Search results for "Eye"

miRNAs and Genes Involved in the Interplay between Ocular Hypertension and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis…

2021

Este artículo se encuentra disponible en la siguiente URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/11/2227 En esta investigación también participan: Mar Valero Vello, Silvia M. Sanz González, José E. O'Connor, David Galarreta Mira, María D. Pinazo-Durán y Vicente Zanón Moreno. Este artículo pertenece al número especial "Recent Clinical Research on Glaucoma". Glaucoma has no cure and is a sight-threatening neurodegenerative disease affecting more than 100 million people worldwide, with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) being the most globally prevalent glaucoma clinical type. Regulation of gene expression and gene networks, and its multifactorial pathways involved in glaucoma disease are landmark…

The efficacy and safety of unfixed and fixed combinations of latanoprost and other antiglaucoma medications.

2002

Adjunctive therapy for the management of glaucoma is commonly used. Unfixed combinations of the prostaglandin analog latanoprost and other glaucoma medications have been demonstrated to effectively lower intraocular pressure (IOP). The range of reported additional reductions in IOP compared to a monotherapy baseline are as follows: latanoprost-timolol (13-37%), latanoprost-pilocarpine 2% (7-14%), latanoprost and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (15-24.1%), and latanoprost and dipivefrin (15-28%). There is a fixed combination of latanoprost (0.005%) and timolol (0.5%) that has been investigated in Phase III trials in Europe and the United States. In these trials, it was noted that the efficacy …

Removal of Viscoelastic Substances

2000

All viscoelastics should be completely removed from the eye to reduce the likelihood of increased intraocular pressure. Should OVD retention behind the IOL occur, an unstable refraction could result. Residual high molecular viscous substance is transported away through the trabecular meshwork, with delay, possibly resulting in a protracted postoperative IOP increase. To aspirate viscoelastics various techniques as well as instruments with different aspiration/irrigation adjustments have been proposed, a few of which will be described here. Viscoelastic removal involving the simultaneous irrigation and aspiration through a single cannula (Nevyas, 1987) or two separate cannulas (Brauweiler, 1…

Update on topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

2001

Topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are a novel addition to the armamentarium of medical glaucoma treatment; dorzolamide has been available since 1995 and brinzolamide since 1998. They lower intraocular pressure by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase, a key enzyme for aqueous humor formation. Intraocular pressure-lowering activity of the substances appears to be the same and is similar to that of most other agents, but it does not reach the activity of the unselective beta-blocker timolol or the prostaglandin latanoprost. On concomitant treatment, additivity is reached with all other topical agents. A possible improvement of blood flow may offer an additional benefit, but its significance for t…

New method for remote and repeatable monitoring of intraocular pressure variations

2014

We present initial steps toward a new measurement device enabling high-precision, noncontact remote and repeatable monitoring of intraocular pressure (IOP)-based on an innovative measurement principle. Using only a camera and a laser source, the device measures IOP by tracking the secondary speckle pattern trajectories produced by the reflection of an illuminating laser beam from the iris or the sclera. The device was tested on rabbit eyes using two different methods to modify IOP: via an infusion bag and via mechanical pressure. In both cases, the eyes were stimulated with increasing and decreasing ramps of the IOP. As IOP variations changed the speckle distributions reflected back from th…

Tonographic Effect of Ocular Response Analyzer in Comparison to Goldmann Applanation Tonometry.

2016

AIMS The tonographic effect is a phenomenon of intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction following repeated tonometry. This study examines whether the tonographic effect occurs following IOP measurement performed with Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA). METHODS Both eyes of 31 glaucoma patients and 35 healthy controls underwent nine IOP-measurements performed with GAT and ORA. The number of GAT and ORA measurements performed on each eye differed depending on the randomly allocated investigation scheme. Central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber volume (ACV) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were assessed with Pentacam before and after the repeated GAT/ORA measurements. RESULTS There was no sta…

2021

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) belong to the superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The family of mAChRs is composed of five subtypes, M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5, which have distinct expression patterns and functions. In the eye and its adnexa, mAChRs are widely expressed and exert multiple functions, such as modulation of tear secretion, regulation of pupil size, modulation of intraocular pressure, participation in cell-to-cell signaling and modula-tion of vascular diameter in the retina. Due to this variety of functions, it is reasonable to assume that abnormalities in mAChR signaling may contribute to the development of various ocular diseases. On the other hand, mAC…

Efficacy and safety of tafluprost 0.0015% and timolol maleate 0.5% fixed combination in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma.

2014

Lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) is at present the only therapeutic approach to the treatment of glaucoma proven to be successful. The choice of therapy must take into account efficacy, tolerability, safety, quality of life, adherence and cost. Monotherapy fails to achieve a satisfactory IOP reduction in 40 - 75% of glaucoma patients after2 years of therapy. So far, three prostaglandin/timolol maleate 0.5% fixed combinations (FCs) are available.This review provides a background on the tafluprost-timolol FC (TTFC, Santen Oy) and its individual compounds. It summarizes the data on efficacy and safety, including comparative data with prostaglandin/timolol FCs already available.Tafluprost is…

Steady-state levels of retinal 24S-hydroxycholesterol are maintained by glial cells intervention after elevation of intraocular pressure in the rat

2012

Purpose: Our previous studies suggested that CYP46A1 and 24S-hydroxycholesterol. (24SOH) may be associated with glaucoma. Loss of CYP46A1-expressing retinal. ganglion cells is involved in the activation of glia, and therefore possibly in the. disbalance of cholesterol. In this context, the purpose of our present work was to. emphasize the glial and longitudinal CYP46A1 expression after an interventional. glaucoma-related stress triggered by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods: Sprague–Dawley rats were submitted to laser photocoagulation of the. trabecular meshwork, limbus and episcleral veins in one eye to induce elevated IOP. Rats were euthanized at days 3, 14, 30 and 60 (n = 10 p…

Zur Wirkung von Muskelrelaxantien auf den intraokularen Druck

1988

Since general anesthesia is being used increasingly in ophthalmic surgery, the effects of anesthetic drugs on intraocular pressure (IOP) have to be considered. Competitive neuromuscular blocking drugs either do not affect IOP or produce a slight decrease. Depolarizing muscle relaxants increase IOP. This effect, which is pronounced with succinylcholine, cannot be reliably prevented by any concomitant medication. The new competitive relaxants atracurium and vecuronium provide stable conditions with respect to IOP and systemic circulation, combined with fast onset and intermediate duration of action.