Search results for "Explosive material"
showing 10 items of 49 documents
Cover Picture: Scaffold-Optimized Dendrimers for the Detection of the Triacetone Triperoxide Explosive Using Quartz Crystal Microbalances (ChemPlusCh…
2012
Scaffold-Optimized Dendrimers for the Detection of the Triacetone Triperoxide Explosive Using Quartz Crystal Microbalances
2012
The 15 March 2007 explosive crisis at Stromboli Volcano, Italy: assessing physical parameters through a multidisciplinary approach
2011
Basaltic volcanoes are dominated by lava emission and mild explosive activity. Nevertheless, many basaltic systems exhibit, from time to time, poorly documented and little-understood violent explosions. A short-lived, multiblast explosive crisis (paroxysmal explosion) occurred on 15 March 2007 during an effusive eruptive crisis at Stromboli (Italy). The explosive crisis, which started at 20:38:14 UT, had a total duration of ∼5 min. The combined use of multiparametric data collected by the permanent instrumental networks (seismic, acoustic, and thermal records) and a field survey carried out immediately after the event enabled us to constrain the eruptive dynamics and quantify physical param…
Scientific and Technical Contributions from Research Projects
2019
The main goal of this project is to demonstrate the advantages of sensor integration on a remotely controlled robotic platform for increasing operator safety and improving the classification of explosive targets. This is accomplished by combining the imaging provided by radars and an optoelectronic sensor, a time-of-flight (ToF) depth camera. An additional aim is to demonstrate the operability and practicality of the system in a field with landmine simulants having plastic cases.
The role of melt-fracture degassing in defusing explosive rhyolite eruptions at volcán Chaitén
2012
Explosive volcanic eruptions of silicic magma often evolve towards non-explosive emissions of lava. The mechanisms underlying this transition remain unclear, however, a widely cited idea holds that shear-induced magma fragmentation plays a critical role by fostering volatile loss from fragmentary magma and through ash-filled cracks termed tuffisite. We test this hypothesis by measuring H2O concentrations within glassy tuffisite from the 2008–2011 rhyolitic eruption at volcan Chaiten, Chile. We show that while H2O concentrations decrease next to tuffisite veins and at the margins of obsidian fragments, the depletions cannot account for the disparity in H2O between explosively and effusively …
Analysis of hazardous chemicals by “stand alone” drift tube ion mobility spectrometry: a review
2020
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a widely used technique based on gas phase ion separation under an electric field by differences in ion mobilities. In the last decade, IMS techniques have received increased attention due to their high operational speed and sensitivity. Currently, there are different IMS devices focused on solving different analytical performances, mainly based on linear drift tube (DT IMS), traveling wave, and field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometers. In this review we summarize the main applications of DT-IMS devices for the determination of semi-volatile hazardous chemicals such as: illegal drugs, pesticides, explosives, chemical warfare agents, and others,…
Stability of nitroaromatic specialty explosives in reversed-phase liquid chromatographic systems
2008
Abstract In this study, the stability of 2,4-dinitroanisole, 2,2′,4,4′,6,6′-hexanitrodiphenylsulfide, 2,3,4,6-tetranitroaniline, 2,4,6-trinitroaniline, 2,4,6-trinitroanisole, and 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene in liquid chromatographic systems was studied under different solvent/eluent conditions. Stock solutions of the explosives were prepared in acetonitrile and diluted with acetone/water, acetonitrile/water, or methanol/water mixtures. Within 48 h, these working solutions were repeatedly injected onto a silica column and eluted with acetonitrile/water or methanol/water mobile phases. Under all conditions, 2,4-dinitroanisole was stable, whereas 2,4,6-trinitroaniline was stable only in the me…
Towards the fluorogenic detection of peroxide explosives through host-guest chemistry
2018
[EN] Two dansyl-modified beta-cyclodextrin derivatives (1 and 2) have been synthesized as host-guest sensory systems for the direct fluorescent detection of the peroxide explosives diacetone diperoxide (DADP) and triacetone triperoxide (TATP) in aqueous media. The sensing is based on the displacement of the dansyl moiety from the cavity of the cyclodextrin by the peroxide guest resulting in a decrease of the intensity of the fluorescence of the dye. Both systems showed similar fluorescent responses and were more sensitive towards TATP than DADP.
ChemInform Abstract: Optical Chemosensors and Reagents to Detect Explosives
2012
This critical review is focused on examples reported from 1947 to 2010 related to the design of chromo-fluorogenic chemosensors and reagents for explosives (141 references).
NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Explosives Detection
2019
As of 2017, there are an estimated 100 million abandoned land mines littered across 61 countries. Following the wars in Afghanistan, Libya, Syria, Yemen, and Ukraine, there has been a rise in casualties due to the triggering of previously-abandoned explosive devices. The above institutions combined specialties to develop a remotely-operable, multisensor, robotic device for the detection of land mines, UXO (1), and IEDs (2). The robotic detection device uses novel subsurface radar with imaging and target classification to differentiate between threatening landmines and innocuous clutter. The expected outcome of this research is the creation of a multi-sensor system on a semi-autonomous vehic…