Search results for "Exposure"
showing 10 items of 1125 documents
B cell immunosenescence in the elderly and in centenarians.
2008
The elderly suffer from an increased susceptibility to infectious disease and cancer. Aging of the immune system contributes to this state of affairs due to immunosenescence. Because repeated intermittent or chronic antigen exposure may lead to lymphocyte clonal exhaustion, chronic antigenic stress plays a part in the compromised immunity of the elderly, who have accumulated a lifetime's exposure to infectious agents, autoantigens, and cancer antigens. Literature on immunosenescence has focused mainly on T cell impairment, but B cell compartment is also affected. The age-dependent B cell changes documented by the present review indicate that advanced age per se is a condition characterized …
Fetal and perinatal desths: drugs exposure duruing pregancy
2009
The presentation of this review will focus attention on the area of pediatric forensic medicine and the importance of through investigation of these deaths not only for the appropriate classification of the cause adn manner of deaths, but for complete documentation of toxicological data and pathological findings wich may provide essential informations about the circumstances surrounding the death and possible contributory mechanism.
An aggregate air quality index considering interactions among pollutants
2009
Several countries provide an Air Quality Index (AQI) to communicate air pollution, but there is not a unique and nternationally accepted methodology for constructing it. The most of the proposed indices are based on the USA AQI by EPA and are defined by the value of the pollutant with the highest concentration. For each pollutant, a sub-index is computed by linear interpolation according to the grid in a table, but the breakpoints of such a table may differ from one country to another, as well as the descriptors of each category, the air quality standards, the functions chosen as daily synthesis to aggregate hourly values at each site for each pollutant, and so on. Anyway the main drawback …
Energy balance in single exposure multispectral sensors
2013
International audience; Recent simulations of multispectral sensors are based on a simple Gaussian model, which includes filters transmittance and substrate absorption. In this paper we want to make the distinction between these two layers. We discuss the balance of energy by channel in multispectral solid state sensors and propose an updated simple Gaussian model to simulate multispectral sensors. Results are based on simulation of typical sensor configurations.
Real-time High Dynamic Range based on Multiple Non Destructive ReadOut during a Single Exposure
2017
This paper presents a new method based on Non Destructive Readout (NDRO) to improve multi-exposure High Dynamic Range (HDR) Imaging. A sequence of Low-Dynamic Range (LDR) images can then be acquired during a single exposure. The concept enables the latency between LDR images to be removed as well as the intrinsic ghost artifacts observed using state-of-art HDR systems based on multi-exposures. The method has been applied to improve the performances of HDR sensor based on logarithmic pixels. Using the NDRO method, a Short Wave InfraRed (SWIR) camera has been designed to produce HDR IR videos. A real-time HDR video stream generation is achieved based on GPU implantation.
Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System
2018
Abstract Noise has been found associated with annoyance, stress, sleep disturbance, and impaired cognitive performance. Furthermore, epidemiological studies have found that environmental noise is associated with an increased incidence of arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke. Observational and translational studies indicate that especially nighttime noise increases levels of stress hormones and vascular oxidative stress, which may lead to endothelial dysfunction and arterial hypertension. Novel experimental studies found aircraft noise to be associated with oxidative stress–induced vascular damage, mediated by activation of the NADPH oxidase, uncoupling of …
In vitro contamination of hair by marijuana smoke.
2004
Abstract Background: The deposition of cannabinoids on/into hair from environmental smoke can be considered as a potential source of drug findings in hair. We studied external uptake of cannabinoids from marijuana smoke, investigating possible influencing factors on drug uptake and the efficiency of decontamination procedures. Methods: Strands of a natural hair sample were moistened with water, greased with sebum or sebum/sweat, or bleached or permed. Treated and untreated samples were exposed to marijuana smoke for 60 min. Aliquots of each hair strand were either kept unwashed or were washed with methanol, dichloromethane, or 5 g/L dodecyl sulfate in water. Cannabinoid concentrations in un…
Virtual Reality as a Medium to Elicit Empathy: A Meta-Analysis.
2020
The current meta-analysis aims to investigate and clarify existing research on virtual reality (VR) as a medium to elicit empathy. An exhaustive literature search (updated to February 29, 2020) enabled us to locate seven published articles, yielding a total of nine independent samples. The results reveal statistically significant positive changes in perspective-taking outcomes after VR exposure (
Instagram Inspiration: How Upward Comparison on Social Network Sites Can Contribute to Well-Being
2020
Abstract Passive exposure to others’ positive self-presentations on social network sites (SNS) such as Instagram has been repeatedly associated with reduced well-being, particularly by triggering upward social comparison and envy. However, prior research has largely neglected that upward comparisons on SNS may also facilitate positive outcomes, specifically media-induced inspiration, a motivational state highly conducive to well-being. We conducted two experiments that tested whether and how cognitive-affective processing of visual SNS postings results in inspiration. Study 1 (N = 270) provides first evidence that users react to more positive, optimized Instagram nature and travel posts wit…
Tears evoke the intention to offer social support: A systematic investigation of the interpersonal effects of emotional crying across 41 countries
2021
Tearful crying is a ubiquitous and likely uniquely human phenomenon. Scholars have argued that emotional tears serve an attachment function: Tears are thought to act as a social glue by evoking social support intentions. Initial experimental studies supported this proposition across several methodologies, but these were conducted almost exclusively on participants from North America and Europe, resulting in limited generalizability. This project examined the tears-social support intentions effect and possible mediating and moderating variables in a fully pre-registered study across 7007 participants (24,886 ratings) and 41 countries spanning all populated continents. Participants were prese…