Search results for "Ethics"
showing 10 items of 2130 documents
Arvioita arvioinnin etiikasta
2008
Simulating Secularities: Challenges and Opportunities in the Computational Science of (Non)Religion
2021
This article provides scholars of nonreligion and secularism with an introduction to some of the major opportunities and challenges associated with the growing application of computational methods to the phenomena they study. It also illustrates these opportunities and challenges by describing several overlapping research projects and some of the models of (non)religion they have produced. Finally, the article addresses some of the significant philosophical issues surrounding the use of computer modeling and simulation, focusing on the ethical and epistemological concerns that these tools often raise. I invite scholars of nonreligion to consider adding these techniques to their methodologic…
Ética de la asistencia primaria a los niños de procedencia internacional
2012
La inmigración se ha convertido en un fenómeno universal. Uno de sus efectos es el incremento de los niños de procedencia internacional en las consultas de pediatría. Se trata de una población doblemente vulnerable, por tratarse de niños y por proceder de contextos culturales extraños a los del país de acogida. Ante esta realidad emergente es imprescindible preguntarse por el tipo de asistencia sanitaria que deben recibir. En el presente artículo se proponen principios éticos de actuación inspirados en las principales normas internacionales sobre bioética y derechos de los niños: principio de vulnerabilidad; principio de respeto y amor, y principio de acceso y atención sanitaria. Finalmente…
La croyance dans le fumoir : “The Portrait of Mr. WH”, l’éthique de la croyance de William Kingdon Clifford et l’assentiment selon John Henry Newman
2023
Wilde’s story “The Portrait of Mr. W.H.” blurs literary genres, asserts the importance of the false and plays with reader expectations. It has generated a substantial exege- sis, perhaps lacking in interest in the multi-faceted debates on belief running through the 1870s-1880s. Wilde takes part in that debate through a text of uncertain status and complex editorial history, contrasting Newmanian assent with W.K. Clifford’s ethics of belief (1877), before asserting the supremacy of desire, thus ruining all assent and epistemically justified belief. To the demanding philosophical-religious theories of Clifford and Newman, Wilde responds with an ambiguous, subversive narrative, intended to com…
Computer Modeling in Philosophy of Religion
2019
AbstractHow might philosophy of religion be impacted by developments in computational modeling and social simulation? After briefly describing some of the content and context biases that have shaped traditional philosophy of religion, this article provides examples of computational models that illustrate the explanatory power of conceptually clear and empirically validated causal architectures informed by the bio-cultural sciences. It also outlines some of the material implications of these developments for broader metaphysical and metaethical discussions in philosophy. Computer modeling and simulation can contribute to the reformation of the philosophy of religion in at least three ways: b…
Dimensions of the Relationship between the Individual and Her Unique Worldview Construction
2021
Each individual constructs his own private worldview using elements from established worldview traditions. The biographical character of this formation makes this the individual’s “Unique Worldview Construction” (UWC). The purpose of this theoretical study is to analyse the dynamic relationship between the individual and her own UWC. It describes more how than what he believes in or denies. The variation is exceedingly complex. To make it accessible, the complexity is crystallized into seven dimensions: (1) The authority structure deals with the individual’s perception of herself as being superordinate/subordinate to her own UWC. (2) The importance dimension analyses the span from indiffere…
Efficacy of Ethics Education in Library and Information Science
2022
This work explains the need to adapt the content of ethics training programs in library and information science (LIS) studies to two fundamental aspects: the future professional requirements of students and the beliefs of the students in this field of study. A purely qualitative investigative strategy, including the use of vignettes, was employed to demonstrate that a theoretical-practical methodology of teaching-learning, supported by a combination of ethics theories and a model of ethical reasoning, changes the attitude of students, adapting individual and professional ethical values for the future exercise of the profession.
Dreamless Sleep, the Embodied Mind, and Consciousness
2017
One of the major debates in classical Indian philosophy concerned whether consciousness is present or absent in dreamless sleep. The philosophical schools of Advaita Vedānta and Yoga maintained that consciousness is present in dreamless sleep, whereas the Nyāya school maintained that it is absent. Consideration of this debate, especially the reasoning used by Advaita Vedānta to rebut the Nyāya view, calls into question the standard neuroscientific way of operationally defining consciousness as “that which disappears in dreamless sleep and reappears when we wake up or dream.” The Indian debate also offers new resources for contemporary philosophy of mind. At the same time, findings from cogn…
Open science as a better gatekeeper for science and society: a perspective from neurolaw
2018
Results from cognitive neuroscience have been cited as evidence in courtrooms around the world, and their admissibility has been a challenge for the legal system. Unfortunately, the recent reproducibility crisis in cognitive neuroscience, showing that the published studies in cognitive neuroscience may not be as trustworthy as expected, has made the situation worse. Here we analysed how the irreproducible results in cognitive neuroscience literature could compromise the standards for admissibility of scientific evidence, and pointed out how the open science movement may help to alleviate these problems. We conclude that open science not only benefits the scientific community but also the le…
Wybrane problemy bioetyczne w rozumieniu Kościołów pentekostalnych i Kościoła katolickiego. Studium teologiczno-porównawcze
2018
Rozwój nauk medycznych stwarza potrzebę oceny, które z nowych odkryć służą rzeczywiście dobru człowieka, a które są zagrożeniem dla jego egzystencji, godności i nienaruszalności. Przygnębiającym jest fakt, iż wyznawcy Chrystusa nie tylko są podzieleni w kwestiach wielu artykułów wiary, ale także mają odmienne nauczanie dotyczące norm etycznych. Niespodziewanie nauka moralności pentekostalnej oraz katolickiej w problematyce aborcji, zapłodnienia pozaustrojowego in vitro i eutanazji w wielu punktach okazuje się zbieżna. Obie tradycje stoją na stanowisku, że życie ludzkie zaczyna się w momencie zapłodnienia i ma szczególną wartość, aborcja jest złem i niedopuszczalne jest stosowanie praktyk ma…