Search results for "Expert"
showing 10 items of 485 documents
I traffici illeciti nel Mediterraneo. Persone, stupefacenti, tabacco
2019
Attraverso la combinazione di ricerca criminologica e giuridico-normativa, e grazie anche alla collaborazione con esperti esterni (studiosi, magistrati, rappresentanti di istituzioni italiane e straniere), la ricerca da cui scaturisce il volume ha indagato le interazioni tra i diversi traffici illeciti e la criminalità organizzata nel bacino del Mediterraneo. In tale area, storicamente cruciale per la mobilità di persone e di beni, l’attenzione si è rivolta in particolare ai fenomeni del traffico e della tratta di persone, del traffico di stupefacenti e del contrabbando di sigarette. I contributi raccolti – unitamente al rapporto criminologico e ai cinque rapporti nazionali accessibili su w…
Auditory Profiles of Classical, Jazz, and Rock Musicians: Genre-Specific Sensitivity to Musical Sound Features
2016
When compared with individuals without explicit training in music, adult musicians have facilitated neural functions in several modalities. They also display structural changes in various brain areas, these changes corresponding to the intensity and duration of their musical training. Previous studies have focused on investigating musicians with training in Western classical music. However, musicians involved in different musical genres may display highly differentiated auditory profiles according to the demands set by their genre, i.e., varying importance of different musical sound features. This hypothesis was tested in a novel melody paradigm including deviants in tuning, timbre, rhythm,…
Effect of expertise on boundary extension in approach sequences
2017
International audience; In a constantly changing environment, one of the conditions for adaptation is based on the visual system's ability to realize predictions. In this context, a question that arises is the evolution of the processes allowing anticipation with regard to the acquisition of knowledge relative to specific situations. We sought to study this question by focusing on boundary extension, the tendency to overestimate the scope of a previously perceived scene. We presented to novice, beginner, and expert car drivers road scenes in the form of approach sequences constituting very briefly displayed photographs (i.e., 250 milliseconds each), in order to determine the effect of exper…
Prospective mathematics teachers’ self-referential metaphors as indicators of the emerging professional identity
2019
Ideals play a key role in a student teachers’ identity work. They form targets to strive for and a mirror for reflection. In this paper, we examine Finnish mathematics student teachers’ metaphors for the teacher’s role (N= 188). We classified the metaphors according to a model that identified teachers as subject matter experts, didactical experts, and pedagogical experts, with the addition of another two categories, self-referential and contextual. For the exploration of emerging professional identities, we studied the self-referential metaphors, which formed the most common category in the data. We observed that every third metaphor described either student teachers’ personalities or their…
Advances in the molecular modeling and quantitative structure–activity relationship-based design for antihistamines
2013
Nowadays the use of antihistamines (AH) is increasing steadily. These drugs are able to act on a variety of pathological conditions of the organism. A number of computer-aided (in silico) approaches have been developed to discover and develop novel AH drugs. Among these methods stand the ones based on drug-receptor docking, thermodynamics, as well as the quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR).This review collates the most recent advances in the use of computer approaches for the search and characterization of novel AH drugs. Within the QSAR methods, particular attention will be paid to those based on molecular topology (MT) because of their demonstrated efficacy in discovering…
Multiple-attribute decision support system based on fuzzy logic for performance assessment
2005
Abstract This paper deals with the problem of assessing the performance of a set of production units, simultaneously considering different kinds of information, yielded by a Data Envelopment Analysis, a qualitative data analysis and an expert assessment. The tool for integrating heterogeneous data is a model that applies fuzzy logic to decision support systems. The results obtained are a holistic performance assessment of each unit of the set and a ranking order of the units.
Feedback-Based Algorithm for Negotiating Human Preferences and Making Risk Assessment Decisions
2023
Work equipment risk assessment is essential for guaranteeing health and safety of workers in industrial contexts.Many and varied hazards are involved in the use of equipment,which have to be periodically subject to thorough controls required by law. This research proposes a novel hybrid decision-making framework aimed at integrating flexible negotiation on human preferences. This goal will be achieved by establishing effective feedback exchanges with expert(s) familiarwith the field of risk and maintenance of work equipment. We extend a previous research that proposed a user-friendly negotiation procedure to increase consistency of judgments provided by experts about relevant risk factors. …
Static and animated presentations in learning dynamic mechanical systems
2009
Abstract In two experiments, we investigated how learners comprehend the functioning of a three-pulley system from a presentation on a computer screen. In the first experiment (N = 62) we tested the effect of static vs. animated presentations on comprehension. In the second experiment (N = 45), we tested the effect of user-control of an animated presentation on comprehension. In both experiments the participants were university students. Comprehension was measured with a test including three comprehension indicators. The first experiment indicated that an animation as well as integrated sequential static frames enhanced comprehension. The second experiment showed that a controllable animati…
Knowledge Acquisition from Multiple Experts Based on Semantics of Concepts
1999
This paper presents one approach to acquire knowledge from multiple experts. The experts are grouped into a multilevel hierarchical structure, according to the type of knowledge acquired. The first level consists of experts who have knowledge about the basic objects and their relationships. The second level of experts includes those who have knowledge about the relationships of the experts at the first level and each higher level accordingly. We show how to derive the most supported opinion among the experts at each level. This is used to order the experts into categories of their competence defined as the support they get from their colleagues.
Predictive error detection in pianists: A combined ERP and motion capture study
2013
Performing a piece of music involves the interplay of several cognitive and motor processes and requires extensive training to achieve a high skill level. However, even professional musicians commit errors occasionally. Previous event-related potential (ERP) studies have investigated the neurophysiological correlates of pitch errors during piano performance, and reported pre-error negativity already occurring approximately 70–100 ms before the error had been committed and audible. It was assumed that this pre-error negativity reflects predictive control processes that compare predicted consequences with actual consequences of one's own actions. However, in previous investigations, correct a…