Search results for "Eye"
showing 10 items of 2511 documents
Current Clinical Application of Microperimetry: A Review.
2018
Microperimetry (MP) is a technology that allows the study of retinal sensitivity at different foveal and parafoveal areas as well as eye fixation. It is a technique of functional evaluation, providing a direct correlation between anatomical and functional outcomes. There are a great variety of studies which evaluate the repeatability or reliability of measurements obtained with this technology and also describe and explore different clinical applications. MP has been shown to be useful in the characterization of sensory and motor conditions, such as amblyopia or nystagmus. Concerning ocular pathology, several studies have confirmed the usefulness of MP for evaluating and analyzing different…
Objective assessment of cataract: Comparison between the Lens Opacities Classification System III and a Scheimpflug camera
2015
Purpose Develop an automatic system for cataract classification using the Sirius Scheimpflug for both nuclear and cortical cataract. Methods Scheimpflug images were taken using the Sirius system in 50 patients with nuclear and/or cortical cataract (mean age 69 ± 9.2 years). The nuclear opacity (NO) and cortical opacity was graded by an ophthalmologist according to the Lens Opacities Classification System (LOCSIII) by comparing the slit-lamp image with the LOCS's standard nuclear images. A custom-made MATLAB program was used to calculate the pixel intensity value within a region of interest (ROI) of the nucleus and to calculate the percentage of opaque pixels in the cortex. Results Eighty-ni…
Cavernous malformation of the optic chiasm: An uncommon location
2015
Background: Cavernous malformations (CMs) of the optic chiasm are rare lesions often presenting with acute chiasmal syndrome or a progressive visual loss. The case of a 48-year-old female with an intrachiasmatic CM is presented. Case Description: The patient presented with an insidious history of progressive visual loss. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a CM in the suprasellar region. The patient was operated via a right pterional approach with a complete lesion removal. The postoperative course was uneventful. Early postoperative ophthalmological examination revealed minimal improvement of the vision in the left eye. Conclusion: The clinical, neuroradiological, and intraoperative fi…
Übereinstimmung von klinischer Beurteilung, Heidelberg-Retina-Tomograph (HRT) und Nerve Fiber Analyzer (GDx) in der Glaukomdiagnostik
2004
BACKGROUND We have made a comparison of clinical evaluation, Heidelberg-Retina-Tomograph (HRT) and Nerve Fiber Analyzer (GDx) in diagnosing glaucoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS One eye of 38 glaucoma patients and 26 non-glaucoma patients was examined with HRT and GDx. Assignment of the patients into the two groups by clinical evaluation was performed on the basis of visual field and optic disc results. As classification criterion for glaucoma/non-glaucoma by means of the instruments we employed the statistical classification of the HRT and "the number" of the GDx. Statistical analysis was performed with Cohen's kappa and McNemar tests. Additionally, ROC curves for evaluation of the sensitivity a…
Effect of Phenylephrine on the Accommodative System
2016
Accommodation is controlled by the action of the ciliary muscle and mediated primarily by parasympathetic input through postganglionic fibers that originate from neurons in the ciliary and pterygopalatine ganglia. During accommodation the pupil constricts to increase the depth of focus of the eye and improve retinal image quality. Researchers have traditionally faced the challenge of measuring the accommodative properties of the eye through a small pupil and thus have relied on pharmacological agents to dilate the pupil. Achieving pupil dilation (mydriasis) without affecting the accommodative ability of the eye (cycloplegia) could be useful in many clinical and research contexts. Phenylephr…
Spotlight on fundus autofluorescence.
2018
Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging is based on the fluorescence from ocular endogenous fluorophores located in the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid, mainly lipofuscin and melanin. It is a noninvasive technique that provides information about the spatial distribution of lipofuscin/melanin and retinal pigment epithelium health status. An overview about the fluorophores responsible for FAF imaging and the usefulness of FAF imaging in the noninvasive assessment and monitoring of retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, central serous chorioretinopthy, retinitis pigmentosa and retinal dystrophies, are discussed in this rev…
Use of digital displays and ocular surface alterations: A review.
2020
Digital display use has been accepted to be implicated as a contributing factor for dry eye disease (DED). Abnormal blinking during computer operation, including a reduced blink rate and an incomplete eyelid closure, increased palpebral fissure as consequence of high visualization angles, and meibomian gland dysfunction associated to long-term display use, are behind the increased prevalence of dry eye signs and symptoms found in digital display users. Previous research reveals significant reductions in tear volume and stability, alterations in tear film composition, including increased osmolarity, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers and reduced mucin secretion, eyelid abnormal…
Preliminary in vivo positional analysis of a posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens by optical coherence tomography and its correlation with clini…
2012
Purpose: To analyze by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography the anatomical relationship of a specific type of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implanted in cases of high to moderate myopia with the adjacent intraocular structures and to correlate it with clinical outcomes. Methods: Prospective observational case series including 18 eyes with high to moderate myopia (spherical equivalent between −5.88 and −15.75 D) of 9 patients (age range, 29–49 years) undergoing bilateral Phakic Refractive Lens (PRL, Zeiss) implantation. Postoperative visual acuity, refraction, contrast sensitivity (CS), and ocular higher order aberrations (HOA) were evaluated. Furthermore, the in v…
Validity of automated refraction after segmented refractive multifocal intraocular lens implantation
2017
Aim To evaluate the clinical utility of automated refraction (AR) and keratometry (KR) compared with subjective or manifest refraction (MR) after cataract or refractive lens exchange surgery with implantation of Lentis Mplus X (Oculentis GmbH) refractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL). Methods Eighty-six eyes implanted with the Lentis Mplus X multifocal IOL were included. MR was performed in all patients followed by three consecutive AR measurements using the Topcon KR-8000 autorefractor. Assessment of repeatability of consecutive AR before and after dilation with phenylephrine 10%, and comparison of the AR and KR with MR using vector analysis were performed at 3mo follow-up. Results Ana…
Eclectic Ocular Comorbidities and Systemic Diseases with Eye Involvement: A Review.
2016
Coexistence of several ocular diseases is more frequent than suspected. In spite of the refractive errors, one or more of the following can be detected simultaneously: glaucoma, cataracts, uveitis, age-related macular degeneration, and dry eyes. In addition, as people age, ocular comorbidities are much more usually seen. Specific diseases are openly acknowledged to affect the eyes and vision, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension blood pressure, arthritis, hyperthyroidism, neurodegenerative disorders, hematologic malignancies, and/or systemic infections. Recent advances in early diagnosis and therapy of the ophthalmic pathologies have reinforced patient options to prevent visual impairmen…