Search results for "Evoked potential"
showing 10 items of 604 documents
Neural conservation in skull base surgery
2002
Surgical treatment of lesions of the skull base carries significant risk to the functioning of the cerebral hemispheres, brainstem, and cranial nerves. This risk is due to both (1) problems associated with maintaining an adequate blood flow while exposing and removing the tumor and (2) direct or indirect trauma to the brain, perineural tissues, and cranial nerves. These risks may be reduced if information about possible implications of surgical maneuvers on the cerebral blood flow and on the function of the patient’s CNS and cranial nerves is available and can be monitored during surgery of the skull base. The use of EMG neuromonitoring for the facial nerve and of brainstem evoked response …
Mismatch negativity (MMN) elicited by changes in phoneme length: A cross-linguistic study
2006
Speech sounds representing different phonetic categories are typically easier to discriminate than sounds belonging to the same category. This phenomenon is referred to as the phoneme boundary effect. We aimed to determine whether, at neural level, this effect is indeed due to crossing the phoneme boundary. The mismatch negativity (MMN) brain response was measured for across- and within-category changes in Finnish phoneme length in native speakers and second-language users of Finnish as well as non-Finnish-speaking subjects. The results showed that the MMN amplitude was enhanced in the native speakers in comparison with the two non-native groups which, in turn, did not differ from each othe…
Recommendations for the clinical use of somatosensory-evoked potentials
2008
The International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN) is in the process of updating its Recommendations for clinical practice published in 1999. These new recommendations dedicated to somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) update the methodological aspects and general clinical applications of standard SEPs, and introduce new sections dedicated to the anatomical-functional organization of the somatosensory system and to special clinical applications, such as intraoperative monitoring, recordings in the intensive care unit, pain-related evoked potentials, and trigeminal and pudendal SEPs. Standard SEPs have gained an established role in the health system, and the special clinical ap…
Corticospinal and intracortical excitability is modulated in the knee extensors after acute strength training.
2021
The corticospinal responses to high-intensity and low-intensity strength-training of the upper limb are modulated in an intensity-dependent manner. Whether an intensity-dependent threshold occurs following acute strength training of the knee extensors (KE) remains unclear. We assessed the corticospinal responses following high-intensity (85% of maximal strength) or low-intensity (30% of maximal strength) KE strength-training with measures taken during an isometric KE task at baseline, post-5, 30 and 60-min. Twenty-eight volunteers (23 ± 3 years) were randomized to high-intensity (n = 11), low-intensity (n = 10) or to a control group (n = 7). Corticospinal responses were evoked with transcra…
Changes in neurophysiologic markers of visual processing following beneficial anti-VEGF treatment in macular degeneration
2013
Pasi Vottonen,1 Kai Kaarniranta,1,2 Ari Pääkkönen,3 Ina M Tarkka41Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; 3Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; 4Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, FinlandPurpose: Antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents have been shown to improve visual acuity and prevent vision loss in exudative age-related macular degeneration. As the vision im…
Auditory cortical and hippocampal local-field potentials to frequency deviant tones in urethane-anesthetized rats: An unexpected role of the sound fr…
2015
Abstract The human brain can automatically detect auditory changes, as indexed by the mismatch negativity of event-related potentials. The mechanisms that underlie this response are poorly understood. We recorded primary auditory cortical and hippocampal (dentate gyrus, CA1) local-field potentials to serial tones in urethane-anesthetized rats. In an oddball condition, a rare (deviant) tone ( p = 0.11) randomly replaced a repeated (standard) tone. The deviant tone was either lower (2200, 2700, 3200, 3700 Hz) or higher (4300, 4800, 5300, 5800 Hz) in frequency than the standard tone (4000 Hz). In an equiprobability control condition, all nine tones were presented at random ( p = 0.11). Diffe…
“Small Volume Resuscitation” as Treatment of Cerebral Blood Flow Disturbances and Increased ICP in Trauma and Ischemia
1996
“Small volume resuscitation” (SVR) is a promising concept for the treatment of shock and trauma patients. SVR utilizes the fast infusion of a small volume of hypertonic saline to mobilize intraendothelial and parenchymal water to expand and restitute intravascular volume. Therefore it seems warranted to also consider SVR for the treatment of disturbances of the cerebral circulation and of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). The current study uses a rabbit model of global cerebral ischemia combined with mild hemorrhage to test SVR. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) serve as a short-term outcome parameter. The data demonstrate a beneficial effect on ICP, a better reperfusion, and an i…
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials and Visual Potentials in Kawasaki Disease: An Observational Monocentric Study
2020
Background: Kawasaki Disease is a systemic vasculitis, particularly involving coronary arteries. Rare involvement of other vascular districts is described, as central nervous system arteries, leading to a vasculitic neuropathy. Sensorineural hearing loss and alterations of evoked potentials are uncommonly reported complications.Methods: In an observational monocentric study, 59 children (37 males; 22 females; mean age: 2.7 ± 2.2 years) with documented Kawasaki Disease were enrolled. No risk factors for hearing loss and/or neurological impairment were identified in the cohort. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials and visual evoked potentials were correlated with clinical, hamatological and r…
The electrofunctional investigations in the diagnosis of orbital diseases
1983
The importance of electrofunctional examinations (electroretinography, electro-oculography and visual evoked potentials) in orbital diseases is emphasized. Although such tests cannot give the same support to the clinical diagnosis as ultrasonography or CT scanning, they do give information about the functional state of the various orbital components. Visual evoked potentials can monitor the functionality of the optic nerve during and after trauma or compressive orbital diseases; electroretinography shows retinal changes secondary to traumatic or vascular orbital diseases, while electro-oculography allows to record extraocular muscle dysfunction.
Mapping of the human visual cortex using image-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation
2002
We describe a protocol using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to systematically map the visual sensations induced by focal and non-invasive stimulation of the human occipital cortex. TMS is applied with a figure of eight coil to 28 positions arranged in a 2x2-cm grid over the occipital area. A digitizing tablet connected to a PC computer running customized software, and audio and video recording are used for detailed and accurate data collection and analysis of evoked phosphenes. A frameless image-guided neuronavigational device is used to describe the position of the actual sites of the stimulation coils relative to the cortical surface. Our results show that TMS is able to elicit p…