Search results for "Experimental"

¿Depende el desarrollo de la RAN de la edad de inicio de la lectoescritura?

2018

Antecedentes:La habilidad del alumno para nombrar rápidamente estímulos familiares (RAN) es un factor implicado en el rendimiento lector evaluable de forma indiscriminada a lo largo de los primeros años de escolarización. El objetivode este estudio, pues, es analizar si la adquisición de dicha habilidad depende de variables relacionadas con una iniciación temprana a la lecto-escritura o si su desarrollo se relaciona con factores de madurez cronológica. Método: Para ello se aplicó la prueba RAN a 71 niños de 6-7 años croatas (cultura en la que la iniciación a la lectura es más tardía); a 44 niños de 4-5 años españoles (equiparando los dos grupos por edad de inicio de la lecto-escritura) y a …

Effects of reading real versus print-out versions of multiple documents on students? sourcing and integrated understanding

2018

Abstract This study investigated the extent to which students’ sourcing and comprehension can be supported by the reading of real, as opposed to print-out versions of multiple documents. It was found that the reading of real rather than print-out versions of multiple documents on the issue of climate change increased students’ memory for source information and made them include more specific references to document sources in argument essays that they wrote about the issue. In turn, such increased sourcing in essays mediated the positive effect of reading real versus print-out versions of documents on students’ construction of coherent representations of the documents’ content information. T…

Relaxed and connected: Insights into the emotional–motivational constituents of musical pleasure

2018

Music is a source of daily pleasure, and positive emotional experiences and rewarding functions of music have been actively studied. Yet, knowledge about the interrelatedness of emotional and motivational constituents of musical pleasure is sparse. This study explored the characteristic emotional contents of music-induced pleasure, their relation to motivations for music and whether the underlying dimensionality of these aspects was specific to music (in comparison to the visual domain). Data were collected through an online questionnaire ( N = 464), measuring evoked emotions and motivational pleasure types that the respondents related to a musical piece or a visual object inducing pleasur…

Inhibitory priming in auditory word recognition: Is it really the product of response biases ?

2007

Les études en amorçage phonologique ont révélé des temps de réponse plus lents lorsque des mots cibles sont précédés d’une amorce partageant avec eux les premiers phonèmes. Cependant, l’interprétation de l’effet d’amorçage inhibiteur est source de controverses. Alors que certains auteurs ont interprété l’effet comme reflétant des processus lexicaux, Pitt et Shoaf (2002) ont émis l’hypothèse que l’effet résulterait d’une surprise des participants lorsqu’ils rencontrent le premier essai relié. Pour éviter un tel biais de réponse, nous avons inclus des amorces et des cibles reliées dans la session d’entraînement, et nous avons comparé comme l’ont fait Pitt et  Shoaf, l’amplitude de l’effet sur…

2021

Post-tonal music often poses perceptual and cognitive challenges for listeners, potentially related to the use of relatively uncommon and unfamiliar musical material and compositional processes. As a basic compositional device, repetition affects memory for music and is structured by composers in very different ways across tonal and post-tonal musical repertoires. Of particular concern is whether post-tonal music exhibits mnemonic affordances that allow listeners to experience a sense of global coherence, and whether repetition correlates strongly with aesthetic judgment. Although previous research suggests that repetition impacts aesthetic preference, empirical research has not mapped out …

Imaginary companions, theory of mind and emotion understanding in young children

2014

ABSTRACTThe phenomenon of imaginary companions (ICs) has received little attention in developmental psychology, even though it can be observed in approximately 25% of preschool-aged children. Only a few studies have investigated the effect of ICs on children's theory of mind and emotion understanding, and the results are partial or inconsistent. This study used comprehensive measures to assess emotional understanding and theory of mind in children aged four to six with ICs (N = 24) and compared their performance to that of children without ICs (N = 24). Results showed that children with ICs, regardless of age and gender, have a better theory of mind and emotion understanding than children w…

Influencia de los métodos de enseñanza en el aprendizaje y desarrollo de la lectura

2019

Esta comunicación se encuentra disponible en la siguiente URL: http://www.infad.eu/RevistaINFAD/OJS/index.php/IJODAEP/article/view/1467/1275 Este número está dedicado a la "Psicología de la Educación y Saberes Originarios". En el aprendizaje de la lectura están implicadas habilidades como la conciencia fonológica, la conciencia alfabética o la velocidad de nombramiento. Los distintos métodos de enseñanza influyen de modo diferencial en su adquisición. Este estudio analiza 1) el efecto diferencial de los métodos analíticos y fonológico-sintéticos en la adquisición de estas habilidades básicas, 2) si las diferencias encontradas en función del método siguen el mismo patrón en los 4 primeros cu…

Ocular performance evaluation

2019

Real and virtual three-dimensional (3D) imaging has found useful applications across different areas of health sciences and with the current rapidly progressive development stage we can expect that the use of 3D imaging soon will be a part of a daily visual load for medical personnel. To better understand the possible impact of prolonged work with 3D content on eye accommodative response and pupil size we compared two 3D imaging techniques - volumetric display that is real voxel-based system and anaglyph technique that is virtual pixel-based system. We have investigated accommodative lag and pupil responses in 38 emmetropic young adult after prolonged visual task with volumetric 3D display …

Processing of a spoken narrative in the human brain is shaped by family cultural background

2020

ABSTRACTUsing neuroimaging, we studied influence of family cultural background on processing of an audiobook in human brain. The audiobook depicted life of two young Finnish men, one with the Finnish and the other with the Russian family background. Shared family cultural background enhanced similarity of narrative processing in the brain at prelexical, word, sentence, and narrative levels. Similarity was also enhanced in brain areas supporting imagery. The cultural background was further reflected as semantic differences in word lists by which the subjects described what had been on their minds when they heard the audiobook during neuroimaging. Strength of social identity shaped word, sent…

The power of status: What determines one's reactions to anger in a social situation?

2017

Abstract The present study examined how social status and gender determine anger expression and behavioral reactions toward experienced anger. In two experiments, anger was induced in a staged social interaction. Behavioral anger reactions were judged by observers. In Experiment 1 ( equal status condition ; N  = 110) participants were provoked by a confederate, in Experiment 2 ( low status condition ; N  = 116) participants were provoked by the experimenter. We found that participants expressed their anger to a lesser extent, were less resistant, and engaged in submissive behaviors if they had a lower status than the anger-target. As expected, gender had a moderating effect: While women's a…