeography Planning and Developmentmicro-investmentsocial cash transfersDeveloping countryManagement Monitoring Policy and LawDevelopment0502 economics and businessSimilarity (psychology)Economicspilotointi050207 economicsmedia_commonEstimationPublic economicsperustulo05 social sciencesmikroinvestoinnitta5142kansalaispalkkaInvestment (macroeconomics)investoinnitbasic incomeCasheriarvoisuusDevelopment Policy Review
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Knowledge, attitudes, and practices about homelessness and willingness-to-pay for housing-first across 8 European countries: a survey protocol

2018

Contains fulltext : 200223.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Background: Most European countries report rising numbers of people experiencing homelessness. For those with mental disorders, interventions are centered on achieving mental health and drug rehabilitation alongside housing readiness, often to the detriment of access to housing. Notwithstanding, more European countries are investing in a new model, Housing First (HF), which postulates immediate access to permanent housing with no initial requirements for treatment. While results of the European HF programs are published on individual-level data, little is known about the opinions of the general population about homelessness…

Bidding game; Contingent valuation; Europe; Homelessness; HousingFirst; Knowledge attitudes practices (KAP); Public opinion; Willingness-to-pay (WTP); Public Health Environmental and Occupational HealthHousing FirstPopulationPsychological interventionPractices (KAP)Healthcare improvement science Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 18]practices (KAP)Study Protocol03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineWillingness to payPolitical scienceKnowledge attitudes practices (KAP)Contingent valuation030212 general & internal medicine10. No inequalityeducationSocioeconomicsPublic opinionHealth policyValuation (finance)Contingent valuationeducation.field_of_studyattitudes030505 public healthWillingness-to-pay (WTP)HousingFirstlcsh:Public aspects of medicineHousing firstEnvironmental and Occupational Health1. No povertyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthlcsh:RA1-1270HomelessnessHousing First3. Good healthEuropeKnowledgeAttitudesRespondentBidding gameHousing FirstPublic Health0305 other medical science
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ROLES DE GÉNERO Y AGRESIVIDAD EN LA ADOLESCENCIA

2016

Abstract:GENDER ROLES AND AGGRESSIVENESS IN ADOLESCENCEAdolescent and Young violence remains a concern which damages their biopsychosocial development and involves several factors. The binomial sex-gender has revealed considerable influence on aggressive behavior among adolescents. In order to study in depth our knowledge about these variables, this study analyzes the relation between gender category (masculinity, feminity, adrogyny or undifferentiated) and sex (men or women) to adolescent aggressiveness. For this purpose, by the Spanish adaptation of Sexual Role Inventory by Bem (García-Mina Freire, 2004) and the Cuestionario de Información, Actitudes y Comportamientos relacionados con la …

Biopsychosocial modelGender inequalityviolenciamedia_common.quotation_subjectlcsh:BF1-99005 social sciencesadolescentes050301 education050109 social psychologyGender studiesDevelopmental psychologylcsh:PsychologysexoMasculinityPreventive intervention0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPsychology0503 educationgéneromedia_commonInternational Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología.
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On the lattice of prefix codes

2002

AbstractThe natural correspondence between prefix codes and trees is explored, generalizing the results obtained in Giammarresi et al. (Theoret. Comput. Sci. 205 (1998) 1459) for the lattice of finite trees under division and the lattice of finite maximal prefix codes. Joins and meets of prefix codes are studied in this light in connection with such concepts as finiteness, maximality and varieties of rational languages. Decidability results are obtained for several problems involving rational prefix codes, including the solution to the primeness problem.

Block codeDiscrete mathematicsPrefix codeGeneral Computer ScienceRational languagesJoinsKraft's inequalityDecidabilityTheoretical Computer SciencePrefixCombinatoricsLattice (order)Computer Science::Formal Languages and Automata TheoryMathematicsComputer Science(all)Theoretical Computer Science
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On the decomposition of prefix codes

2017

Abstract In this paper we focus on the decomposition of rational and maximal prefix codes. We present an effective procedure that allows us to decide whether such a code is decomposable. In this case, the procedure also produces the factors of some of its decompositions. We also give partial results on the problem of deciding whether a rational maximal prefix code decomposes over a finite prefix code.

Block codePrefix codeGeneral Computer ScienceComputer science0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technologyPrefix grammarKraft's inequality01 natural sciencesPrefix codeTheoretical Computer SciencePrefix codes; Finite automata; Composition of codesComposition of codes0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringDiscrete mathematicsSelf-synchronizing codeFinite-state machineSettore INF/01 - InformaticaComputer Science (all)Rational languageLinear codePrefixComposition of code010201 computation theory & mathematicsPrefix codes020201 artificial intelligence & image processingFinite automataComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata Theory
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Uniqueness of diffusion on domains with rough boundaries

2016

Let $\Omega$ be a domain in $\mathbf R^d$ and $h(\varphi)=\sum^d_{k,l=1}(\partial_k\varphi, c_{kl}\partial_l\varphi)$ a quadratic form on $L_2(\Omega)$ with domain $C_c^\infty(\Omega)$ where the $c_{kl}$ are real symmetric $L_\infty(\Omega)$-functions with $C(x)=(c_{kl}(x))>0$ for almost all $x\in \Omega$. Further assume there are $a, \delta>0$ such that $a^{-1}d_\Gamma^{\delta}\,I\le C\le a\,d_\Gamma^{\delta}\,I$ for $d_\Gamma\le 1$ where $d_\Gamma$ is the Euclidean distance to the boundary $\Gamma$ of $\Omega$. We assume that $\Gamma$ is Ahlfors $s$-regular and if $s$, the Hausdorff dimension of $\Gamma$, is larger or equal to $d-1$ we also assume a mild uniformity property for $\Omega$ i…

Boundary (topology)01 natural sciencesAhlfors regularityCombinatoricsMarkov uniquenessMathematics - Analysis of PDEsHardy inequalityFOS: MathematicsUniqueness0101 mathematicsMathematicsDiscrete mathematicsDirichlet formApplied Mathematicsta111010102 general mathematicsNeighbourhood (graph theory)Lipschitz continuity47D07 35J70 35K65010101 applied mathematicsQuadratic formHausdorff dimensionDomain (ring theory)AnalysisAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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Educación formal e informal en confinamiento : una creciente desigualdad de oportunidades de aprendizaje

2021

El cierre de escuelas en Cataluña para contener los efectos de la COVID-19 obligó a las escuelas y las familias a reaccionar en poco tiempo y sin planificación previa ante un nuevo escenario de enseñanza. Este artículo evalúa el impacto del cierre escolar sobre la desigualdad de aprendizaje entre niños de diferentes contextos sociales en Cataluña. A partir de los datos de una encuesta en línea realizada entre el 26 y el 30 de marzo (n = 35.419) a familias con hijos entre 3 y 18 años, nuestro análisis muestra que las oportunidades de aprendizaje varían significativamente en función de las características del alumnado. Durante el confinamiento, algunas escuelas consiguieron adaptarse a las nu…

Bretxa digitalActivitats extraescolarsCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Desigualtat socialEducational qualityStudent activitiesSocial inequalityGeneral EngineeringNon-formal education:SOCIOLOGÍA [UNESCO]DisadvantagedLearning opportunitiesDigital divideCapital (economics)UNESCO::SOCIOLOGÍAPedagogyEducació no-formalSociologySocioeconomic status
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Environment, wealth, inequality and the burden of disease in the Accra metropolitan area, Ghana

2005

The study examines environmental problems and adverse impacts on the health of urban households in the Accra metropolitan area, Ghana. Accra is faced with severe inadequacy of urban infrastructure in the face of rapid population growth in the metropolis. More than half of the city's population do not have access to solid waste collection services. Only 39.8% of households have indoor pipe and over 35.0% of households depend on unsanitary public latrines whilst 2.5% do not have access to toilet facilities. Human excrement, garbage and wastewater are usually deposited in surface drains, open spaces and streams in poor neighbourhoods. The resultant poor sanitation has serious health impacts as…

Burden of diseasemedicine.medical_specialtyUrban PopulationInequalitySanitationHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesismedia_common.quotation_subjectWater supplyGhanaWaste Disposal FluidCost of IllnessWater SupplyEnvironmental healthmedicineHumansCookingSanitationPovertymedia_commonPovertybusiness.industryPublic healthPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineHealth SurveysPollutionMetropolitan areaRefuse DisposalGeographySocial ConditionsAir Pollution IndoorIncomePublic HealthbusinessWaste disposalInternational Journal of Environmental Health Research
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Measuring Observable Quantum Contextuality

2016

Contextuality is a central property in comparative analysis of classical, quantum, and supercorrelated systems. We examine and compare two well-motivated approaches to contextuality. One approach (“contextuality-by-default”) is based on the idea that one and the same physical property measured under different conditions (contexts) is represented by different random variables. The other approach is based on the idea that while a physical property is represented by a single random variable irrespective of its context, the joint distributions of the random variables describing the system can involve negative (quasi-)probabilities. We show that in the Leggett-Garg and EPR-Bell systems, the two …

CHSH inequalityObservableContext (language use)16. Peace & justice01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasTheoretical physicsNegative probabilityJoint probability distribution0103 physical sciencesStatistical physics010306 general physicsQuantum contextualityRandom variableQuantumMathematics
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Analysis of Profiles of Family Educational Situations during COVID-19 Lockdown in the Valencian Community (Spain)

2022

Due to the pandemic (COVID-19), the education system in Spain was forced to close for three months, creating an unprecedented situation: improvised distance schooling. Family characteristics and their life situations with Information and Communication Technology use would be aspects to be studied as educational conditioning factors. This paper presents the ways in which a representative sample of families in the Valencian Community (Spain) assumed the education of their children during the lockdown. Mixed methods (quantitative -surveys-/qualitative -focus groups-) are used. Multivariate profiles are studied (k-means cluster) that summarise the life circumstances, represented by composite in…

COVID-19; school at home; inequality gaps; teaching methodology; family participation; ICTTecnologia de la informacióGeneral Social SciencesFamília i escolaVirusEnsenyament
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