Search results for "Ethylene"

An Easy Way Towardɛ-Caprolactone Macromonomers by Microwave Irradiation Using Early Lanthanide Halides as Catalysts

2002

Poly(e-caprolactone) macromonomers were synthesized under microwave irradiation from commercial caprolactone, using commercial hydrated lanthanide halides as catalysts. The molecular weight of the polymers was in the range 3 000–5 000. Higher molecular weights (5 000–20 000) and lower polydispersity indices were obtained with THF adducts of the lanthanide halides as catalysts and also by applying longer reaction times or using diethylene glycol as a coupling reagent.

Rare Earth Half-Sandwich Catalysts for the Homo- and Copolymerization of Ethylene and Styrene

2001

The synthesis of rare earth metal half-sandwich hydrido complexes [Ln(η5:η1-C5Me4SiMe2NCMe3)(THF)(μ-H)]2(Ln = Y, Lu, Yb, Er, Tb) through σ-bond metathesis of the alkyl complexes [Ln(η5:η1- C5Me4SiMe2NCMe3)(CH2SiMe3)(THF)], easily accessible by the reaction of the amino-cyclopentadiene with [Ln(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2], was developed. The dimeric lanthanide hydrido complexes are highly fluxional involving THF dissociation and cis-trans isomerization of the linked amidocyclopentadienyl ligand. The presence of a monomer-dimer equilibrium is suggested by cross-over experiments. They were tested as single-site, single-component catalysts for the polymerization of ethylene, α-olefin, and styrene, as wel…

Synthesis, crystal structure and properties of two acetazolamide (5-acetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide) complexes: bis(5-acetamidato- 1,3,4-th…

1992

Abstract The diverse coordination chemistry exhibited by acetazolamide (H2acm), a potent inhibitor of the carbonic anhydrase metalloenzyme, is highlighted in two new copper(II) complexes of this ligand: [Cu(Hacm)2(en)2] (I) and [Cu(Hacm)2(tn)2] (II). The synthesis, crystal structure and spectroscopic properties of both compounds are reported in this paper. The structures of both compounds consist of discrete units of [Cu(Hacm)2(en)2] (I) and [Cu(Hacm)2(tn)2] (II), respectively, interacting through van der Waals contacts and hydrogen bonds only. Hacm, however, binds differently in each compound. In both cases, the Cu(II) ions, lying on the symmetry centers, show an elongated octahedral geome…

Rigidified Calixarenes Bearing Four Carbamoylmethylphosphineoxide or Carbamoylmethylphosphoryl Functions at the Wide Rim

2000

Conformationally rigidified tetraCMPO derivatives have been prepared from calix[4]arene bis(crown ether) 4 a in which adjacent oxygens are bridged at the narrow rim by two diethylene glycol links. Acylation of the tetraamine 4 c with the CMPO-active ester 5 b gave the tetraphosphine oxide 6 a, while the tetraphosphinate 6 b and the tetraphosphonate 6 c were obtained by Arbuzov reaction of tetrabromoacetamido derivative 7 with PhP(OEt)2 or P(OEt)3. The extraction ability of these CMPO derivatives was checked for selected lanthanides and actinides and compared with the analogous compounds 1 b, 10 b and 10 d derived from calix[4]arene tetrapentyl ether. All rigidified bis(crown ether) ligands …

Polymeric Micelles and Liposomes as Potential Drug Carriers

1986

In the past, a whole aray of polymeric carriers for biologically active substances have been reported. In this field the main interest has focused on the use of randomly solubilized polymers. Naturally occuring amphiphilic transport proteins can be modelled by synthetic micellar solubilized polymers. Poly(ethylene oxide)-polypeptide block copolymers with hydrophobic and cyclophosphamide-containing side groups are described. These micellar systems are able to transport different hydrophobic drugs.

1985

A block copolymer (6) with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions was synthesized, in order to examine its interaction with model membranes and its uptake by living cells. The copolymer comprised poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(L-lysine) with 50 mol-% substitution of the e-amino groups with palmitoyl groups. To permit 125I-labelling, p-methoxyphenyl residues (1–4 mol-%) were incorporated into the block copolymer and into a poly(ethylene oxide) used for comparison. Sudan Red 7 B solubilization studies indicated that the block copolymer, but not the homopolymer, forms micelles. Differential scanning calorimetry of dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine liposomes indicated that the block copolymer in…

Anisotropic diffusion in etched particle tracks studied by field gradient NMR

1994

Etched particle tracks produced after heavy ion irradiation of polymer foils are used as model systems to test the performance of NMR in a newly developed ultrahigh magnetic field gradient system. The stimulated NMR echo decay of molecules diffusing in the channels, formulated in terms of the self part of the intermediate scattering function, is anisotropic and yields the form factor of the channels.

Degradable cationic nanohydrogel particles for stimuli-responsive release of siRNA.

2014

Well-defined nanogels have become quite attractive as safe and stable carriers for siRNA delivery. However, to avoid nanoparticle accumulation, they need to provide a stimuli-responsive degradation mechanism that can be activated at the payload's site of action. In this work, the synthetic concept for generating well-defined nanohydrogel particles is extended to incorporate disulfide cross-linkers into a cationic nanonetwork for redox-triggered release of oligonucleotide payload as well as nanoparticle degradation under reductive conditions of the cytoplasm. Therefore, a novel disulfide-modified spermine cross-linker is designed that both allows disassembly of the nanogel as well as removal…

Rheological and mechanical properties of biodegradable nanocomposites

2018

Polymer nanocomposites have gained huge interest over the last decade. However, traditional thermoplastic nanocomposites do not match the rising concern about environmental issues. Therefore, during the last years, the search for biodegradable polymer nanocomposites is gaining importance. Most of biobased (i.e. based on biodegradable/bioderived polymer matrices) nanocomposites have poly(lactic acid), PLA, as matrix. However, it is of clear interest to take into account also different biobased polymer matrices, such as MaterBi. In this work, we prepared bionanocomposites containing MaterBi or a PLA-based polymer matrix, with two different kinds of nanofillers (organomodified clay and nanosiz…

Structural modifications in an irradiated ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer

1982

Extraction experiments and calorimetric measurements have been performed, on a commercial ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer irradiated in the dose range 0–20 Mrad.