Search results for "Eruption"

showing 10 items of 199 documents

Volatiles in pantellerite magmas: A case study of the Green Tuff Plinian eruption (Island of Pantelleria, Italy)

2013

Abstract The Green Tuff (GT) Plinian eruption, the largest in magnitude at Pantelleria, erupted 3 to 7 km3 DRE of pantellerite magma and a small volume of trachyte. Fifty-nine anorthoclase-hosted melt inclusions from the two basal pumice members were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy in order to assess the pre-eruptive H2O content in the pantellerite melt. Microanalytical methods were used to determine major element, Cl, F and S contents. Melt inclusions and glassy groundmasses have a nearly homogeneous pantelleritic composition (peralkaline index = 1.9-2.2) and variable water contents ranging from 1.4 to as high as 4.2 wt %, i.e. much higher than the 1.4 wt % of earlier published studies. The…

LavaSettore GEO/07 - Petrologia E PetrografiaGeochemistryTrachyteMagma chamberStrombolian eruptionGeophysicsEffusive eruptionGeochemistry and PetrologyPumiceMagmaThe Green Tuff (GT) Plinian eruption the largest in magnitude at Pantelleria erupted 3 to 7 km 3 DRE of pantellerite magma and a small volume of trachyte. Fifty-nine anorthoclase-hosted melt inclusions from the two basal pumice members were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy in order to assess the pre-eruptive H2Ocontent in the pantellerite melt. Microanalytical methods were used to determine major element Cl F and S contents. Melt inclusions and glassy groundmasses have a nearly homogeneous pantelleritic composition (peralkaline index = 1.9-2.2) and variable water contents ranging from 1.4 to as high as 4.2 wt % i.e. much higher than the 1.4 wt % of earlier published studies. The chlorine content is constant at about 1 wt %. Combined Cl and H2O data were used to estimate a confining pressure of about 50 MPa (depth around 2-3 km) for the GT magma chamber. The chamber was characterized by a compositional zoning with a dominant pantellerite overlying a trachyte magma. Soon after the GT eruption intra-caldera volcanism was dominated by the eruption of voluminous trachyte lavaflows while pantellerite melt production resumed after about 20 ka with numerous low-volume mildly explosive (Strombolian) to effusive eruptions. Comparison with data from the literature reveals that despite the differentexplosivity the post-caldera Strombolian eruptions and the GT Plinian eruption were fed by pantelleritic magmas with similar water contents. Chlorine and CO2contents suggest that the young magma reservoirs feeding the Strombolian to effusive activity were deeper (h≥4.5 km) than the much larger (based on erupted volumes) magma chamber which fed the GT eruptionGeologyMelt inclusionsJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
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The Eyjafjallajokull volcanic summit eruption: evidences from ash-leachates analysis and ground deposition fluxes

2012

The Eyjafjallajokull 2010 eruption was an extraordinary event in that it led to widespread over Europe. Volcanic processes which lead to eruptions can be investigated by monitoring a variety of parameters, including the composition of ash leachates. Fine-grained tephra erupted from active vents, and transported through volcanic plumes, can adsorbs, and therefore rapidly scavenge, volatile elements such as S, halogens, and metal species in the form of soluble salts adhering to ash surfaces. Analysis of such water-soluble phases is a suitable complement for the remote sensing of volcanic gases at inaccessible volcanoes, like Eyjafjallajokull. The 2010 Eyjafjallajokull eruption developed in fo…

Leachate ash Eyjafjallajokull 2010 eruptionSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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Short-term occupations at high elevation during the Middle Paleolithic at Kalavan 2 (Republic of Armenia).

2021

The Armenian highlands encompasses rugged and environmentally diverse landscapes and is characterized by a mosaic of distinct ecological niches and large temperature gradients. Strong seasonal fluctuations in resource availability along topographic gradients likely prompted Pleistocene hominin groups to adapt by adjusting their mobility strategies. However, the role that elevated landscapes played in hunter-gatherer settlement systems during the Late Pleistocene (Middle Palaeolithic [MP]) remains poorly understood. At 1640 m above sea level, the MP site of Kalavan 2 (Armenia) is ideally positioned for testing hypotheses involving elevation-dependent seasonal mobility and subsistence strateg…

Lesser CaucasusTechnologyHominidsSteppeStratigraphySocial SciencesMarine and Aquatic Scienceshabitat selection010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciences[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/GeochemistryMiddle Paleolithic0601 history and archaeologyHistory AncientSedimentary Geologyraw-materialMultidisciplinarygeography.geographical_feature_category060102 archaeologyEcologyFossilsAltitudeQRexplosive eruptionsHominidaeGeology06 humanities and the arts[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyArmeniaGeographyArchaeology[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/StratigraphylanguageMedicineVolcanoesSeasonsPhysical AnthropologyGeghama highlandArtifactsResearch ArticleFreshwater EnvironmentsVolcanic GlassObsidianPleistocene[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and PrehistoryScience[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global ChangesVolcanology930obsidian artifactsArchaic HumansRiversIgneous GeologyPaleoanthropologyAnimalsHumansHominins[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology[SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/HydrologyOccupations[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environmentSea level0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPetrologyEcological niche[SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonicsvolcano Eastern AnatoliaArmenianEcology and Environmental SciencesSubsistence agricultureBiology and Life SciencesPaleontologyAquatic EnvironmentsBodies of Water900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499) Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499 Archäologie[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Societylanguage.human_languagewax n-alkanesPaleoanthropology[SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studiesAnthropologyEarth SciencesAnimal MigrationSedimentPloS one
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Gender as a key factor in trace metal and metalloid content of human scalp hair. A multi-site study

2016

This multi-site study discusses the content of metals and metalloids (MM) in scalp hair of children, living in different environmental contexts, with the purpose of verifying if hair level of some MM is distinctively gender-specific. A total of 943 hair samples (537 females and 406 males) from adolescents were analysed for their content of Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sr, U, V and Zn. Elemental quantification was performed by ICP-MS. The obtained data identified different metal distributions in adolescent girls which exhibited significantly higher hair concentrations of some trace metals, especially Sr, Zn and Ni, than boys. On the base of the median value, hai…

Male0301 basic medicineCoverage intervals.Environmental EngineeringAdolescentHair analysichemistry.chemical_elementVolcanic Eruptions010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesMiningMetalMetals and metalloids in human scalp hair03 medical and health sciencesSex FactorsAnimal sciencemedicineHumansEnvironmental ChemistryTrace metalChildWaste Management and DisposalMetalloids0105 earth and related environmental sciencesintegumentary systemChemistryUrbanizationMulti siteGender related differencePollutionTrace ElementsSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E VulcanologiaNickel030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureItalyMetalsvisual_artScalpHuman Biomonitoringvisual_art.visual_art_mediumEnvironmental PollutantsFemaleMetalloidEnvironmental MonitoringHairScience of The Total Environment
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A Phase Ib Dose-Escalation Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Cobimetinib and Duligotuzumab in Patients with Previously Treat…

2017

Abstract Lessons Learned Cobimetinib and duligotuzumab were well tolerated as single agents and in combination with other agents. The cobimetinib and duligotuzumab combination was associated with increased toxicity, most notably gastrointestinal, and limited efficacy in the patient population tested. Background KRAS-mutant tumors possess abnormal mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway signaling, leading to dysregulated cell proliferation. Cobimetinib blocks MAPK signaling. The dual-action antibody duligotuzumab (MEHD7945A) inhibits ligand binding to both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3). Blockade of EGFR/HER3 and inhibitio…

Male0301 basic medicineOncologyMAPK/ERK pathwayCancer ResearchReceptor ErbB-3MAP Kinase Kinase 1Administration Oralmedicine.disease_causechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinePiperidinesAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsMedicineProspective StudiesEpidermal growth factor receptor31biologyMiddle AgedErbB ReceptorsTreatment OutcomeOncologyTolerability030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleDrug EruptionsKRASmedicine.symptomColorectal NeoplasmsSignal TransductionAdultmedicine.medical_specialty4HypokalemiaAcneiform eruptionProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)03 medical and health sciencesAcneiform EruptionsInternal medicineHumansAdverse effectAgedNeoplasm StagingCobimetinibDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryClinical Trial Resultsmedicine.disease030104 developmental biologychemistryAstheniaImmunoglobulin Gbiology.proteinAzetidinesbusinessProgressive diseaseThe Oncologist
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Physician–patient communication and patient-reported outcomes in the actinic keratosis treatment adherence initiative (AK-TRAIN): a multicenter, pros…

2017

Background: Patients with multiple actinic keratoses (AKs) should be treated with field-directed therapy. Such treatments challenge patients’ adherence due to out-of-pocket costs, length of treatment and severity of local skin reactions (LSRs). Effective physician–patient communication (PPC) may buffer therapy-related distress, thus improving quality of life, treatment satisfaction and adherence. Objectives: We evaluated the interplay between PPC, LSR intensity (safety) and lesion clearance rates (effectiveness) on treatment satisfaction, quality of life and treatment adherence among patients with multiple AKs receiving topical field-directed therapies. Methods: In this observational, multi…

Male2708; infectious diseases; actinic keratosesDiclofenacActinictopical field‐directed therapyAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntineoplastic AgentsAdministration CutaneousMedication AdherenceAdministration Cutaneous; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents Non-Steroidal; Antineoplastic Agents; Diclofenac; Diterpenes; Drug Eruptions; Female; Humans; Imiquimod; Italy; Keratosis Actinic; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Reported Outcome Measures; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life; Communication; Medication Adherence; Patient Satisfaction; Physician-Patient Relationsactinic keratoses2708; Infectious Diseases80 and overHumansLongitudinal StudiesPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresProspective Studiesactinic keratoseAgedAged 80 and overPhysician-Patient RelationsImiquimodtreatmentCommunicationAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalKeratosisMiddle AgedKeratosis ActinicInfectious DiseasesCutaneousItalyPatient SatisfactionAdministrationQuality of LifeFemaleDrug EruptionsDiterpenesSettore MED/35 - MALATTIE CUTANEE E VENEREENon-Steroidal2708
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Is PRP useful in alveolar cleft reconstruction? Platelet-rich plasma in secondary alveoloplasty

2009

Objective: Cleft lip and palate is a congenital facial malformation with an established treatment protocol. Mixed dentition period is the best moment for correct maxillary bone defect with an alveoloplasty. The aim of this surgical procedure is to facilitate dental eruption, re-establish maxillary arch, close any oro-nasal communication, give support to nasal ala, and in some cases allow dental rehabilitation with osteointegrated implants. Study design: Twenty cleft patients who underwent secondary alveoloplasty were included. In 10 of them autogenous bone graft were used and in other 10 autogenous bone and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) obtained from autogenous blood. Bone formation was compar…

MaleBone RegenerationCleft LipDentistryAlveoloplastyMedicineHumansBone formationMixed dentitionBone regenerationChildGeneral DentistryMaxillary archBone Transplantationbusiness.industryPlatelet-Rich PlasmaAlveoloplasty:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Combined Modality TherapyNasal alaCleft PalateOtorhinolaryngologyPlatelet-rich plasmaDental eruptionUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgeryFemalebusiness
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Early Skin Toxicity as a Predictive Factor for Tumor Control in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated with Sorafenib.

2010

Abstract Introduction. Sorafenib is an oral multikinase inhibitor that targets Raf kinase and receptor tyrosine kinases and has led to a longer median overall survival (OS) time and time to progression (TTP) in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study was conducted to assess the link between the antitumor efficacy of sorafenib and its early cutaneous side effects in advanced HCC patients. Materials and Methods. All patients received 800 mg daily of sorafenib until progression or unacceptable toxicities. We retrospectively analyzed the incidence of rash and hand–foot skin reactions (HFSR) during the first month of treatment, comparing tumor control (partial response …

MaleCancer ResearchPyridinesSettore MED/06 - Oncologia MedicaKaplan-Meier EstimateGastroenterologySkin Toxicity Hepatocellular CarcinomaSorafenib.Aged 80 and overintegumentary systemIncidence (epidemiology)BenzenesulfonatesLiver NeoplasmsMiddle AgedSorafenibRashhumanitiesOncologyHepatocellular carcinomaToxicityDisease ProgressionFemaleDrug Eruptionsmedicine.symptommedicine.drugAdultNiacinamideSorafenibmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularAntineoplastic AgentsInternal medicinemedicineCarcinomaHumansneoplasmsSurvival analysisAgedRetrospective StudiesSurrogate endpointbusiness.industryPhenylurea CompoundsExanthemamedicine.diseaseSurvival Analysisdigestive system diseasesSurgerybody regionsMultivariate AnalysisHepatobiliarybusiness
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Oral lichenoid drug reaction by lithium in a patient with bipolar disorder

2005

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a psychiatric disease characterized by recurrent and alternated episodes of depression and mania. For the treatment of BD, anticonvulsants drugs as lithium, carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine can be used. These drugs can be associated with potential adverse effects: weight gain, tremors, thyroid abnormalities, and cognitive, gastrointestinal, cardiac or dermatological problems. We describe a case of BD with oral lichenoid drug reaction probably because of the mood stabilizers.

MaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyBipolar DisorderLichenoid EruptionsLithium (medication)antipsychotics bipolar disorders drug reaction lichenoid lesions lithium therapyPathology and Forensic Medicinechemistry.chemical_compoundLithium CarbonateAntimanic Agentsmental disordersmedicineHumansBipolar disorderOxcarbazepineAdverse effectbusiness.industryLithium carbonateCarbamazepineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseDermatologySurgeryOtorhinolaryngologychemistryLichenoid eruptionPeriodonticsOral Surgerymedicine.symptomMouth DiseasesbusinessManiamedicine.drugJournal of Oral Pathology and Medicine
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Evaluation of surgical-orthodontic treatments on impacted mandibular canines

2010

WOS: 000298087100012 PubMed: 21196853 Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate patients treated for impacted mandibular canines through a combined surgical and orthodontic approach. Study Design: The cases which were made button operations of impacted mandibular canines were selected from 5100 panoramic radiographs taken from patients who made use of our oral and maxillofacial surgery services between January 1998 to April 2006. All of these selected patients were assessed radiographically. Pertinent information such as sex, age at the time of surgery, site of the unerupted tooth, space availability and any other associated pathoses were also recorded. These patients were called agai…

MaleCuspidAdolescentRadiographyDentistryUnerupted toothAsymptomaticorthodontic extrusionMandibular canine toothYoung AdultMandibular caninestomatognathic systemmandibular canineHumansMedicineChildGeneral DentistryRetrospective StudiesOrthodonticsbusiness.industryImpactionTooth Impactedforced eruption:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Combined Modality Therapystomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologytooth impactedUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASOral and maxillofacial surgeryFemaleSurgerymedicine.symptombusinessCanine toothMedicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal
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