Search results for "Expert"
showing 10 items of 485 documents
Argumentative reasoning and taxonomic analysis for the identification of medical errors
2015
Telemedicine consists of the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the practice of medicine. The massive digitalisation of the society is changing the behaviour of ordinary people even in medical sectors. The impact of digitisation is also having impacts on teleexpertise, where a medical professional can remotely ask some advices through the use of ICTs to provide treatment to a patient in critical conditions in remote environment. However, sometimes the outcome of such advice obtained remotely can lead to medical errors. In these situations, it is important to determine whether the causes of the errors could have been avoidable or not for the purposes of establishing …
Artificial intelligence techniques for cancer treatment planning
1988
An artificial intelligence system, NEWCHEM, for the development of new oncology therapies is described. This system takes into account the most recent advances in molecular and cellular biology and in cell-drug interaction, and aims to guide experimentation in the design of new optimal protocols. Further work is being carried out, aimed to embody in the system all the basic knowledge of biology, physiopathology and pharmacology, to reason qualitatively from first principles so as to be able to suggest cancer therapies.
An ontology for cognitive mimetics
2018
AI and autonomous systems are intended to replace people in several jobs. People have worked in these jobs being able to execute the required information processing. This implies that new technical artefacts must be able to perform equitably effective information processing. Thus, it makes sense to develop the analysis of human information processing in designing intelligent systems. This approach has been termed cognitive mimetics. This paper studies how it would be practical to gain knowledge about human information processing and organize this knowledge using ontologies.
Minimal clinically important difference for asthma endpoints: an expert consensus report
2020
Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) can be defined as the smallest change or difference in an outcome measure that is perceived as beneficial and would lead to a change in the patient's medical management.The aim of the current expert consensus report is to provide a “state-of-the-art” review of the currently available literature evidence about MCID for end-points to monitor asthma control, in order to facilitate optimal disease management and identify unmet needs in the field to guide future research.A series of MCID cut-offs are currently available in literature and validated among populations of asthmatic patients, with most of the evidence focusing on outcomes as patient repo…
Travail et temps de l'expertise artistique
2020
International audience
Independence, Expertise and Experience of Audit Committees: Some Aspects of Indian Corporate Sector
2013
The current study is based on the review of literature to analyses how independence, expertise and experience of audit committees can influence the quality of financial reporting. After studying a vast and diverse range of literature pertaining to the audit committees and governance issues, an effort has been made through this study to demonstrate several aspects of independence of audit committee, for example, informativeness, CEO’s power, frequency of meetings, substitutability and complementarity with alternative corporate governance mechanisms, directors’ share ownership, earning management etc. Similarly a wide range of literature based on utility of financial and accounting knowhow an…
Musical expertise modulates functional connectivity of limbic regions during continuous music listening.
2015
Music is known to be an important facet of all human cultures (Merriam, 1964). Listening to music in order to influence moods, evoke strong emotions, and derive pleasure is becoming increasingly common, especially in this day and age when access to music is easy and quick. In recent years, exploring the neural correlates of musical emotions has attracted the attention of neuroscientists (Brattico & Pearce, 2013; Koelsch, Fritz, v. Cramon, Muller, & Friederici, 2006). However, the majority of these studies have not accounted for the effect of musical expertise, despite increasing evidence of structural and functional differences between musicians and nonmusicians, particularly in the regions…
Modifying auditory perception with prisms? Aftereffects of prism adaptation on a wide auditory spectrum in musicians and nonmusicians
2021
Prism adaptation consists of pointing to visual targets while wearing prisms that shift the visual field laterally. The aftereffects are not restricted to sensorimotor level but extend to spatial cognition. There is a link between spatial representation and auditory frequency, with an association of low frequencies on the left side and high frequencies on the right side of space. The present study aimed first at evaluating the representation of auditory frequencies on a wide range of frequencies in musicians and nonmusicians. We used the ‘auditory interval bisection judgment’ within three auditory intervals. The results showed a pseudoneglect behavior in pretest in musicians and nonmusician…
Automated agent-based system for weather information
2009
Road accidents are well correlated with bad weather conditions. In traffic management, several strategies have been considered in order to reduce this kind of accidents. Weather problems can cause difficult situations for the traffic management decision-makers. They need to analyze and absorb a large quantity of information in order to solve some problems due to bad weather. An automated agent-based system is a good solution to help decision-makers in the management of weather information to road users in relation to traffic conditions.In this paper, a distributed system based in autonomous agents and rules for road weather information has been proposed. Also the detection procedure is expl…
Constrained consistency enforcement in AHP
2020
Abstract Decision-making in the presence of intangible elements must be based on a robust, but subtle, balance between expert know-how and judgment consistency when eliciting that know-how. This balance is frequently achieved as a trade-off reached after a feedback process softens the tension frequently found between one force steadily pulling towards (full) consistency, and another force driven by expert feeling and opinion. The linearization method, developed by the authors in the framework of the analytic hierarchy process, is a pull-towards-consistency mechanism that shows the path from an inconsistent body of judgment elicited from an expert towards consistency, by suggesting optimal c…