Search results for "Extortion"
showing 10 items of 21 documents
The Camorra and protection rackets: the cost to business
2016
Based on the observations from the judicial and investigative evidence provided by prosecutors in Camorra areas in Italy, this investigation provides an estimate of the economic impact of extortion racket to businesses. In particular, the estimates refer to the total and average withdrawal of monetary amounts from the businesses victimised by Camorra clans. Further insights are provided in terms of economic activities mostly victimised, and specifically the construction sector, which is subject to a different type of extortion racket.
Per una critica dell’art. 319-quater c.p. Una terza via tra concussione e corruzione
2013
L’introduzione dell’art. 319-quater mira a risolvere i problemi storicamente po-sti dalla distinzione tra corruzione e concussione. Pur sorretta da uno spunto condivisibile, quella disposizione, per il modo in cui è concretamente concepita, finisce tuttavia per solle-vare un novero di questioni fors’anche superiore rispetto a quelle che contribuisce a risolve-re. Gli stessi problemi si sarebbero potuti assai più agevolmente risolvere, già in vigenza del precedente sistema, sol che si fosse accettato di superare il dogma della mutua esclusività di quelle due fattispecie.
An institutional perspective on corruption in transition economies
2017
Submitted version (preprint). This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Alon, A. & Hageman, A. (2017). An institutional perspective on corruption in transition economies. Corporate governance: An International Review, 25(3), 155-166, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/corg.12199. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. Manuscript Type: Empirical Research Question/Issue: Companies operating in transition economies encounter a broad range of potential challenges. In the area of tax, firms make direct tax payments but may also encounter unofficial t…
The Impact of Adolescent Internet Addiction on Sexual Online Victimization: The Mediating Effects of Sexting and Body Self-Esteem
2021
Adolescents’ problematic use of the internet and the risk of sexual online victimization are an increasing concern among families, researchers, professionals and society. This study aimed to analyze the interplay between adolescents’ addiction to social networks and internet, body self-esteem and sexual–erotic risk behavior online: sexting, sextortion and grooming. While sexting refers to the voluntary engagement in texting sexual–erotic messages, sextortion and grooming are means of sexual–erotic victimization through the use of the internet. Participants were 1763 adolescents (51% girls), aged 12 to 16 years (M = 14.56
Mechanisms of the Embedding of Extortion Racket Systems: The case of Cosa Nostra
2017
The chapter summarises some of the research undertaken in the EU project GLODERS which is directed towards investigating the dynamics of extortion racket systems (ERS) of which the Sicilian Mafia is but one example (http://www.gloders.eu/). Before describing in more detail the principal formal characteristics of the Mafia-type organizations and the ways in which the extortion racket system works in a certain territory it is necessary to briefly outline what is a mafia-type organization and what we mean when we talk about the extortion racket system. The chapter propose an analysis of the mechanisms of the process of extortion in Sicily.
Resisting the extortion racket: an empirical analysis
2018
While the contributions on the organized crime and Mafia environments are many, there is a lack of empirical evidence on the firm’s decision to resist to extortion. Our case study is based on Addiopizzo, an NGO that, from 2004, invites firms to refuse requests from the local Mafia and to join a public list of “non-payers”. The research is based on a dataset obtained linking the current administrative archives maintained by the chambers of commerce and the list updated by the NGO. The objective of this paper is twofold: first, to gather sound data on the characteristics of the Addiopizzo joiners; second to model the probability to join Addiopizzo by a two-level logistic regression model. We …
La "razionalità" delle vittime di estorsione e l'impatto dell'overload informativo
2016
Il capitolo presenta un breve excursus tra le contrapposte interpretazioni del fenomeno mafioso e in particolare di quello estorto. Prende poi in considerazione i concetti di incertezza, rischio e overload informativo per vedere come sono stati trattati dalla teoria sociologica contemporanea e come è possibile utilizzare tali concetti nell'interpretazione dello stato delle vittime di estorsione. Si analizzano infine la prospettiva culturista nella sua versione 2.0 e gli effetti dell'overload informativo sulle vittime. The chapter presents a brief excursus between the opposing interpretations of the mafia phenomenon and in particular of the extorted one. It then takes into consideration the …
I minori sono Cosa Nostra? Criminalità organizzata, devianza minorile e sistema giudiziario a Palermo e Catania
2009
Do All Juveniles Belong to Cosa Nostra? Palermo and Catania are the two main cities of Sicily - Despite the fact that they share similar problems, such as underdevelopment, unemployment and social deprivation, the Juvenile Courts of the two cities apply different policies when dealing with juvenile deviants. When the same kind of crimes committed by juvenile defendants are considered, the Palermo court is found to be more lenient than its counterpart in Cata235 nia. Seeking an explanation for this discrepancy, the two authors discuss figures and use qualitative material to argue that it must be connected to the different relationship between organised crime and juvenile deviance in the two …
On the Macroeconomic Effect of Extortion: An Agent-Based Approach
2021
This work proposes an agent-based approach to study the effect of extortion on macroeconomic aggregates, despite the fact that there is little data on this criminal activity given its hidden nature. We develop a Bottom-up Adaptive Macroeconomics (BAM) model that simulates a healthy economy, including a moderate inflation and a reasonable unemployment rate, and test the impact of extortion on various macroeconomic signals. The BAM model defines the usual interactions among workers, firms and banks in labour, goods and credit markets. Subsequently, crime is introduced by defining the propensity of the poorest workers to become extortionists, as well as the efficiency of the police in terms of…
Civic engagement, corporate social responsibility and the fight against the extortion racket
2019
The chapter focuses on the concept of civic engagement, paying primary attention to the social responsibilities of business owners who are consolidated in the moment in which they decide to cooperate with each other and to collaborate with the police force in favour of action against criminality of a mafia nature. In the following pages, the author examines the reasons given by some business owners for their rebellion against the extortion rackets.