Search results for "Exchange"

Power Production from Produced Waters via Reverse Electrodialysis: A Preliminary Assessment

2022

Wastewaters generated by crude oil extraction processes, called “produced waters” (PWs), are complex solutions that contain organic compounds, mainly hydrocarbons, and often exhibit high salinity. The large amounts of PWs represent a global issue because of their environmental impact. An approach widely used in the oil industry is the reinjection of this wastewater into the extraction wells after a suitable treatment. The high salt concentration of such solutions may be used in salinity gradient technologies to produce green electricity. Among these technologies, reverse electrodialysis (RED) is one of the most promising. In this work, the application of RED for energy generatio…

Networks of knowledge among unionized firms

2008

We develop a model of strategic networks in order to analyze how trade unions will affect the stability of R&D networks through which knowledge is transmitted in an oligopolistic industry. Whenever firms settle wages, the partially connected network is likely to emerge in the long run if and only if knowledge spillovers are large enough. However, when unions settle wages, the complete network is the unique stable network. In other words, the stronger the union bargaining power is, the more symmetric stable R&D networks will be. In terms of network efficiency, the partially connected network (when firms settle wages) does not Pareto dominate the complete network (when unions settle wages) an…

Exchange Rate Arrangements in Central and Eastern European Countries – Evolutions and Characteristics

2007

The process of choosing the exchange rate regime for the new EU member states has been influenced by other criteria than the traditional ones, which belong to macroeconomic criteria. This paper make a comparative analyze of the exchange rate arrangements in Central and Eastern European after 1990. These arrangements are dynamic on the one hand due to their permanent diversification and on the other hand because the values established this way are rapidly changing. In essence, they differ according to the degree of flexibility adopted when the exchange rate is established: from more rigid forms – currency board or pegging the currency to a foreign currency – to free floating.

UME Y LA INTEGRACIÓN DE LOS MERCADOS DE CAPITALES EUROPEOS: RELEVANCIA DEL TIPO DE CAMBIO Y LA INFLACIÓN

2007

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of the European Monetary Union on the hypothesis of an integrated European Capital Market from January 1993 to December 2004. The extent of the period and the use of Fama and MacBeth [1973]'s methodology for estimating a large number of international asset pricing models that includes an Adler and Dumas [1983] model with and without domestic factor make possible to evaluate this hypothesis as a process towards a full integration. However, our results show that the integration is not a uniform process at all times and for all stocks and recedes in the period 2001-04 with the reappearance of a significant domestic risk premium (diversifiable…

Competitiveness, Economic Freedom and Real Exchange Rate. Evidence from Romania

2006

In the new context of European Integration, Romania has to improve some important macroeconomic indicators, such as: competitiveness, economic freedom and real exchange rate for a sustainable economic growth. Many authors emphasize that competitiveness and economic freedom affects economic growth through stimulating investment and business environment. The equilibrium exchange rate is crucial as it directly influences external competitiveness, especially through export prices. For Romania, the competitiveness can be improved through the economic freedom growth and the real exchange rate appreciation. But this appreciation must be accompanied by a rise in productivity and in the quality of t…

Solid‐state NMR Spectroscopy of Iodine(I) Complexes

2023

Solid-state NMR has been applied to a series of Barluenga-type iodine(I) [L-I-L]PF6 (L=pyridine, 4-ethylpyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, isoquinoline) complexes as their hexafluorophosphate salts, as well as their respective non-liquid ligands (L), their precursor silver(I) complexes, and the respective N-methylated pyridinium and quinolinium hexafluorophoshate salts. These results are compared and contrasted to the corresponding solution studies and single-crystal X-ray structures. As the first study of its kind on the solid-state NMR behavior of halogen(I) complexes, practical considerations are also discussed to encourage wider utilization of this technique in the future. peerReviewed

All in the same boat : a comparison of intercultural interaction between home students and international students in two universities

2012

Tutkielman tarkoituksena on selvittää kansainvälisten opiskelijoiden kokemuksia kansainvälisestä kanssakäymisestä paikallisten opiskelijoiden kanssa. Tutkielman on aikomus tarkastella, onko eri kulttuureissa opiskelevilla kansainvälisillä opiskelijoilla samankaltaisia kokemuksia ja näkemyksiä paikallisista opiskelijoista. Aiemmissa tutkimuksissa on käynyt ilmi, että vaikka kansainvälisten opiskelijoiden kokemukset vaihtokaudesta tai tutkinnon suorittamisesta ulkomailla ovat olleet pääasiassa positiivisia, varsinkin kanssakäymisessä paikallisten opiskelijoiden kanssa on edelleen parantamisen varaa, sillä kansainväliset opiskelijat kokevat paikalliset opiskelijat vaikeasti lähestyttäviksi ja …

An international student as a library user – a short review

2015

The Latent Factors Behind the Urban Travel Behaviour

2014

Abstract This research aims to explore the impact of latent variables, mirroring the users’ preferences, on the individual decision making process regarding the mode of transport. The paper describes the first results of an ongoing research activity, which derives from a pilot study carried out in Palermo. The authors have administered to a sample of travellers a questionnaire and they simulated the mode choice behaviour referring to the random utility theory. Then the transport demand over the entire area of Palermo has been studied in order to design the cordon pricing scenario with the application of an additional cost on private car dedicated to a selected area of the historic centre of…

Experimental Investigation on the Performances of Innovative PV Vertical Structures

2019

The sustainable development of our planet is considerably related to a relevant reduction of CO2 global emissions, with building consumption contributing more than 40%. In this scenario, new technological conceptions, such as building-integrated photovoltaic technology, emerged in order to satisfy the requirements of sustainability imposed by the European Union. Therefore, the aim of this work is to provide a technical and economical comparison of the performances of different vertical-mounted innovative photovoltaic systems, potentially integrated on a building instead of on traditional windows or glass walls. The proposed investigation was carried out by means of experimental tests on thr…