Search results for "Exercise."

Effect of short-term guided aerobic exercise and diet intervention on overweight women

2010

Abstract Effect of Short-Term Guided Aerobic Exercise and Diet Intervention on Overweight Women Kauko, Kirsi LLTS007 Master’s Thesis of Sport Medicine University of Jyväskylä, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences Spring 2010, 68 pages, 6 appendices Overweight or obese persons have substantially increased risk for multiple chronic disorders, for example type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Physical activity or exercise has an important role in the prevention and treatment of obesity related illnesses, for example T2D, CVD and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The main goal of this Master’s thesis is to study the possible …

Explanations for use of dietary- and muscle enhancing dietary supplements among university students: a national cross-sectional study.

2022

Abstract Background Use of dietary supplements (DS) and muscle enhancing dietary supplements (MEDS) is frequent among students despite the lack of evidence of effects and health risks related to consumption. We need to increase our understanding of students’ motivation, examine potential gender differences, and explore explanatory factors, to address preventive measures related to use. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the frequency of, and the reasons for, DS use among university students, as well as explanatory factors for use of MEDS. Method Male and female students from nine Norwegian universities participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants responded to questions about…

Regular Strength and Sprint Training Counteracts Bone Aging: a 10- year Follow-up in Male Masters Athletes

2021

According to cross-sectional and interventional studies, high-intensity strength and impact-type training provide a powerful osteogenic stimulus even in old age. Longitudinal evidence on the ability of high-intensity training to attenuate age-related bone deterioration is currently lacking, however. This follow-up study assessed the role of continued strength and sprint training on bone aging in 40- to 85-year-old male sprinters (n=69) with long-term training background. pQCT-derived bone structural, strength and densitometric parameters of the distal tibia (5% distal-proximal tibia length) and tibial midshaft (50% length) were assessed at baseline and after 10 years. The groups of well-tra…

Treatment with soluble activin type IIB-receptor improves bone mass and strength in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy

2017

Background: Inhibition of activin/myostatin pathway has emerged as a novel approach to increase muscle mass and bone strength. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disorder that leads to progressive muscle degeneration and also high incidence of fractures. The aim of our study was to test whether inhibition of activin receptor IIB ligands with or without exercise could improve bone strength in the mdx mouse model for DMD. Methods: Thirty-two mdx mice were divided to running and non-running groups and to receive either PBS control or soluble activin type IIB-receptor (ActRIIB-Fc) once weekly for 7 weeks. Results: Treatment of mdx mice with ActRIIB-Fc resulted in significantly…

Comment on "Effects of Elastic Resistance Band Exercise on Postural Balance, Estrogen, Bone Metabolism Index, and Muscle Strength of Perimenopausal P…

2017

Clinical Changes of Respiratory Parameters in Institutionalized Older Adults after a Physiotherapy Program Combining Respiratory and Musculoskeletal …

2022

Nowadays pulmonary diseases are an increasingly important cause of morbidity and mortality. Diaphragmatic breathing is a controlled-breathing technique that aims to optimize thoracoabdominal movements. The aim of this study was to apply a respiratory and musculoskeletal physiotherapy program in institutionalized older adults and to assess the effects on their pulmonary function tests and oxygen saturation. A randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted with thirty institutionalized older adults, randomly assigned to a control group (CG), who conducted musculoskeletal exercises; or an experimental group (EG) who, in addition, carried out diaphragmatic breathing, administered for eigh…

Can specific pre-workout meals reduce bone resorption in young gymnasts?

2021

The pre-adolescence in woman is a key stage to obtain adequate bone mineral content and to decrease the risk of osteoporosis in adulthood. Exercise and adequate nutrition can influence the bone growth process. The aim of this paper was to verify if a different pre-exercise meal can change exercise-induced bone resorption in female child artistic gymnasts. Twenty-eight preadolescent female were requited for this study. Training was preceded by high-carbohydrate meal (HCM; 300 kcal, 88% carbohydrates, 9% protein, 3% fat) or high protein meal (HPM; 300 kcal, 55% carbohydrates, 31% protein, 13% fat) ninety minutes before the start of the training session. Bone resorption biomarker, C-terminal t…

RECRUITMENT OF BICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE REGIONS AT DIFFERENT RUNNING SPEEDS

2017

Background The majority of hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) occur in the late swing phase of high-speed running when hamstrings work eccentrically. The proximal region of the biceps femoris (BF) seems to be the most common site of injury. Elongation of the fascicles in eccentric contractions is higher in the proximal region compared to the distal region of BF, but the neural background to this phenomenon is not clear. Objective To examine the region-specificity of BF muscle activity at different running speeds. Design Observational study. Running speeds were randomized. Setting Laboratory, amateur level. Participants Football players without acute injury/illness, and without HSI history wer…

Microbiome and Diseases: Hepatic Disorders

2018

Intensive research efforts aim to understand the multifaceted molecular mechanisms underlying disease onset and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcohol-induced liver disease (ALD). Taken together, NAFLD and ALD are the most common liver diseases worldwide, and universally accepted therapies other than lifestyle interventions either focusing on weight reduction and physical exercise or alcohol abstinence are lacking. During the last decade, alterations of intestinal microbiota composition and intestinal barrier function leading to an increased translocation of bacterial endotoxin and of metabolites originating from an altered intestinal microbiome are emerging as …

Changes in pharyngeal aerobic microflora in oral breathers after palatal rapid expansion.

2006

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to investigate in oral breathing children the qualitative and quantitative effects on aerobic and facultatively anaerobic oropharyngeal microflora of respiratory function improved by rapid palatal expansion (RPE). Methods In an open clinical trial, we studied 50 oral breathers, aged 8 to 14 years and suffering from both maxillary constriction and posterior cross-bite. At baseline, patients were examined by a single otorhinolaryngologist (ENT), confirming nasal obstruction in all subjects by posterior rhino-manometric test. Patients were evaluated three times by oropharyngeal swabs:1) at baseline (T = 0); 2) after palatal spreading out (T = 1…