Search results for "Eye"

showing 10 items of 2511 documents

Early age of onset, brain morphological changes and non-consistent motor asymmetry in schizophrenic patients.

1999

Previous data suggest abnormalities in the consistence of motor dominance in schizophrenia (e.g. mixed-handedness, poor correlation between hand, eye and foot preferences and an increase of hand-eye crossed dominance). The aim of this work is to examine the clinical significance of hand-eye and hand-foot crossed dominance in a sample of 61 right-handed schizophrenic patients. The application of multivariate analysis revealed that 23 right-handed and non-right-eyed patients (crossed hand-eye dominant group) had a significant earlier clinical onset and smaller brain size, global and frontal area, than 38 right-handed and right-eyed schizophrenics (consistent hand-eye dominance group). These f…

AdultMalePsychosismedicine.medical_specialtyMultivariate analysisgenetic structuresCentral nervous systemAudiologyNeuropsychological TestsFunctional LateralityDevelopmental psychologymedicineHumansClinical significanceBiological PsychiatryDominance (genetics)Retrospective StudiesAge FactorsBrainmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureMotor SkillsBrain sizeLateralitySchizophreniaFemalesense organsAge of onsetPsychomotor DisordersPsychologySchizophrenia research
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Nine Loci for Ocular Axial Length Identified through Genome-wide Association Studies, Including Shared Loci with Refractive Error

2013

Refractive errors are common eye disorders of public health importance worldwide. Ocular axial length (AL) is the major determinant of refraction and thus of myopia and hyperopia. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for AL, combining 12,531 Europeans and 8,216 Asians. We identified eight genome-wide significant loci for AL (RSPO1, C3orf26, LAMA2, GJD2, ZNRF3, CD55, MIP, and ALPPL2) and confirmed one previously reported AL locus (ZC3H11B). Of the nine loci, five (LAMA2, GJD2, CD55, ALPPL2, and ZC3H11B) were associated with refraction in 18 independent cohorts (n = 23,591). Differential gene expression was observed for these loci in minus-lens-induced myopia mouse …

AdultMaleRefractive errorAdolescentGene ExpressionLocus (genetics)Genome-wide association studyBiologyOcular Axial LengthPolymorphism Single NucleotideWhite PeopleArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAsian PeopleSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingmedicineGeneticsHumansGWASGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetics(clinical)RSPO1Eye ProteinsGeneGenetics (clinical)030304 developmental biologyGenetic associationAgedGenetics0303 health sciencesta1184HeritabilityMiddle Agedta3121medicine.diseaseRefractive ErrorsAxial Length EyeGenetic Loci030221 ophthalmology & optometryEye disorderFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudySignal Transduction
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An alternative clinical routine for subjective refraction based on power vectors with trial frames.

2016

PURPOSE Subjective refraction determines the final point of refractive error assessment in most clinical environments and its foundations have remained unchanged for decades. The purpose of this paper is to compare the results obtained when monocular subjective refraction is assessed in trial frames by a new clinical procedure based on a pure power vector interpretation with conventional clinical refraction procedures. METHODS An alternative clinical routine is described that uses power vector interpretation with implementation in trial frames. Refractive error is determined in terms of: (i) the spherical equivalent (M component), and (ii) a pair of Jackson Crossed Cylinder lenses oriented …

AdultMaleRefractive errorCorrelation coefficientAdolescentVisual AcuityAstigmatismRefraction Ocular01 natural sciences010309 optics03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineOptics0103 physical sciencesmedicineHumansPhoropterMathematicsMonocularbusiness.industryOrientation (computer vision)Vision TestsEquipment Designmedicine.diseaseRefractive ErrorsSubjective refractionRefractionSensory SystemsOphthalmologyEyeglasses030221 ophthalmology & optometryFemalebusinessAlgorithmOptometryOphthalmicphysiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
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Peripapillary Choroidal Thickness and Choroidal Area in Glaucoma, Ocular Hypertension and Healthy Subjects by SD-OCT.

2015

Background: The exact pathogenesis of open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension remains unclear. Hemodynamic influences are discussed as potential risk factors and the choroid may play an important role in the pathogenesis of open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. The current study investigates peripapillary choroidal thickness and choroidal area in patients with open angle glaucoma, subjects with ocular hypertension and healthy subjects using spectral-domain OCT. It furthermore assesses the association between peripapillary choroidal thickness and age, central corneal thickness, refractive error and intraocular pressure. Patients and Methods: Prospectively recorded data of 213 eyes …

AdultMaleRefractive errorIntraocular pressuremedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresOpen angle glaucomaHemodynamicsGlaucomaOcular hypertensionSensitivity and SpecificityReference ValuesOphthalmologymedicineHumansAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryChoroidHealthy subjectsReproducibility of ResultsOrgan SizeMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRefractive Errorseye diseasesOphthalmoscopyOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleOcular Hypertensionsense organsChoroidbusinessGlaucoma Open-AngleTomography Optical CoherenceKlinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
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Postoperative astigmatism and rotational stability after Artisan toric phakic intraocular lens implantation

2003

Abstract Purpose To evaluate deviations in the axis (intended versus achieved) and postoperative astigmatism after implantation of an Artisan toric phakic intraocular lens (IOL). Setting University Eye Hospital, Mainz, Germany. Methods This prospective study comprised 29 eyes with high ametropia and astigmatism. All eyes had uneventful implantation of a toric phakic IOL through a superior scleral tunnel incision at 12 o’clock. After a minimum of 6 months, the uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best correct visual acuity, refraction, and astigmatism were analyzed in all eyes. A multivariate analysis of postoperative astigmatism was performed. Results After a follow-up of at least 6 months, 95…

AdultMaleRefractive errorVisual acuityRotationgenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentEmmetropiaIntraocular lensPhakic intraocular lensLens Implantation IntraocularmedicineHumansPostoperative PeriodProspective StudiesDioptreLenses Intraocularbusiness.industryAstigmatismEquipment DesignMiddle AgedRefractive Errorsmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsRefractive Surgical ProceduresToric lensOphthalmologyMeridian (perimetry visual field)OptometryFemaleSurgerysense organsmedicine.symptombusinessJournal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
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Influence of Refraction on Tonometric Readings After Photorefractive Keratectomy and Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis

2000

PURPOSE To determine the decrease of Goldmann tonometry after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) according to refraction prior to surgery. METHODS Prospective simultaneous comparative case series of 53 myopic eyes (53 patients) that underwent PRK and 50 (50 patients) that underwent LASIK using the Summit Excimed SVS plus (Summit Technology, Inc., Walthan, MA, U.S.A.). PRK and LASIK were subdivided by refractive error into two subgroups of more than or less than -5 diopters (D). Central tonometric readings were taken prior to surgery and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS In LASIK and PRK subgroups of more than -5 D, 85.7% (24) and 69.6% (24), r…

AdultMaleRefractive errormedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentgenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentKeratomileusis Laser In SituKeratomileusisRefraction OcularPhotorefractive KeratectomyTonometry OcularOphthalmologyMyopiaHumansMedicinePostoperative PeriodProspective StudiesIntraocular PressureDioptrebusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsLASIKGlaucomaMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseLaser assistedRefractioneye diseasesPhotorefractive keratectomyGoldmann tonometryOphthalmologyFemaleLasers Excimersense organsbusinessCornea
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Rate of Cataract Formation in 343 Highly Myopic Eyes After Implantation of Three Types of Phakic Intraocular Lenses

2004

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility of using phakic intraocular lenses (PIOL) to treat high myopia, and evaluate the incidence of cataract, comparing three different lens types. METHODS: From 1989 to 2002, we implanted three different phakic intraocular lenses (PIOL) in 343 eyes of 232 patients; 231 eyes recieved an Ophtec (Worst-Fechner model, iris-claw), 89 an Adatomed (silicone posterior chamber), and 23 a Staar (posterior chamber, models V2, V3, V4). Average follow-up was 96.2 months for the Ophtec group, 31.5 months for the Adatomed group, and 19.3 months for Staar group. Eyes that subsequently developed cataract were studied for clinical evolution and had PIOL explantation and…

AdultMaleRefractive errormedicine.medical_specialtyAnterior subcapsular cataractVisual acuitygenetic structuresEye diseasemedicine.medical_treatmentVisual AcuityIntraocular lensPhakic intraocular lensCataractlaw.inventionLens Implantation IntraocularlawOphthalmologyMyopiamedicineHumansDevice RemovalAgedLenses Intraocularbusiness.industryIncidencePhacoemulsificationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesLens (optics)OphthalmologyFeasibility StudiesFemaleSurgerysense organsmedicine.symptombusinessJournal of Refractive Surgery
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Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathologic myopia: long-term study.

2006

Purpose: To assess the safety and effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to pathologic myopia (PM). Methods: Sixty-two patients (62 eyes) with PM underwent PDT according to the guidelines of the Verteporfin in Photodynamic Therapy Study. Clinical evaluations performed at all study visits included measurement of best-corrected Snellen visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and fundus fluorescein angiography. Patients were followed up at 1 month and 3 months after treatment and thereafter at 3-month intervals. Results: The final visual acuity of the study patients, after a median follow-up of 31 months, improved…

AdultMaleRefractive errormedicine.medical_specialtyFovea CentralisVisual acuityPorphyrinsgenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentVisual AcuityPhotodynamic therapyOphthalmologyPathologic myopiamedicineHumansProspective StudiesFluorescein AngiographyDioptreAgedAged 80 and overPhotosensitizing Agentsbusiness.industryVerteporfinGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseVerteporfineye diseasesChoroidal NeovascularizationOphthalmologyLong term learningChoroidal neovascularizationPhotochemotherapyMyopia DegenerativeFemalesense organsmedicine.symptombusinessmyopia subfoveal choroidal neovascularization photodynamic therapy verteporfin.medicine.drugFollow-Up StudiesRetina (Philadelphia, Pa.)
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Reproducibility of digital image analysis for measuring corneal haze after myopic photorefractive keratectomy.

1997

Purpose To evaluate the usefulness of digital image analysis for quantifying corneal haze by determining the reproducibility of its measurements at the corneal plane. Methods In a prospective study, 20 randomly selected eyes that had undergone myopic photorefractive keratectomy were photographed focusing the slit beam on their anterior corneal surface. Each photograph was examined using computer image analysis techniques that detect the edge of the reticular pattern of the image. Quantification of the difference between two areas, treated and adjacent untreated cornea, each containing 3,750 pixels with a resolution of 256 gray levels, was performed. Intra-analyzer variation was determined b…

AdultMaleRefractive errormedicine.medical_specialtyHazeMaterials sciencegenetic structuresCoefficient of variationmedicine.medical_treatmentImage processingPhotorefractive KeratectomyCorneaOpticsPostoperative ComplicationsCorneaOphthalmologymedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedMyopiaHumansProspective StudiesReproducibilityCorneal Hazebusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesPhotorefractive keratectomyOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleLasers Excimersense organsbusinessAmerican journal of ophthalmology
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Direct Objective Quantification of Corneal Haze after Excimer Laser Photorefractive Keratectomy for High Myopia

1996

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to measure regional distribution differences in corneal haze after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for high myopia. Methods: The authors developed computerized gradient edge detectors with which were analyzed digitized anterior slit-lamp photographs of 40 eyes, an average of 21.0 plus or minus 14.5 weeks after photorefractive keratectomy for high myopia (−6 to −22 diopters). A treated area and an adjacent untreated area on the anterior corneal surface, each containing six regions, were quantified, and the difference was correlated with various parameters. Results: Mean differences between scarred and clear areas for haze grade 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.…

AdultMaleRefractive errormedicine.medical_specialtyHazegenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentExcimerPhotorefractive KeratectomyCorneaCorneal OpacityOphthalmologyCorneaImage Processing Computer-AssistedMyopiamedicineHumansDioptreCorneal Hazebusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesPhotorefractive keratectomyOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleLasers Excimersense organsbusinessFollow-Up StudiesAblation zoneOphthalmology
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