Search results for "Expert"
showing 10 items of 485 documents
Noninvasive respiratory support in the hypoxaemic peri-operative/periprocedural patient: A joint ESA/ESICM guideline.
2020
Hypoxaemia is a potential life-threatening yet common complication in the peri-operative and periprocedural patient (e.g. during an invasive procedure at risk of deterioration of gas exchange, such as bronchoscopy). The European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA) and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) developed guidelines for the use of noninvasive respiratory support techniques in the hypoxaemic patient in the peri-operative and periprocedural period. The panel outlined five clinical questions regarding treatment with noninvasive respiratory support techniques [conventional oxygen therapy (COT), high flow nasal cannula, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) a…
User participation in knowledge update of expert systems
1997
Abstract Applying the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) of persuasion we conducted an experiment to examine the effect of participation of users in the design process on their acceptance of system recommendations and revision of their original decisions. Results of our study indicate that two different types of information processing occur when subjects are reviewing the expert system recommendations. 1. (i) For users who have a high perceived level of participation in updating the knowledge of the ES, ambiguity of the decision setting is the primary determinant affecting acceptance of the recommendation from the ES. 2. (ii) For users who have a low perceived level of participation in upda…
Clinical benefits of ezetimibe use: is absence of proof, proof of absence?
2012
Doggrell reviewed the evidence regarding the clinical benefits of ezetimibe in the July issue of Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy [1]. The author concludes that since clinical outcome data are sti...
Rule-guided identification of cosmic-ray patterns in PLASTEX
1992
Some techniques devised in the computer science fields of pattern recognition and expert systems are being applied to the interpretation of EAS responses in the PLASTEX experiment. An attempt is made to codity in a set of rules the expertise of trained researchers who are able to recognize and classify different hit patterns even in the presence of noisy background, and in spite of imperfections in the detector response. The patterns expected to be useful include, but are not limited to, track patterns. The software described here, as a progress report, automatically finds patterns corresponding to isolated tracks, and patterns composed of tracks that connect with each other in a layer of d…
A Novel Framework of an Expert System by integrating Capability Approach and BRB to Evaluate E-Government Services
2015
Capability approach is hard to operationalize and capabilities are sometimes difficult to reduce into the individual level. We describe our approach to solve these problems paired with an adequate ICT infrastructure and believe that the impact of concrete eGovernment services will become more visible and available. Citizens can inspect it, professionals can target their re-engineering on failure cases, learn from best cases, and researchers can compare different types of eGovernment. The solving of operationalisation will also strengthen the capability approach, by extending its scope from macro theory towards more easy application on the institutional and organizational levels. Validerad; …
The role of standard software packages in mediating management accounting knowledge
2006
PurposeThis paper aims to analyse how cost accounting knowledge is mediated in a large multinational organisation employing a company‐wide enterprise resource planning system and off‐the‐shelf activity based costing software to create a uniform profitability management system within the organisation.Design/methodology/approachThe case analysis is informed by the theoretical notions of dis‐and re‐embedding of expert knowledge, expert systems and standards.FindingsThe results indicate that standardised cost accounting software packages may be useful not only because of their superior data processing properties and technical efficiency, but also because of their usability in overcoming resista…
From Individual Cognition to Communities of Practice
2006
Modelling in evaluating a working life project in higher education
2012
Abstract This article describes an evaluation method based on collaboration between the higher education, a care home and university, in a RD (2) comprehensive data collection methods are needed; (3) shared tools can be developed in interactive forums in ongoing evaluation, and (4) modelling makes professional expertise visible and brakes boundaries between different professions.
A Proposed Knowledge Based Approach for Solving Proteomics Issues
2010
In this paper we present a novel knowledge-based approach that aims at helping scientists to face and resolve a large number of proteomics problem. The system architecture is based on an ontology to model the knowledge base, a reasoner that starting from the user's request and a set of rules builds the workflow of tasks to be done, and an executor that runs the algorithms and software scheduled by the reasoner. The system can interact with the user showing him intermediate results and several options in order to refine the workflow and supporting him to choose among different forks. Thanks to the presence of the knowledge base and the modularity provided by the ontology, the system can be e…
A performance evaluation of the expert system 'Jaundice' in comparison with that of three hepatologists.
1991
The diagnostic performance of an Expert System (Jaundice) designed to discriminate between different causes of jaundice was evaluated in a test sample of 200 consecutive in-patients with serum bilirubin greater than or equal to 51 mumol/l. The average probability assigned to true diagnosis, the non-error rate and the overall accuracy were, respectively, 55%, 77% and 70%. The Expert System's discriminatory ability in probabilistic prediction, assessed by a method based on continuous functions of the diagnostic probabilities (Brier score) was good. We also compared the ability of our Expert System to that of three experienced hepatologists, who were required to give a diagnosis in 20 cases fo…