Search results for "Evidence-based practice"
showing 10 items of 105 documents
Toward evidence-based severity assessment in rat models with repeated seizures: II. Chemical post-status epilepticus model.
2019
Objective: Considering the complexity of neuronal circuits and their epilepsy-associated alterations, epilepsy models cannot be completely replaced by in vitro experimental approaches. Decisions about ethical approval of in vivo studies require a thorough weighing of the animal's burden and the benefit regarding the expected gain in knowledge. Methods: Based on combined behavioral, biochemical, and physiological analyses, we assessed the impact on animal well-being and condition in different phases of the pilocarpine post–status epilepticus (SE) model in rats. Results: As a consequence of SE, increased levels of impairment were evident in the early postinsult phase and late chronic phase, w…
Teaching master's degree students to read research literature
2017
The skill to read research literature critically belongs in every university graduate’s toolbox. I have attempted to teach this skill in a master’s degree level course in programming languages over 15 years using, at various times, simulated conferences, voluntary reading exercises, evidence-based practice training, and a flipped classroom with mandatory reading assignments. I discuss my experience and analyze preliminary qualitative data on the use of evidence-based practice and a flipped classroom for this purpose. I present no firm conclusions, but expect that future work (by me or others) will be able to use my experience as a baseline for better teaching of research literature reading.…
Fallacies about p-Value Shared by Professors and University Students
2017
Resumen La “Práctica Basada en la Evidencia” requiere a los profesionales valorar de forma crítica los resultados de las investigaciones psicológicas. Sin embargo, las interpretaciones incorrectas de los valores p de probabilidad son abundantes y repetitivas. Estas interpretaciones incorrectas pueden afectar las decisiones profesionales y poner en riesgo la calidad de las intervenciones y la acumulación de un conocimiento científico válido. Por lo tanto, identificar el tipo de falacia que subyace a las decisiones estadísticas es fundamental para abordar y planificar estrategias de educación estadística dirigidas a intervenir sobre las interpretaciones incorrectas. En consecuencia, el objeti…
Systematic education has a positive impact on nurses' evidence-based practice: Intervention study results
2022
Aims To evaluate how an education program on evidence-based practice (EBP) affected nurses´ knowledge, practices, and attitudes related to EBPs in patient care. Methods Nurses of one Finnish university hospital participated in two separate EBP education programs in 2016–2017 and 2018–2019. Data was collected by a questionnaire given before and after each program. Reliable instruments for measuring EBP were used: The Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire (24 items) and the Attitudes to Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire (17 items). Means and frequencies were evaluated with the Mann-Whitney U test and linear regression. Results Nurses reported that their EBP practice, skills and the Work b…
Efektywność i nieefektywność trening kompetencji społecznych w profilaktyce zachowań agresywnych dzieci i młodzieży – w kierunku profilaktyki evidenc…
2021
Artykuł zawiera ocenę efektywności treningu umiejętności społecznej w profilaktyce społecznej zachowań agresywnych dzieci i młodzieży. Punktem wyjścia do analizy jest koncepcja evidence-based practice w profilaktyce społecznej. W ramach tego modelu działań, podjęto próbę wskazania ograniczeń stosowania i przyczyny nieskuteczności treningów umiejętności społecznych w profilaktyce zachowań agresywnych.
Alternative psychotherapies: Conceptual elucidation and epidemiological framework
2020
This article elucidates and defines alternative psychotherapies, as well as describes the variables that explain why some professional psychologists are prone to endorse these practices. First, the novel concept of “complementary and alternative psychotherapies” (CAP) is defined within the framework of the established hierarchy of clinical evidence. Second, we report a literature review to aid understanding of the main variables explaining why some clinicians prefer CAP. We review rejection of scientific reasoning, misconceptions about human nature, and pragmatic limitations of evidence-based practice.
Social, health and rehabilitation sector educators’ competence in evidence-based practice : A cross-sectional study
2021
Aim: The purpose of the study was to identify and describe the characteristic profiles of evidence-based practice competence of educators in the social, health and rehabilitation sectors and to establish relevant background factors. Design: This study was carried out as a descriptive cross-sectional study. Methods: Data were collected from social, health and rehabilitation sector educators working in the 21 Finnish universities of applied sciences and seven vocational colleges (n = 422; N = 2,330). A self-assessment instrument measuring evidence-based practice competence was used. Competence profiles were formed using a K-cluster grouping analysis. Results: Three distinct competence profile…
Bridging from research evidence to health policy and from health policy to clinical practice: the case of the Spanish strategy for mental health
2009
Introduction: In the last 30 years the Spanish NHS has evolved from a tightly centralized structure to seventeen autonomous regional health systems. As a result a number of benefits have been obtained but also important side-effects such as unjustified variation in clinical practice and a substantial loss of equity. Description: To deal with these unwanted developments the Spanish Inter-territorial Board of the NHS has recently approved and launched several health strategies on priority areas: diabetes, coronary ischemia, palliative care, cancer and mental health. The strategies are based on scientific evidence or consensus and they have been agreed on by all the regions. However, the degre…
Experience of medical students mentoring in an acute geriatric unit: Use of evidence-based medicine
2019
International audience; n a retrospective study, we studied the learning experience of second and third year undergraduate medical students in the acute geriatric unit of a University Hospital.Students who did not receive Evidence based medicine (EBM) classes had lower grades than those who did in the final theoretical and practical evaluations (p < .01).Our experience suggested that the implementation of EBM in the curriculum through small, structured semiology courses tailored to the specificities of the elderly improved Evidence based practices for undergraduate medical students. EBM should improve instruction and mentoring during undergraduate students' clinical rotation.
Machine Perfusions in Liver Transplantation: The Evidence‐Based Position Paper of the Italian Society of Organ and Tissue Transplantation
2020
The use of machine perfusion (MP) in liver transplantation (LT) is spreading worldwide. However, its efficacy has not been demonstrated, and its proper clinical use has far to go to be widely implemented. The Società Italiana Trapianti d’Organo (SITO) promoted the development of an evidence-based position paper. A 3-step approach has been adopted to develop this position paper. First, SITO appointed a chair and a cochair who then assembled a working group with specific experience of MP in LT. The Guideline Development Group framed the clinical questions into a patient, intervention, control, and outcome (PICO) format, extracted and analyzed the available literature, ranked the quality of th…