Search results for "Expenditure"
showing 10 items of 185 documents
Energy compensation and adiposity in humans
2021
Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors Understanding the impacts of activity on energy balance is crucial. Increasing levels of activity may bring diminishing returns in energy expenditure because of compensatory responses in non-activity energy expenditures.1–3 This suggestion has profound implications for both the evolution of metabolism and human health. It implies that a long-term increase in activity does not directly translate into an increase in total energy expenditure (TEE) because other components of TEE may decrease in response—energy compensation. We used the largest dataset compiled on adult TEE and basal energy expenditure (BEE) (n = 1,754) of people living normal lives to fi…
The effects of the financial crisis on primary prevention of cancer
2010
The present financial crisis will affect primary cancer prevention through several avenues: personal lifestyle choices, exposure to environmental risk factors, decisions made in the private sector and public policy on cancer prevention. Whilst it is clearly problematic to reach solid conclusions on a direct connection between economic crises and cancer mortality, we can identify trends that provide guidance for further action. For some lifestyle choices such as smoking or diet, we argue that public policy may channel existing tendencies during times of crisis for clear added value. In other areas, including research and health system investments, we will make the case that the resources not…
On the Determinants of the Going Public Decision in Spain
2008
Though the going public decision has been addressed by several theories, empirical research is particularly scarce to European countries. This is the first research in the Spanish market that investigates ex ante and ex post characteristics of IPO firms, using a large database of private held firms that potentially may go public. Some of our results are consistent with previous studies. Our evidence suggests that firms that go public are young firms with large capital expenditures previously to the IPO. However, a firm's need to finance activity is not the main motive to go public, but to achieve the proper conditions to rebalance firm's economic and financial structure. Our results are con…
Monitoring the Internal and External Loads of Young Team Handball Players during Competition
2021
This study aimed to examine the internal- and external-training-load (ITL and ETL, respectively) during a match of young handball players. Field testing included heart-rate monitoring (memory belt, Suunto) as a marker of ITL and accelerometry (motion-biosensor, Actical Respironcis, Philips) as a marker of ETL. Time motion analysis data were obtained by recording the player’s game activities and later analysed with the Matlab software package. T-test and Pearson-product-moment correlation coefficient were used to examine the differences and the relationship between variables collected in the study. The t-test analysis did not show significant differences between the total distance covered (2…
Assessing farming eco-efficiency: a Data Envelopment Analysis approach.
2010
This paper assesses farming eco-efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) techniques. Eco-efficiency scores at both farm and environmental pressure-specific levels are computed for a sample of Spanish farmers operating in the rain-fed agricultural system of Campos County. The determinants of eco-efficiency are then studied using truncated regression and bootstrapping techniques. We contribute to previous literature in this field of research by including information on slacks in the assessment of the potential environmental pressure reductions in a DEA framework. Our results reveal that farmers are quite eco-inefficient, with very few differences emerging among specific environmental …
Availability and consumption of alcoholic beverages: evidence from Finland
2009
The study examines the consumption of alcoholic beverages in Finland over the period 1960 to 2004. Consumption is explained by its own real price, relative prices, expenditure and variables measuring the availability of alcohol. The empirical analysis utilizes information on linkages across different beverages and uses co-integration techniques. The study finds that changes in the availability of alcohol, typically related to institutional changes, have played an important role in determining consumption, especially of beer.
Demographic change, tourism expenditure and life cycle behavior
2015
Abstract The paper explores how demographic changes in human populations may impact on tourism decision-making of households over their life cycle. By means of hurdle models, the study focuses respectively on the decision to travel domestically or abroad and investigates if statistically significant differences exist as to the impact of age and cohort on the decision to travel and tourism expenditure. Using a vast dataset on Italian Household Expenditures over the period 1997–2007 the empirical results show that demographic aspects do have a strong effect on the tourism behaviour of families and that cohort and age effects act differently on the decision of households to make a trip and on …
COLLABORATIVE ECONOMY AS AN INDICATION OF SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION IN RESULTS OF EXAMINED PEOPLE
2017
Sustainable consumption takes inspiration from the newest trends in economics which is a collaborative economy. This type of economy changes the model of organization and distribution based on sharing, using and creating together. The basic aim of this study is pointing out a purpose of a collaborating economy in the accomplishment of sustained consumption rules and in a conscious and self-motivated limit of personal consumption to the purpose of co-sharing. This task is going to be achieved with empirical verification of consumers behavior based on answers to a questionnaire. Research has confirmed the suggested hypothesis. People want to attend in collaborative consumption, which is posit…
De capitanías generales y tesorerías militares: el control financiero y sus dilemas en tiempos de Alejandro Farnesio (siglo XVI)
2015
A partir de fuentes inéditas, este artículo analiza qué tipo de medidas administrativas estableció la Corona en la década de 1580 para someter la gestión financiera de la capitanía general del ejército de Flandes a un control más riguroso. también proporciona evidencias documentales de por qué la Corona desistió en su empeño fiscalizador en esta misma década. Con ello, el artículo muestra la disyuntiva de incrementar o rebajar el control que se planteaba en coyunturas clave. Además, pone de manifiesto el apoderamiento que la función fiscalizadora del consumo de fondos militares podía proporcionar en un escenario de guerra; la resistencia que semejante apoderamiento suscitaba entre los agent…
Physical Activity Levels and Related Energy Expenditure during COVID-19 Quarantine among the Sicilian Active Population: A Cross-Sectional Online Sur…
2020
Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Italian government has adopted containment measures to control the virus’s spread, including limitations to the practice of physical activity (PA). The aim of this study was to estimate the levels of PA, expressed as energy expenditure (MET–minute/week), among the physically active Sicilian population before and during the last seven days of the COVID-19 quarantine. Furthermore, the relation between this parameter and specific demographic and anthropometric variables was analyzed. Methods: 802 Sicilian physically active participants (mean age: 32.27 ± 12.81 years; BMI: 23.44 ± 3.33 kg/m2) were included in the study and…