Search results for "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"
showing 10 items of 1162 documents
Combining tDCS with prismatic adaptation for non-invasive neuromodulation of the motor cortex
2017
Abstract Background Prismatic adaptation (PA) shifts visual field laterally and induces lateralized deviations of spatial attention. Recently, it has been suggested that prismatic goggles are also able to modulate brain excitability, with cognitive after-effects documented even in tasks not necessarily spatial in nature. Objective The aim of the present study was to test whether neuromodulatory effects obtained from tDCS and prismatic goggles could interact and induce homeostatic changes in corticospinal excitability. Methods Thirty-four subjects were submitted to single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the right primary motor cortex to measure Input-Output (IO) curve as a…
Constraints representing a meta-stable régime facilitate exploration during practice and transfer of learning in a complex multi-articular task
2018
Previous investigations have shown that inducing meta-stability\ud in behavior can be achieved by overlapping affordances through constraint\ud manipulation, allowing cooperative and competitive tendencies to\ud functionally coexist. The purpose of this paper was to test a number of\ud conditions applying these design principles on performance during skills\ud practice and transfer. Of additional interest, was whether the existing\ud skill level interacted with the environmental properties of the\ud experimental tasks (varying indoor climbing routes). Two skill groups\ud practised on three routes per session over four separate sessions. At the\ud end of the final session, climbers undertook…
ERP correlates of transposed-letter priming effects: The role of vowels versus consonants
2008
One key issue for any computational model of visual-word recognition is the choice of an input coding scheme for assigning letter position. Recent research has shown that pseudowords created by transposing two letters are very effective at activating the lexical representation of their base words (e.g., relovution activates REVOLUTION). We report a masked priming lexical decision experiment in which the pseudoword primes were created by transposing/replacing two consonants or two vowels while event-related potentials were recorded. The results showed a modulation of the amplitude at an early window (150-250 ms) and at the N400 component for vowels but not for consonant transpositions. In ad…
Music in the moment? Revisiting the effect of large scale structures.
2007
The psychological relevance of large-scale musical structures has been a matter of debate in the music community. This issue was investigated with a method that allows assessing listeners' detection of musical incoherencies in normal and scrambled versions of popular and contemporary music pieces. Musical excerpts were segmented into 28 or 29 chunks. In the scrambled version, the temporal order of these chunks was altered with the constraint that the transitions between two chunks never created local acoustical and musical disruptions. Participants were required (1) to detect on-line incoherent linking of chunks, (2) to rate aesthetic quality of pieces, and (3) to evaluate their overall co…
Early rehabilitation of cancer patients—An individual randomized stepped‐care stress‐management intervention
2018
Objective To evaluate the effects of an individual stepped-care stress-management intervention for cancer patients on cancer-related stress reactions (intrusion/avoidance), and secondarily on psychological distress (anxiety/depression) and emotional reactivity (impatience/hostility). Methods Consecutively 291 cancer patients were included in a randomized controlled intervention study. Patients randomized to the intervention who did not report clinically significant stress levels (n = 72) after the first counseling session participated in only one counseling session and a follow-up (Step 1). The remaining patients (n = 66) received an additional three to eight sessions, depending on individu…
The association between physicians' exercise counseling and physical activity in patients with cancer: Which roles do patients' satisfaction and prev…
2020
Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the association between physicians' exercise counseling and post-diagnosis physical activity (PA) in patients with cancer by investigating the mediating role of patients' satisfaction with exercise counseling as well as the moderating role of patients' previous PA. Methods The study sample consisted of 1002 people with cancer (503 breast, 265 prostate, and 234 colorectal cancer). Participants reported their pre- and post-diagnosis moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) levels, indicated whether their physician had covered different steps of exercise counseling as defined by the 5A framework (Assess, Advise, Agree, Assist, and Arrange) and rated th…
Spectators' Identification with French Sports Teams: A French Adaptation of the Sport Spectator Identification Scale
2007
International audience; Due to the works of Wann and colleagues, spectators' identification with teams has taken on a central role in the study of sports spectators' thought and behavior. However, no research in this area has measured identification with sports teams in the French context. Two studies attempted to develop a valid and reliable French version of the Sport Spectator Identification Scale (SSIS) developed by Wann and Branscombe in 1993 to measure team identification. In Study 1, 200 physical education students completed a French translation of the SSIS and several questions concerning their involvement, investment, and evaluation of the team's future performance. Results showed …
Think globally: Cross-linguistic variation in electrophysiological activity during sentence comprehension
2011
This paper demonstrates systematic cross-linguistic differences in the electrophysiological correlates of conflicts between form and meaning (“semantic reversal anomalies”). These engender P600 effects in English and Dutch (e.g. Kolk et al., 2003 ; Kuperberg et al., 2003), but a biphasic N400 – late positivity pattern in German (Schlesewsky and Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, 2009), and monophasic N400 effects in Turkish (Experiment 1) and Mandarin Chinese (Experiment 2). Experiment 3 revealed that, in Icelandic, semantic reversal anomalies show the English pattern with verbs requiring a position-based identification of argument roles, but the German pattern with verbs requiring a case-based identi…
Cross-cultural music cognition: cognitive methodology applied to North Sami yoiks
2000
This article is a study of melodic expectancy in North Sami yoiks, a style of music quite distinct from Western tonal music. Three different approaches were taken. The first approach was a statistical style analysis of tones in a representative corpus of 18 yoiks. The analysis determined the relative frequencies of tone onsets and two- and three-tone transitions. It also identified style characteristics, such as pentatonic orientation, the presence of two reference pitches, the frequency of large consonant intervals, and a relatively large set of possible melodic continuations. The second approach was a behavioral experiment in which listeners made judgments about melodic continuations. Thr…
What is French for déjà vu? Descriptions of déjà vu in native French and English speakers
2015
Little is known about how people characterise and classify the experience of deja vu. The term deja vu might capture a range of different phenomena and people may use it differently. We examined the description of deja vu in two languages: French and English, hypothesising that the use of deja vu would vary between the two languages. In French, the phrase deja vu can be used to indicate a veridical experience of recognition - as in "I have already seen this face before". However, the same is not true in English. In an online questionnaire, we found equal rates of deja vu amongst French and English speakers, and key differences in how the experience was described. As expected, the French gro…