Search results for "Ethylamines"
showing 10 items of 47 documents
Modification of depressant and disinhibitory action of flurazepam during short term treatment in the rat
1972
Employing a fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement (temporal discrimination), alternated punished (fixed-ratio) and unpunished (variable-ratio) schedules of reinforcement, a Conditioned Avoidance Response, and studying its interaction with Pentobarbital on general anaesthesia, it has been shown that flurazepam hydrochloride after a single treatment induces very intense depressant effects and slight disinhibitory effects. Short term treatment at longer than daily intervals reduces the depressant effect and unmasks the disinhibitory effect. The phenomenon is probably caused by selective tolerance concerning the depressant action. The results are discussed from the point of view of the signi…
Choline Metabolism and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure in the PREDIMED Study
2020
Abstract Background Few studies have examined the associations of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and its precursors (choline, betaine, dimethylglycine, and L-carnitine) with the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF). This study sought to investigate these associations. Methods Prospective associations of these metabolites with incident AF and HF were examined among participants at high cardiovascular risk in the PREDIMED study (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) after follow-up for about 10 years. Two nested case-control studies were conducted, including 509 AF incident cases matched to 618 controls and 326 HF incident cases matched to 426 controls. Plasma levels of TMAO an…
Dopamine acting through D2 receptors modulates the expression of PSA-NCAM, a molecule related to neuronal structural plasticity, in the medial prefro…
2008
A "neuroplastic" hypothesis proposes that changes in neuronal structural plasticity may underlie the aetiology of depression and the action of antidepressants. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is affected by this disorder and shows an intense expression of the polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM), a plasticity-associated molecule, which is expressed mainly in interneurons. The monoamines serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline are the principal targets of antidepressant action. Pharmacological manipulation of serotonin levels regulates synaptophysin and PSA-NCAM expression in the adult mPFC. However, the involvement of structural plasticity on the antidepress…
Tyramine and phenylethylamine production among lactic acid bacteria isolated from wine.
2007
The ability of wine lactic acid bacteria to produce tyramine and phenylethylamine was investigated by biochemical and genetic methods. An easy and accurate plate medium was developed to detect tyramine-producer strains, and a specific PCR assay that detects the presence of tdc gene was employed. All strains possessing the tdc gene were shown to produce tyramine and phenylethylamine. Wines containing high quantities of tyramine and phenylethylamine were found to contain Lactobacillus brevis or Lactobacillus hilgardii. The main tyramine producer was L. brevis. The ability to produce tyramine was absent or infrequent in the rest of the analysed wine species.
Selective electrochemical discrimination between dopamine and phenethylamine-derived psychotropic drugs using electrodes modified with an acyclic rec…
2010
Electrochemical discrimination between dopamine and psychotropic drugs which have in common a skeletal structure of phenethylamine, can be obtained using acyclic receptors L(1) and L(2), containing two terminal 3-alkoxy-5-nitroindazole rings. Upon attachment to graphite electrodes, L(1) and L(2) exhibit a well-defined, essentially reversible solid state electrochemistry in contact with aqueous media, based on electrolyte-assisted reduction processes involving successive cation and anion insertion/binding. As a result, a distinctive, essentially Nernstian electrochemical response is obtained for phenethylammonium ions of methamphetamine (METH), p-methoxyamphetamine (PMA), amphetamine (AMPH),…
Ortho-Metalated Primary Amines. 6.1 The First Synthesis of Six-Membered Palladacycles from Primary Amines Containing Electron-Withdrawing Substituent…
2003
When H 2 N(CH 2 ) 2 C 6 H 4 OMe-4 (RNH 2 ) and Pd(OAc) 2 are reacted in a 2:1 molar ratio, the complex [Pd(OAC) 2 (NH 2 R) 2 ] (1) is obtained. Complex 1 reacts with 1 equiv of Pd(OAc) 2 to give the dinuclear complex [Pd(OAc)(μ-OAc)(NH 2 R)] 2 (2). When complex 2 is heated in acetonitrile at 80 °C, the ortho-metalated complex [Pd{C 6 H 3 (CH 2 ) 2 NH 2 -2-OMe-5-κ 2 C,N}(μ-OAc)] 2 (3a) is obtained. Complex 3a is also prepared by refluxing RNH 2 and Pd(OAc) 2 in a 1:1 molar ratio in acetonitrile. Complex 3a reacts with NaBr or LiCl to afford the complexes [Pd{C 6 H 3 (CH 2 ) 2 NH 2 -2-OMe-5-κ 2 C,N}(μ-X)]2 (X = Cl (3b), Br (3c)). PPh 3 splits the acetate or halide bridge in complex 3a or 3b t…
Mononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles in zwitterionic micelles of amine oxide surfactants.
2012
Abstract Rate constants for the mononuclear rearrangement (MRH) of Z -phenylhydrazones of some 5-substituted-3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles in water have been measured in the presence of zwitterionic micelles. The use of micellized N -tetradecyl- N , N -dimethylamineoxide (C 14 DMAO) as the reaction medium allowed to solubilize the otherwise water-insoluble oxadiazoles. Micellar rate effects were analyzed by using a simple pseudo-phase model and compared with those obtained in non-ionic micelles (Triton X-100). Evidence that both the rate of the rearrangement reaction and the binding of the substrates to the micelles are mainly governed by substrate hydrophobicity is obtained. The disagreement…
The role of the dual nature of ionic liquids in the reversed-phase liquid chromatographic separation of basic drugs.
2010
The cationic nature of basic drugs gives rise to broad asymmetrical chromatographic peaks with conventional C18 columns and hydro-organic mixtures, due to the ionic interaction of the positively charged solutes with the free silanol groups on the alkyl-bonded reversed-phase packing. Ionic liquids (ILs) have recently attracted some attention to reduce this undesirable silanol activity. ILs are dual modifiers (with a cationic and anionic character), which means that both cation and anion can be adsorbed on the stationary phase, giving rise to interesting interactions with the anionic free silanols and the cationic basic drugs. A comparative study of the performance of four imidazolium-based I…
A bacterial metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide, disrupts the hemostasis balance in human primary endothelial cells but no coagulopathy in mice
2019
: The gut microbial metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), was previously reported to induce platelet hypersensitivity, which leads to thrombotic risk. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of TMAO on endothelial cells (EC), which is the primary vessel wall contact with the lumen, remains unclear. Here, we investigated the impact of TMAO on procoagulant activity (PCA) in EC and mice, for a possible link between microbiota and coagulation. To test the PCA of TMAO in EC, we performed one-stage clotting assays and converted into PCA. Antitissue factor (TF) antibody was used to test the TF role in PCA. Quantitative PCR was performed to measure the TF, thrombomodulin, IL-6,…
New Biodegradable Hydrogels Based on Inulin and α,β-Polyaspartylhydrazide Designed for Colonic Drug Delivery: In Vitro Release of Glutathione and Oxy…
2010
Succinic derivatives of inulin (INU-SA) with two different degrees of derivatization (20% and 30%, mol/mol) were cross-linked with α,β-polyaspartylhydrazide (PAHy) to obtain INUPAHy hydrogels. Cross-linking was performed using N-ethyl-N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (NHSS) as coupling agents and by varying the reaction time (4 h, 8 h and 24 h). All samples prepared were characterized by FT-IR analysis and swelling measurements in different media. In vitro assays, performed in the presence of inulinase, demonstrated the degradability of the prepared hydrogels. Cell compatibility was evaluated using Caco-2 cells through both direct and …