Search results for "Experiments"

showing 10 items of 435 documents

The magnet of the scattering and neutrino detector for the SHiP experiment at CERN

2019

The Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) experiment proposal at CERN demands a dedicated dipole magnet for its scattering and neutrino detector. This requires a very large volume to be uniformly magnetized at B > 1.2 T, with constraints regarding the inner instrumented volume as well as the external region, where no massive structures are allowed and only an extremely low stray field is admitted. In this paper we report the main technical challenges and the relevant design options providing a comprehensive design for the magnet of the SHiP Scattering and Neutrino Detector.

TechnologyPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectorswigglers and undulators)magnet: designPermanent magnet devicesPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsengineering01 natural sciences7. Clean energy09 Engineering030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingradiation hardened magnetsSubatomär fysik0302 clinical medicineDipole magnetSubatomic PhysicsNeutrino detectorsDetectors and Experimental TechniquesInstruments & InstrumentationInstrumentationphysics.ins-detAcceleration cavities and magnets superconducting (high-temperature superconductor; radiation hardened magnets; normal-conducting; permanent magnet devices; wigglers and undulators)Mathematical PhysicsPhysics02 Physical SciencesLarge Hadron ColliderInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)magnet: technologyNuclear & Particles Physicsbending magnetneutrino: detectorNeutrino detectornormal-conductingAcceleration cavities and magnets superconducting (high-temperature superconductorproposed experimentCERN LabRadiation hardened magnetsFOS: Physical sciencesNormal-conductingAccelerator Physics and InstrumentationNuclear physics03 medical and health sciences0103 physical sciencespermanent magnet devices[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Wigglers and undulators)normal-conducting magnetsScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physicsAcceleratorfysik och instrumenteringLarge detector systems for particle physicsHigh temperature superconductors Neutrons Permanent magnets Ships Superconducting magnets Wigglers Astroparticle physics Comprehensive designs Massive structures Neutrino detectors Normal-conducting Radiation-hardened Ship experiments Technical challenges Particle detectorsVolume (thermodynamics)MagnetAcceleration cavities and magnets superconducting (high-temperature superconductor; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Neutrino detectors; Normal-conducting; Permanent magnet devices; Radiation hardened magnets; Wigglers and undulators)High Energy Physics::Experimentneutrino detectors
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L'intonaco Li Vigni nell'architettura del XX secolo a Palermo. Nuove conoscenze e applicazioni diagnostiche per la manutenzione

2013

Il saggio presenta lo studio degli intonaci formulati per imitare le pietre e i marmi naturali che si diffondono in Sicilia all’inizio del XX secolo ed evidenzia che le prime applicazioni e la diffusione delle nuove malte, anche nel resto dell’Italia, risentono delle sperimentazioni condotte in tutta l’Europa. Il contributo riassume i risultati di una rigorosa e capillare ricognizione tra i brevetti conservati presso l’Archivio Centrale dello Stato a Roma inerenti alle malte per il confezionamento dell’intonaco a “finta pietra”, ne analizza i contenuti in modo critico e pone in risalto i contatti culturali con le sperimentazioni dei materiali in atto nell’ambito dei grandi cantieri di resta…

The paper presents the study of the plaster formulated to imitate the natural stones and marbles that are popular in Sicily in the early twentieth century and points out that the first applications and the dissemination of new mortars also in the rest of Italy feels the influence of the experiments conducted throughout Europe . The contribution summarizes the results of a rigorous and thorough reconnaissance of patents kept in the Archivio Centrale dello Stato in Rome relating to mortars for plastering an artificial stone critically analyzes the content and emphasizes cultural contacts with the experiments on large-scale restoration projects in Italy and France in the late nineteenth century. The analysis of the architectural surfaces is developed with instrumental tests: the levels of adhesion of finishing surface are characterized in particular through a campaign of thermographic investigations and diagnosis is drawn to show that the consolidation of the layers and reintegration are interventions to be introduced ​​within the restoration project and maintenance program.Settore ICAR/19 - Restauro
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Measurement of the Convective Heat-Transfer Coefficient

2014

We propose an experiment for investigating how objects cool down toward the thermal equilibrium with its surrounding through convection. We describe the time dependence of the temperature difference of the cooling object and the environment with an exponential decay function. By measuring the thermal constant tau, we determine the convective heat-transfer coefficient, which is a characteristic constant of the convection system.

Thermal equilibriumConvectionPhysicsNatural thermal convectionPhysics - Physics EducationFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyHeat transfer coefficientMechanicsLaboratory experiments and apparatusEducationPhysics::Fluid DynamicsPhysics Education (physics.ed-ph)Temperature differenceExponential decayConstant (mathematics)Thermal constantNatural thermal convection; Laboratory experiments and apparatus
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Benefits of solvent concentration pulses in retention time modelling of liquid chromatography

2019

The advantages and disadvantages of the use of isocratic experimental designs including transient increments of organic solvent (i.e., pulses) in the mobile phase(s) of lowest elution strength are explored with modelling purposes. For retained solutes, this type of mixed design offers similar or better predictive capability than gradient designs, shorter measurement time than pure isocratic designs, and retention model parameters that agree with those derived from pure isocratic experiments, with similar uncertainties. The predicted retention times are comparable to those offered by models adjusted from pure isocratic designs, and the solvent waste is appreciably lower. Under a practical st…

Time FactorsChromatographyChemistryElutionDesign of experiments010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral Medicine010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyIntegral equation0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical ChemistryPulse (physics)Numerical integrationSolventModels ChemicalPhase (matter)SolventsChromatography LiquidJournal of Chromatography A
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First Observation of Top Quark Production in the Forward Region

2015

Top quark production in the forward region in proton-proton collisions is observed for the first time. The W + b final state with W → μν is reconstructed using muons with a transverse momentum, p[subscript T], larger than 25 GeV in the pseudorapidity range 2.0 20  GeV. The results are based on data corresponding to integrated luminosities of 1.0 and 2.0  fb[superscript -1] collected at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV by LHCb. The inclusive top quark production cross sections in the fiducial region are σ(top)[7  TeV] = 239 ± 53(stat) ± 33(syst) ± 24(theory)  fb, σ(top)[8  TeV] = 289 ± 43(stat) ± 40(syst) ± 29(theory)  fb.These results, along with the observed differential yields and c…

Top quarkParticle physicsPhysics MultidisciplinaryGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesJets in large-Q2 scatteringSettore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e SubnucleareHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentStandard ModelNONuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]RapiditySDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicslhcbMuon/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energyScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleParticle physicsSigmaCharge (physics)Top quarkHEP14.70.FmPseudorapidity13.87.-aPhysical SciencesW boson14.65.HaProduction (computer science)High Energy Physics::ExperimentLHCFísica de partículesExperimentsDECAYParticle Physics - Experiment
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Testing experimental designs in liquid chromatography (II): Influence of the design geometry on the prediction performance of retention models.

2021

Abstract In liquid chromatography, the reliability of predictions carried out with retention models depends critically on the quality of the training experimental design. The search of the best design is more complex when gradient runs are used instead of isocratic experiments. In Part I of this work (JCA 1624 (2020) 461180), a general methodology based on the error propagation theory was developed and validated for assessing the quality of training designs involving gradients. The treatment relates the mathematical properties of a retention model with the geometry of the training designs and their subsequent predictions. In that work, only five usual designs were considered. Part II invest…

Training designPropagation of uncertaintyBox plotChromatographyChemistryDesign of experimentsOrganic ChemistryWork (physics)Mathematical propertiesReproducibility of ResultsGeometryGeneral MedicineBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryDistribution (mathematics)Models ChemicalResearch DesignReliability (statistics)Chromatography LiquidJournal of chromatography. A
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Charged and Neutral Current Neutrino Induced Nucleon Emission Reactions

2006

Presented by J. Nieves at the XX Max Born Symposium “Nuclear Effects in Neutrino Interactions”, Wrocław, Poland, December 7–10, 2005.

UNESCO::FÍSICA::NucleónicaAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNuclear TheoryUNESCO::FÍSICAFOS: Physical sciencesMonte Carlo cascade method:FÍSICA::Nucleónica [UNESCO]Nucleon emissionHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyNeutrino experimentsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph):FÍSICA [UNESCO]Monte Carlo cascade method ; Nucleon emission ; Neutrino experimentsNuclear Experiment
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Editorial: Interrogating the design of smart, sustainable, and socially just urban spaces: A look at institutions, places, and values

2022

The article is the Editorial on the Research Topic Interrogating the design of smart, sustainable, and socially just urban spaces: A look at institutions, places, and values, which explore the dynamics between the socio-technological processes – value-based design being foremost among them – through which urban space emerges and takes on meaning. Furthermore, they engage with the question of how institutional design principles shape citizen participation in these processes.

Urban StudiesUrban experiments Value-driven design Participation Public value Sustainability Smart and intelligent technologiesFairnessSustainabilityPublic AdministrationSmart and intelligent technologiesRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentParticipationSocially justUrban experimentsSettore ICAR/21 - UrbanisticaValue-driven designPublic Value (PV)Frontiers in Sustainable Cities
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Effects of Dissolved Complexation on REE Fate During Interactions between Volcanic Ash and Coexisting Fluids

2013

AbstractThis work analyzes REE behavior during the delivery of volcanic ash into a marine system and highlights the effects induced by dissolved carbonate and humate complexes on REE release. Kinetic experiments were carried out during a 6-month period using a batch method approach. Results show that the highest degree of REE leaching occurs during the early stage. Altered phases that crystallize induce REE sorption and dissolved complexation towards surface complexation, concurrent processes that are enhanced by Y/Ho, La/Yb, and Ce/Ce* changes, whereas dissolved humates and carbonates influence the dissolution rate of ash and the dissolved REE behavior.

Volcanic ash dissolutionEffect of dissolved complexesBatch methodGeochemistryEarth and Planetary Sciences(all)SorptionGeneral MedicineSurface complexationchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryEnvironmental chemistryRare earth elements leachingCarbonateKinetic experimentsLeaching (metallurgy)DissolutionGeologygeochemistryVolcanic ashProcedia Earth and Planetary Science
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TRACE ELEMENT BEHAVIOUR IN SEAWATER DURING PYROCLASTIC ETNA'S ACTIVITY IN 2001. CONCURRENT EFFECTS OF NUTRIENTS AND FORMATION OF ALTERATION MINERALS

2010

From July 13 2001 began the most intense Etna's eruptive activity in the last 300 years. While this phenomenon occurred the oceanographic cruise ANSIC 01 was carrying out. Therefore the unique opportunity is arisen to investigate the chemical effects on marine system of delivery of large amount of pyroclastic particles (about 1 g m-2) into seawater. Comparing collected trace element data with those analysed during the oceanographic cruise JUVENILE 99, carried out two years before, large enrichments in V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu and Pb contents have been recognised and attributed to leaching of freshly-erupted volcanic ash. Further comparison between to-day and previous collected trace element da…

Volcanic ash trace element leaching kinetic experiments chlorophyll-αSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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