Search results for "External"

R&D subsidies & external collaborative breadth: Differential gains and the role of collaboration experience

2018

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. External collaboration breadth is important for firms to acquire the knowledge needed to innovate. In this paper, we combine cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the Spanish Panel of Technological Innovation Survey (PITEC) to examine the indirect impact of R&D subsidies on firm external collaboration breadth. We contribute to understanding of the indirect impacts of R&D subsidies by first providing strong evidence of an economically significant average positive impact of R&D subsidies on firm external collaboration breadth. Second, our results advance understanding of the differential impacts of R&D subsidie…

Synthetic Aperture Lensless Digital Holographic Microscopy (SALDHM) for Superresolved Biological Imaging

2013

Lensless digital holographic microscopy (LDHM) relates with the capability to achieve microscopic imaging working without lenses in the regime of holography. LDHM uses an extremely simplified setup and provides micron-range lateral and depth resolutions in three-dimensional (3D) imaging. Typically, LDHM uses a pinhole to provide spherical divergent illumination over the sample. Then, two different basic schemes are usually adopted for providing holographic recording. The first one assumes the interference between two in-line waves since diffraction by the sample can be considered as a perturbation of the reference wave. The second scheme uses an external reference beam in an off-line config…

Mechanical Behavior of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beams Bonded with External Carbon Fiber Sheets

2017

This study investigates the mechanical behavior of steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams internally reinforced with steel bars and externally bonded with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets fixed by adhesive and hybrid jointing techniques. In particular, attention is paid to the load resistance and failure modes of composite beams. The steel fibers were used to avoiding the rip-off failure of the concrete cover. The CFRP sheets were fixed to the concrete surface by epoxy adhesive as well as combined with various configurations of small-diameter steel pins for mechanical fastening to form a hybrid connection. Such hybrid jointing techniques were found to be particularly adva…

The UN in the Lab

2013

We consider two alternatives to inaction for governments combating terrorism, which we term Deterrence and Prevention. Deterrence – investing in resources that reduce the impact of an attack – generates a negative externality to other governments, making their countries a more attractive objective for terrorists, while Prevention – investing in resources that reduce the ability of the terrorist organization to mount an attack – creates a positive externality by reducing the overall threat of terrorism for all. Due to the structure of this interaction, countries can benefit from coordination of policy choices, and international institutions (such as the UN) can be utilized to facilitate coor…

Shadow trees of Mandelbrot sets

2003

Modeling Drug-Induced Anorexia by Molecular Topology

2012

Molecular topology (MT) has demonstrated to be a very good technique for describing molecular structures and to predict physical, chemical, and biological properties of compounds. In this paper, a topological-mathematical model based on MT has been developed for identifying drug compounds showing anorexia as a side effect. An external validation (test set) has been carried out, yielding over an 80% correct classification in the active and inactive compounds. These results reinforce the role of MT as a potential useful tool for predicting drug side effects.

Marketisation of Universities and Legal Education in Poland: The Balance 25 Years After the Transformation

2016

This paper is dedicated to the issue of the marketisation of universities and legal education 25 years after the systemic transformation of 1989 where, in public discourse, communist ideology had been replaced by a neo-liberal one. The process of marketisation is perceived as a way to deal with externalities’ where activities in areas traditionally regarded to be of a non-economic nature are being transformed to operate according to market-oriented model (with competitive market, pursuit for profit, economic efficiency, and cost reduction). The mentioned process has encroached into the sphere of higher education where there is observable departure from Humboldt’s model of university and a s…

The Port and its Environment

2013

In times of increasing environmental awareness, the port-city relationship has gained a new meaning since ports have been seen as the origin of both negative and positive externalities affecting the public wellbeing. While the former are the result of port expansion, the latter are the result of transforming obsolete port areas into recreational facilities. Therefore, in order to support effective policy-making, in this research is emphasized the need of measuring these environmental externalities. Considering their non-market nature, the contingent valuation method is introduced as an economic tool capable of overcoming this obstacle. Thus, the cases of two ports in Spain, namely Valencia …

THE IMPACT OF REGIONAL AND COHESION POLICY ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE EU

2012

As the global financial and economic crisis hit the European Union, no country was left unharmed. To this day, the Member States share the burden of excessive foreign debt, inflation, budget deficit, high unemployment levels, shaken stability of the currency, and many more. Multiple responses were introduced to these damaging effects, including adopting changes to the use of the Globalisation Adjustment Fund, enabling a Financial Stability Mechanism for the Euro zone and introducing a number of micro-financing instruments, particularly to support SMEs. Nevertheless, these have all been short-term actions, which will not suffice to ensure a long-term, sustainable economic growth of the Europ…

Risk Profiles for Re-Profiling the Sovereign Debt of Crisis Countries

2014

This paper uses a risk-management approach to re-profile the sovereign debt of countries facing debt crises. Using scenario analysis we develop a risk measure of the sovereign's debt -- Conditional Debt-at-Risk -- and an optimization model is used to trace risk profiles that tradeoff expected cost of debt financing against the Conditional Debt-at-Risk. The risk profiles are particularly informative for crisis countries, as they allow us to identify, with high-probability, debt unsustainability. We develop risk profiles for two Eurozone countries with excessive debt, Cyprus and Italy, both in their current form and under various forms of restructuring or rescheduling, and show how to assess …