Search results for "Escape"
showing 10 items of 119 documents
Extracellular Vesicles and Tumor-Immune Escape: Biological Functions and Clinical Perspectives
2020
The modulation of the immune system is one of the hallmarks of cancer. It is now widely described that cancer cells are able to evade the immune response and thus establish immune tolerance. The exploration of the mechanisms underlying this ability of cancer cells has always attracted the scientific community and is the basis for the development of new promising cancer therapies. Recent evidence has highlighted how extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a mechanism by which cancer cells promote immune escape by inducing phenotypic changes on different immune cell populations. In this review, we will discuss the recent findings on the role of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs) in re…
Gestión del cuerpo y planificación urbana: Desplazamiento de significado en la reivención de cuepos y ciudades
2020
Contemporary cities have administrations increasingly marked by urban planning guidelines that are guided by business and marketing and, to attract investments and tourists, implement strategies that aim to homogenize, spectacularize and control urban space. However, other experiences in the city potentially build new meaning to it, which would escape those strategically planned, creating alternative possibilities of uses, diverging from the way thar are predicted and proposed by the governmental power in their urban marketing strategies. The article discusses how the occupation of urban spaces by transvestites for prostitution may imply reflections on the role of norms of gender in the (re…
Fluid escape structures in the north Sicily continental margin
2014
Abstract High resolution and multichannel seismic profiles coupled with multibeam echosounder (seafloor relief) data, acquired along the northern Sicily continental margin (southern Tyrrhenian Sea), document the occurrence of mound and pockmark features, revealing fluid escape processes. Along this margin, morphology of the high-gradient continental slope is irregular due to the presence of structural highs, slope failures and canyons, and is interrupted by flat areas at a mean depth of 1500 m. Seismostratigraphic analysis tools and methods were used to identify fluid escape structures and to work out a classification on the basis of their morpho-acoustic characteristics. The detailed 3D ba…
"In vitro" antagonism of a grapevine endophytic Bacillus subtilis strain towards "esca" fungi.
2008
Preliminary investigations on grapevines (CV Catarratto) with symptoms of “esca” permitted to isolate only bacterial colonies, from black punctuations belonging to the genus Bacillus. Particularly, an isolate was Gram-positive with spore forming and, on the basis of the partial 16S rRNA sequence comparison, it showed a similarity of 99% with Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis. There are numerous reports on the antagonistic activity of the species towards several phytopathogenic microorganisms. For this reason the possible bacterial control against the “esca” fungi (Phaeoacre- monium aleophilum, PAL; Phaemoniella clamidospora, PCH; Fomitiporia mediterranea, FOMED), was studied. The antagonist…
Izlaušanās spēles elementi bioloģijas un informātikas apguvē
2019
Izlaušanās spēles elementi bioloģijas un informātikas apguvē. Vanaga M., darba vadītājs lektore, Dr. phys. Dudareva I. Bakalaura darbs, 63 lappuses, 22 attēli, 8 tabulas, 43 literatūras avoti, 13 pielikumi. Latviešu valodā. Darba mērķis ir darbības pētījumā izzināt izlaušanās spēles elementu kā metodes izmantošanas priekšrocības un trūkumus bioloģijas un informātikas apguvē. Literatūras apskats ir veikts par 21. gs. prasmēm (informācijas izvērtēšanas, sadarbības un problēmrisināšanas), mācību spēles un izlaušanās spēles elementiem kā metodi bioloģijas un informātikas apguvē. Apkopoti pieejamie resursi latviešu valodā. Pētnieciskajā daļā aprobētas mācību stundas, kas veidotas kā izlaušanās s…
Inhibition of Arginase 1 Liberates Potent T Cell Immunostimulatory Activity of Human Neutrophil Granulocytes
2021
Myeloid cell arginase-mediated arginine depletion with consecutive inhibition of T cell functions is a key component of tumor immune escape. Both, granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSC) and conventional mature human polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes (PMN) express high levels of arginase 1 and can act as suppressor cells of adaptive anti-cancer immunity. Here we demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of PMN-derived arginase 1 not only prevents the suppression of T cell functions but rather leads to a strong hyperactivation of T cells. Human PMN were incubated in cell culture medium in the absence or presence of an arginase inhibitor. T cells from healthy donors w…
Quantitative Prediction of the Landscape of T Cell Epitope Immunogenicity in Sequence Space
2019
Immunodominant T cell epitopes preferentially targeted in multiple individuals are the critical element of successful vaccines and targeted immunotherapies. However, the underlying principles of this "convergence" of adaptive immunity among different individuals remain poorly understood. To quantitatively describe epitope immunogenicity, here we propose a supervised machine learning framework generating probabilistic estimates of immunogenicity, termed "immunogenicity scores," based on the numerical features computed through sequence-based simulation approximating the molecular scanning process of peptides presented onto major histocompatibility complex (MHC) by the human T cell receptor (T…
Noise phenomena and soliton dynamics in long Josephson junctions
2013
In this work we computationally explore the transient dynamics of a noisy Josephson junction (JJ). Principal purpose is to investigate the behavior of the lifetime of the superconductive state as a function of the system and noise source parameters. The relations between the emerging phenomena and the evolution of the JJ order parameter φ, that is the phase difference between the macroscopic wave functions describing the superconducting condensate in the two electrodes, is deeply investigated. We focus our interest on the switching events from the superconducting metastable state, and in particular on the mean escape time (MET). In the used model, a long JJ can be represented by a string co…
Natural Killer Group 2D Ligand Depletion Reconstitutes Natural Killer Cell Immunosurveillance of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
2017
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive tumor originating from the epithelial lining of the upper aero-digestive tract accounting for 300,000 annual deaths worldwide due to failure of current therapies. The natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) receptors on natural killer (NK) cells and several T cell subsets play an important role for immunosurveillance of HNSCC and are thus targeted by tumor immune evasion strategies in particular by shedding of various NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs). Based on plasma and tumor samples of 44 HNSCC patients, we found that despite compositional heterogeneity the total plasma level of NKG2DLs correlates with NK cell inhibitio…
Cancer-Initiating Cells from Colorectal Cancer Patients Escape from T Cell-Mediated Immunosurveillance In Vitro through Membrane-Bound IL-4
2014
Abstract Cancer-initiating cells (CICs) that are responsible for tumor initiation, propagation, and resistance to standard therapies have been isolated from human solid tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to obtain an immunological profile of CRC-derived CICs and to identify CIC-associated target molecules for T cell immunotherapy. We have isolated cells with CIC properties along with their putative non-CIC autologous counterparts from human primary CRC tissues. These CICs have been shown to display “tumor-initiating/stemness” properties, including the expression of CIC-associated markers (e.g., CD44, CD24, ALDH-1, EpCAM, Lgr5), multipotency, and tumorigenic…