Search results for "Extraction"
showing 10 items of 2072 documents
A Special Issue on Advances in Machine Learning for Remote Sensing and Geosciences [From the Guest Editors]
2016
Machine learning has become a standard paradigm for the analysis of remote sensing and geoscience data at both local and global scales. In the upcoming years, with the advent of new satellite constellations, machine learning will have a fundamental role in processing large and heterogeneous data sources. Machine learning will move from mere statistical data processing to actual learning, understanding, and knowledge extraction. The ambitious goal is to provide responses to the challenging scientific questions about the earth system. This special issue aims at providing an updated, refreshing view of current developments in the field. For this special issue, we have collected five articles t…
Knowledge Extraction from Environmental Data Through a Cognitive Architecture
2008
Wireless Sensor Networks represent a novel technology which is expected to experience a dramatic diffusion thanks to the promise to be a pervasive sensory means; however, one of the issues limiting their potential growth relies in the difficulty of managing and interpreting huge amounts of collected data. This paper proposes a cognitive architecture for the extraction of high-level knowledge from raw data through the representation of processed data in opportune conceptual spaces. The presented framework interposes a conceptual layer between the subsymbolic one, devoted to sensory data processing, and the symbolic one, aimed at describing the environment by means of a high level language. T…
Introduction to ADT/ADT3D
2012
ADT approach was successfully used within the last years to solve crystal structure of nanocrystalline material ab-inito using programs initially written for X-ray diffraction data. The methodology of ADT data analysis including data extraction in a format suitable for established structure solution programs was developed. A collection of processing routines was implemented into dedicated software ADT3D. Here the main steps of ADT data processing are explained, and the complete sequence of steps from importing raw data to saving the hklI file is demonstrated.
Analysis of multi-source metabolomic data using joint and individual variation explained (JIVE).
2015
Metabolic profiling is increasingly being used for understanding biological processes but there is no single analytical technique that provides a complete quantitative or qualitative profiling of the metabolome. Data fusion (i.e. joint analysis of data from multiple sources) has the potential to circumvent this issue facilitating knowledge discovery and reliable biomarker identification. Another field of application of data fusion is the simultaneous analysis of metabolomic changes through several biofluids or tissues. However, metabolomics typically deals with large datasets, with hundreds to thousands of variables and the identification of shared and individual factors or structures acros…
Technology-Supported Guidance Models Stimulating the Development of Critical Thinking in Clinical Practice: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Systematic R…
2020
BackgroundCritical thinking is an essential skill that nursing students need to develop. Technological tools have opened new avenues for technology-supported guidance models, but the challenges and facilitators of such guidance models, as well as how they stimulate the development of critical thinking, remain unclear.ObjectiveWe developed a protocol for a mixed methods systematic review to investigate the use of technology-supported guidance models that stimulate the development of critical thinking in nursing education clinical practice.MethodsA convergent integrated design following the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis will be employed. A pair of authors will select t…
The HisClima database: historical weather logs for automatic transcription and information extraction
2021
Knowing the weather and atmospheric conditions from the past can help weather researchers to generate models like the ones used to predict how weather conditions are likely to change as global temperatures continue to rise. Many historical weather records are available from the past registered on a systemic basis. Historical weather logs were registered in ships, when they were on the high seas, recording daily weather conditions such as: wind speed, temperature, coordinates, etc. These historical documents represent an important source of knowledge with valuable information to extract climatic information of several centuries ago. This paper presents a database for researching about the ca…
Local dimensionality reduction and supervised learning within natural clusters for biomedical data analysis
2006
Inductive learning systems were successfully applied in a number of medical domains. Nevertheless, the effective use of these systems often requires data preprocessing before applying a learning algorithm. This is especially important for multidimensional heterogeneous data presented by a large number of features of different types. Dimensionality reduction (DR) is one commonly applied approach. The goal of this paper is to study the impact of natural clustering--clustering according to expert domain knowledge--on DR for supervised learning (SL) in the area of antibiotic resistance. We compare several data-mining strategies that apply DR by means of feature extraction or feature selection w…
FABC: Retinal Vessel Segmentation Using AdaBoost
2010
This paper presents a method for automated vessel segmentation in retinal images. For each pixel in the field of view of the image, a 41-D feature vector is constructed, encoding information on the local intensity structure, spatial properties, and geometry at multiple scales. An AdaBoost classifier is trained on 789 914 gold standard examples of vessel and nonvessel pixels, then used for classifying previously unseen images. The algorithm was tested on the public digital retinal images for vessel extraction (DRIVE) set, frequently used in the literature and consisting of 40 manually labeled images with gold standard. Results were compared experimentally with those of eight algorithms as we…
Exudate-based diabetic macular edema detection in fundus images using publicly available datasets
2010
International audience; Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common vision threatening complication of diabetic retinopathy. In a large scale screening environment DME can be assessed by detecting exudates (a type of bright lesions) in fundus images. In this work, we introduce a new methodology for diagnosis of DME using a novel set of features based on colour, wavelet decomposition and automatic lesion segmentation. These features are employed to train a classifier able to automatically diagnose DME through the presence of exudation. We present a new publicly available dataset with ground-truth data containing 169 patients from various ethnic groups and levels of DME. This and other two publi…
LC3: A spatio-temporal and semantic model for knowledge discovery from geospatial datasets
2015
International audience; There is a need for decision-makers to be provided with both an overview of existing knowledge, and information which is as complete and up-to-date as possible on changes in certain features of the biosphere. Another objective is to bring together all the many attempts which have been made over the years at various levels (international, Community, national and regional) to obtain more information on the environment and the way it is changing. As a result, remote sensing tools monitor large amount of land cover informations enabling study of dynamic processes. However the size of the dataset require new tools to identify pattern and extract knowledge. We propose a mo…